Biotechnology and its Applications Test

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Biotechnology and its Applications Test - 35

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

A genetic disorder can be cured through

A
rDNA technology

B
Embryo transfer

C
Gene therapy

D
All of these.

Solution

Gene therapy is a collection of methods, that allows correction of a gene defect that has been diagnosed in a child embryo.
Question 2
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The transgenic animals are those which have

A
Foreign RNA in all its cells

B
Foreign DNA in some of its cells

C
Foreign DNA in all its cells

D
Both A and C

Solution

Transgenic organism is one that has become transformed following the introduction of novel genes into its genome. It is most frequently achieved by integration of doned DNA sequences following their injection into the fertilised egg. This fertilised egg divides mitotically to form the whole organism so that all the cells of the organism will carry the transferred genes. The transferred genes are known as transgenes.
So, the correct answer is 'Foreign DNA in all its cells'.
Question 3
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Given are names of some transgenic animals. Identify the name of transgenic sheep.

A
Rosie

B
Dogie

C
Tracy

D
ANDI
Solution
Transgenic animals are animals (most common in mice) that have had a foreign gene deliberately inserted into their genome. Such animals are most commonly created by the microinjection of DNA into the pronuclei of a fertilised egg which is subsequently implanted into the oviduct of a pseudopregnant surrogate mother.
Theoretically, all living beings can be genetically manipulated. Animals. such as: sheep, goats, pigs, cows, rabbits, rats, mice, fish, insects, parasites and even humans have previously been used in this modification process.
Tracy was created from a zygote genetically engineered through DNA injection to produce milk containing large quantities of the human enzyme alpha-1 antitrypsin, a substance used to treat cystic fibrosis and emphysema.
So, the correct option is option C.
Question 4
1 / -0

Which of the following varieties are correctly matched to their respective plant types?
A CHS-I 1. Rice
B. IR-8 2. Wheat
C. RR-21 3. Jowar
D. HB-4 4. Sugarcane
5. Bajra

A
A-2, B-3, C-5, D-1

B
A-5, B-4, C-3, D-2

C
A-3, B-1, C-2, D-5

D
A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2

Solution

IR-8 is an improved variety of rice.
RR 21 is an improved variety of wheat.
CHS-I is an improved variety of Jowar.
HB-4 is an improved variety of Bajra.

So, the correct answer is 'A-3, B-1, C-2, D-5'

Question 5

1 / -0

Match column I with column II and select the correct answer from the given codes.
Column I Column II
A. Biopiracy (i) Effort to fix the non-functional gene
B. Biopatent (ii) Gene silencing
C. Gene therapy (ii) Illegal removal of biological materials
D. RNAi (iv) Right granted for biological entities

A - (iv), B - (ii), C - (i), D -(iii)

A - (ii), B - (iv), C - (i), D -(iii)

A - (iii), B - (iv), C - (i), D -(ii)

A - (iii), B - (iv), C - (ii), D -(i)

Solution

A. Biopiracy	The act of Piracy is unauthorized publication or reproduction of another person’s work or material. When someone indulges in piracy, the accused is using someone’s else’s work illegally or without taking any permission. Biopiracy is the appropriation of another’s knowledge of use of biological resources. Of late, the major issue involving biopiracy is the exploitation of patent biological resources or knowledge of farmers and traditional communities and indigenous tribes by many organizations and multinational companies. The innovations and discovery of the pharmaceutical and agricultural researches are not new as to qualify as invention as they are based on centuries of knowledge of the traditional societies. So the correct option is 'illegal removal of biological materials'.
B. Biopatent	A biological patent is a patent on an invention in the field of biology that by law allows the patent holder to exclude others from making, using, selling, or importing the protected invention for a limited period of time. The scope and reach of biological patents vary among jurisdictions, and may include biological technology and products, genetically modified organisms and genetic material. The applicability of patents to substances and processes wholly or partially natural in origin is a subject of debate. So the correct option is 'right granted for biological entities'.
C. Gene therapy	Gene therapy is the therapeutic delivery of nucleic acid into a patient's cells as a drug to treat disease. The first attempt at modifying human DNA was performed in 1980 by Martin Cline, but the first successful nuclear gene transfer in humans, approved by the National Institutes of Health, was performed in May 1989. The first therapeutic use of gene transfer as well as the first direct insertion of human DNA into the nuclear genome was performed by French Anderson in a trial starting in September 1990. So the correct option is 'effort to fix the non-functional gene'.
D. RNAi	RNA interference (RNAi) is a biological process in which RNA molecules inhibit gene expression or translation, by neutralizing targeted mRNA molecules. Historically, RNAi was known by other names, including co-suppression, post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS), and quelling. Since the discovery of RNAi and its regulatory potentials, it has become evident that RNAi has immense potential in suppression of desired genes. RNAi is now known as precise, efficient, stable and better than antisense technology for gene suppression. However, antisense RNA produced intracellularly by an expression vector may be developed and find utility as novel therapeutic agents. So the correct option is 'gene silencing'

Question 6
1 / -0

Which of the following is not a benefit of transgenic animals?

