Biotechnology and its Applications Test

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Biotechnology and its Applications Test - 30

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Find out the wrong statement :

A
Human protein used to treat emphysema is $$\alpha$$-1-antitrypsin.

B
Human insulin is being commercially produced from a transgenic species of Agrobacterium tumefaciens.

C
Rosie, the first transgenic cow produced human protein enriched milk.

D
Cry Ab endotoxin obtained from Bacillus thuringiensis is effective against corn borers.

E
Genetically modified bacterium used as biopesticide is Bacillus thuringiensis.

Solution

Human insulin is produced from genetically engineered E. coli. By using genetic engineering or recombinant DNA technology, insulin-producing genes from human beings have been transferred into E. coli. Here, the statement in option B is incorrect.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 2
1 / -0

Gene therapy is treatment done on

A
Adults only

B
Child or embryo only

C
Pregnant mothers only

D
Persons of any age and condition

Solution

Gene therapy replaces a faulty gene or adds a new gene in an attempt to cure disease or improve your body's ability to fight disease. Gene therapy holds promise for treating a wide range of diseases of any aged patients, such as cancer, cystic fibrosis, heart disease, diabetes, haemophilia and AIDS.
So the correct answer is option D.
Question 3
1 / -0

What is the advantage of clinical use of humulin over use of conventional ox or pig insulin __________________.

A
It does not cause immunological problems

B
It is cheaper for the patient

C
It is produced by E. coli in our intestine

D
There is no advantage
Solution
- Before the advent of rDNA technology, insulin was obtained from the pancreas of pigs and cows. There was a slight structural difference of 1-3 amino acids between the animal insulin and human insulin.
- When his animal insulin was administered by a diabetic patient he developed antibodies against the animal insulin thereby causing allergic reactions. However, humulin produced through the rDNA technique is similar to that of human insulin and does not cause any immunological problems. It is thus advantageous over conventional types of insulin.
So the correct answer is option A.
Question 4
1 / -0

Gene therapy has been successful in curing genetic diseases in laboratory animals through

A
Exposure to X-ray to rectify the defective gene

B
Replacing the defective gene with a functional gene

C
Oral delivery of genes

D
Use of therapeutic medicines to rectify the defective genes

Solution

B. Replacing the defective gene with a functional gene
Solution : Gene therapy has become successful because of the main fact that it can deliver and replace a defective gene with a functional gene.
So the correct answer is "Replacing the defective gene with a functional gene"
Question 5
1 / -0

Clot formation can be prevented by treatment with_______ in gene therapy.

A
DNAase

B
Recombinant vaccine

C
TPA

D
TGF-B

Solution

Tissue plasminogen activator (abbreviated tPA or PLAT) is a protein that is produced naturally by cells in the walls of blood vessels and catalyzes the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin. It is used to dissolve clots blocking coronary arteries in heart attack and cranial arteries in certain cases of stroke.
So the correct answer is option C.
Question 6
1 / -0

In the technique of recombinant insulin production, the genes for $$\alpha$$- and $$\beta$$ - polypeptides were inserted into the plasmid by the side of __________.

A
Antibiotic resistance gene

B
Lac Z promoter gene

C
$$\beta$$-galactosidase gene

D
Ori

Solution

The recombinant insulin is produced as an application of biotechnology, by the insertion of the genes for α and β polypeptides into the bacterial plasmid by the side of the beta-galactosidase gene. It is the gene that regulates the gene expression in a cell.
So the correct answer is option C.
Question 7
1 / -0

Polymerase chain reaction

A
Is a method of synthesising human protein from human DNA

B
Uses restriction enzymes

C
Can produce billions of copies of a DNA fragment

D
Takes place naturally in bacteria

Solution

C. Can produce billions of copies of a DNA fragment
Solution : PCR or polymerase chain reaction is technique used in RDT to amplify or create a many copies of a gene in a very short time.
So the correct answer is "Can produce billions of copies of a DNA fragment"
Question 8
1 / -0

Escherichia coli having plasmids for production of human insulin is cultured in medium containing __________.

A
Glucose

B
Maltose

C
Lactose

D
Sucrose
Solution
- Escherichia coli, the most studied microorganism, has been found to possess a variety of plasmid types including those associated with the production of human insulin.
- It is cultured in a medium containing lactose. If the lactose is absent then the repressor will not bind the operator allowing transcription of the lac operon genes. The repressor will bind the operator allowing transcription of the lac operon genes.
So, option C is the correct option.
Question 9
1 / -0

Human insulin is being commercially produced from transgenic species of _____________.

A
E. coli

B
Brassica napus

C
Bacillus thuringiensis

D
Agrobacterium

Solution

Human insulin is produced from genetically engineered E.coli. By using genetic engineering or recombinant DNA technology, insulin-producing genes from human beings have been transferred into E.coli. bacteria, which produced insulin called 'humulin' for clinical use. This type of insulin was produced commercially by an American pharmaceutical firm Eli Lily on 5th July, 1983.

So, the correct answer is 'E.coli'.
Question 10
1 / -0

Identify the wrong statements :

a) Genetic modifications in plants helped to reduce post-harvest losses
b) In Tobacco, cry genes are introduced against nematodes
c) In gene therapy, healthy genes are inserted into persons cells and tissues to treat diseases
d) Injustice, inadequate compensation, and benefit-sharing are related to molecular diagnosis

A
a, b, c

B
b, c, d

C
a, b, d

D
a, c, d
Solution
Nematode-specific gene was introduced into tobacco plant via Agrobacterium vector. The introduced DNA produced both sense and antisense RNA which were complementary to each other and formed dsRNA. This RNA interference caused the silencing of nematode-specific mRNA and was lethal for the survival of nematode in tobacco root cells.
Gene therapy is the treatment that is done for genetic diseases. This is the therapy that uses the genes for the treatment by replacing the defective gene.
The gene is inserted into the person's germ cells in order to treat the problem.
Injustice, inadequate compensation, and benefit-sharing are the terms used to express the problems related to biopiracy. It is the use of resources of the others without the proper consent of the person or the country.
So the correct answer is option B.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Biotechnology and its Applications Test - 30

Result

Biotechnology and its Applications Test - 30

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Human protein used to treat emphysema is $$\alpha$$-1-antitrypsin.

Human insulin is being commercially produced from a transgenic species of Agrobacterium tumefaciens.

Rosie, the first transgenic cow produced human protein enriched milk.

Cry Ab endotoxin obtained from Bacillus thuringiensis is effective against corn borers.

Genetically modified bacterium used as biopesticide is Bacillus thuringiensis.

Solution

Question 2

Adults only

Child or embryo only

Pregnant mothers only

Persons of any age and condition

Solution

Question 3

It does not cause immunological problems

It is cheaper for the patient

It is produced by E. coli in our intestine

There is no advantage

Solution

Question 4

Exposure to X-ray to rectify the defective gene

Replacing the defective gene with a functional gene

Oral delivery of genes

Use of therapeutic medicines to rectify the defective genes

Solution

Question 5

DNAase

Recombinant vaccine

TPA

TGF-B

Solution

Question 6

Antibiotic resistance gene

Lac Z promoter gene

$$\beta$$-galactosidase gene

Ori

Solution

Question 7

Is a method of synthesising human protein from human DNA

Uses restriction enzymes

Can produce billions of copies of a DNA fragment

Takes place naturally in bacteria

Solution

Question 8

Glucose

Maltose

Lactose

Sucrose

Solution

Question 9

E. coli

Brassica napus

Bacillus thuringiensis

Agrobacterium

Solution

Question 10

a, b, c

b, c, d

a, b, d

a, c, d

Solution

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