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Biotechnology and its Applications Test - 16

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Biotechnology and its Applications Test - 16
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Which of the following features of genetic code does allow bacteria to produce human insulin by recombinant DNA technology?
    Solution
    In recombinant DNA technology bacteria is able to produce human insulin because genetic code is nearly universal, that is all contain same nitrogen bases, that is A, G, C, and T
    So,  the correct answer is 'Genetic code is nearly universal'

  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Match the following columns and select the correct option
    Column - IColumn - II
    (a)Bt cotton(i)Gene therapy
    (b)Adenosine deaminase deficiency  (ii)Cellular defence
    (c)RNAi(iii)Detection of HIV
    infection
    (d)PCR(iv)Bacillus
    thuringiensis
    Solution
    a) Bt cotton - iv) Bacillus thuringiensis 
    b) Adenosine deaminase deficiency - i) Gene therapy 
    c) RNAi - ii) cellular defence 
    d) PCR - iii) Detection of HIV infection 
    So, the correct answer is 'a)−(iv), (b)−(i), (c)−(ii), (d)−(iii)'
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Which kind of therapy was given in 1990 to a four-year-old girl with adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency? 
    Solution
    Gene therapy is the process of introduction of DNA into living human beings in order to treat disease. It is used to replace a missing gene product or to correct mutant alleles permanently. The ex vivo introduction of functional ADA gene in bone marrow cells of the patient, suffering from SCID, through an engineered retrovirus containing a functional ADA gene was followed by reintroduction of treated cells into the patient’s marrow treat the disease permanently.
    Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Use of bioresources by multinational companies and organisations without authorization from the concerned country and its people is called:
    Solution

    • Biodegradation is the degradation of the materials into environmentally acceptable products such as water, carbon dioxide, and biomass by the action of naturally available microorganisms under normal environmental conditions.
    • Bio-infringement is the commission of a prohibited act with respect to a patented invention without permission from the patent holder.
    • The population interaction termed biological exploitation includes what has formerly been. predation, as well as other interactions in which one population takes advantage of another.
    • Some organisations and multinational companies exploit or get patents for the biological resources of other nations without proper authorisation from the concerned countries and this is called biopiracy.

    So, the correct answer is option D.

  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    The first clinical gene therapy was given for treating
    Solution
    Correct Option: C
    Explanation:
    The first human gene therapy experiment begun in September 1990 used a retroviral vector containing the human adenosine deaminase (ADA) cDNA to transduce mature peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with ADA deficiency, an inherited disorder of immunity.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which one of the following is a correct statement?
    Solution
    Transgenic Brassica napus seeds are being used to produce the anticoagulant hirudin. 
    Bt in "BT Cotton" stands for Bacillus thuringiensis. This is naturally occurring soil bacterium. 
    Classical plant breeding. involves crossing or hybridization of pure lines, followed by artificial selection to produce plants with desirable traits whereas somatic hybridization involves fusion of protoplast of two cells. 
    Golden rice is a transgenic.variety of rice rich in $$\beta$$-carotene (provitamin A — inactive state of vitamin A).
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Which one of the following is a correct statement?
    Solution
    • Bt cotton carries the gene of Bt toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) that produces Bt toxin. The toxin bind to receptors on midgut epithelial cells of bollworm becomes inserted into the plasma membrane where they form pores leading to cell death through osmotic lysis. 
    • Somatic fusion is a method to create a genetic modification in plants by fusion of protoplast, not of the whole cell, from two distinct species of plants to form a new hybrid plant with the characteristics of both, a somatic hybrid.
    • The flavr savr variety of transgenic tomato exhibit delayed ripening and bruise resistance, they do not show improved taste.
    • Hirudin is an anticoagulant occurring naturally in salivary glands of medicinal leeches and is produced by transgenic Brassica napus. 
     So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Treatment with alloxan destroys
    Solution
    Alloxan is a toxic glucose analogue, which selectively destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas (that is beta cells) when administered to rodents and many other animal species. This causes an insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (called as alloxan diabetes) in these animals, with characteristics similar to type 1 diabetes in humans. Alloxan is selectively toxic to insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells because it preferentially accumulates in beta cells through uptake via the GLUT2 glucose transporter.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0

    The illegal and unlawful development of bio materials without payment to the inhabitants of their origin is called as

    Solution
    Biopiracy is a situation where indigenous knowledge of nature, originating with indigenous peoples, is used by others for profit, without permission from or no compensation or recognition to the indigenous people. It is the theft or robbery of genetic resources indigenous to a country. 
  • Question 10
    1 / -0

    Some multinational companies patent biological sample of other country without permission is called as

    Solution
    Biopiracy is the term used to refer to the use of bio-resources by multinational companies and other organisations without proper authorisation from the countries and people concerned without compensatory payment. 
    So, the correct answer is ' Biopiracy'.
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