A
Investigation of new treatments for diseases

B
Early detection of diseases

C
Testing the safety of vaccines

D
To produce useful biological products
Solution
Correct option: B

Explanation:
Transgenic animals contain foreign or recombinant DNA which helps in understanding new treatments for diseases, check safety of vaccines and to produce biological useful products.
But these are not used to check early detection of diseases. Instead, PCR or ELISA is used for early detection of diseases.
Thus, Option B is correct.
Question 7
1 / -0

Rules of conduct that may be used to regulate our activities in relation to the biological world is called ___________.

A
Bioethics

B
Biowar

C
Biopatent

D
Biopiracy

Solution

Bioethics may be viewed as the set of standards that may be used to regulate various activities based on their effects on the biological world. This is because biotechnology has aroused social as well as political concerns, which have ranged from biotechnology being unnatural to detrimental to biodiversity.
Question 8
1 / -0

Select the incorrect matched pair.

A
Monoclonal antibodies - Hybridomas

B
PCR - Phenylketonuria

C
Bioweapons - Bacillus anthracis

D
Tracy - First transgenic animal for food production

Solution

- Hybridomas is a kind of hybrid cell which is produced by fusion of antibody producing lymphocyte with tumor cell and it is used to culture monoclonal antibody.
- PCR stands for Polymerase Chain Reaction which is used for early identification of Phenylketonuria, Sickle cell anaemia.
- Bacillus anthracis is one of the bioweapons which causes Anthrax disease.
- First transgenic animal for food production is Salmon while Tracy is transgenic sheep.
So, the correct option is option D.
Question 9
1 / -0

Biopiracy means

A
Use of biopatents

B
Thefts of plants and animals

C
Stealing of bioresources

D
Exploitation of bioresources without authentic permission

Solution

Biopiracy is exploitation of bioresources of a company by organisations and multinationals for commercial purpose with or without patent but without any Access and Benefit Sharing Agreement (ABA). Bioresources or biological resources are all those organisms which can provide commercial benefits. They are abundant in developing countries have traditional knowledge related in bioresources. On the other hand, developed countries are poor in bioresources but are rich in technology. Traditional knowledge helps in saving time, effort and expenditure in developing refined product for commercialisation. Therefore, based on traditional knowledge, institutions and companies of industrialised nations are collecting and exploiting bioresources of other nations by getting them patented. So, the correct answer is 'Exploitation of bioresources without authentic permission'.
Question 10
1 / -0

95% of the existing transgenic animals are

A
Fish

B
Pigs

C
Sheep

D
Mice

Solution

Transgenic rats, rabbits, pigs, sheep, cows and fish have been produced, althrough 95% of all existing transgenic animals are mice.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

A	CHS-I	1.	Rice
B.	IR-8	2.	Wheat
C.	RR-21	3.	Jowar
D.	HB-4	4.	Sugarcane
		5.	Bajra

Biotechnology and its Applications Test - 35

Result

Biotechnology and its Applications Test - 35

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Rank

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

rDNA technology

Embryo transfer

Gene therapy

All of these.

Solution

Question 2

Foreign RNA in all its cells

Foreign DNA in some of its cells

Foreign DNA in all its cells

Both A and C

Solution

Question 3

Rosie

Dogie

Tracy

ANDI

Solution

Question 4

A-2, B-3, C-5, D-1

A-5, B-4, C-3, D-2

A-3, B-1, C-2, D-5

A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2

Solution

Question 5

A - (iv), B - (ii), C - (i), D -(iii)

A - (ii), B - (iv), C - (i), D -(iii)

A - (iii), B - (iv), C - (i), D -(ii)

A - (iii), B - (iv), C - (ii), D -(i)

Solution

Question 6

Investigation of new treatments for diseases

Early detection of diseases

Testing the safety of vaccines

To produce useful biological products

Solution

Question 7

Bioethics

Biowar

Biopatent

Biopiracy

Solution

Question 8

Monoclonal antibodies - Hybridomas

PCR - Phenylketonuria

Bioweapons - Bacillus anthracis

Tracy - First transgenic animal for food production

Solution

Question 9

Use of biopatents

Thefts of plants and animals

Stealing of bioresources

Exploitation of bioresources without authentic permission

Solution

Question 10

Fish

Pigs

Sheep

Mice

Solution

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