Biotechnology and its Applications Test

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Biotechnology and its Applications Test - 49

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Gene can therapy can be referred to as

A
Pre-clinical testing for inherited diseases in newborns

B
Treatment of diseases caused by genetic defect

C
Genetic engineering using rDNA technology

D
Cancer treatment using in-vitro cultured stem cells

Solution

Gene therapy is a collection of methods, that allows correction of gene defect that has been diagnosed in a child/embryo. Correcting of a genetic defect involves delivery of a normal gene into the individual or embryo to take over the function of and compensate for the non-functional gene.
Question 2
1 / -0

Study the following steps which are followed during the process of gene therapy while treating a patient of SCID
(i) Retrovirus infects lymphocytes extracted from bone marrow of the patient and cultured.
(ii) Engineered cells are injected into patient's bone marrow.
(iii) Normal allele is inserted into a retrovirus.
(iv) Retrovirus makes a DNA copy of its RNA. This DNA carrying the normal allele gets inserted into the chromosome of the host cell.
Arrange the above given steps in correct sequence and select the correct answer.

A
(iii), (i), (ii) (iv)

B
(iii), (i), (iv), (ii)

C
(iv), (ii), (iii), (i)

D
(iv), (iii), (i), (ii)

Solution

While treating a patient of SCID, the normal allele is inserted into the retrovirus, it infects the lymphocytes, DNA with normal gene gets inserted, engineered cells are inserted in the patients bone marrow.
So, the correct option is '(iii), (i), (iv), (ii)'
Question 3
1 / -0

What might be an advantage of beginning gene therapy prior to birth?

A
This would give the body plenty of time to utilize the new genes.

B
The body would not reject it as it has not yet recognized 'self'.

C
The cells being extremely young. are more receptive of gene therapy.

D
There probably is not any advantage.

Solution

Gene therapy is a newly emerging branch of biotechnology with tremendous results. It is basically used for correcting genetic disorders. In gene therapy, normal genes are introduced in the cells to replace the missing genes or defective genes.
Early gene therapy has been proved to be more effective in treating certain brain diseases in humans. They have also shown exemplary results in mice.
When a child is born, he has its innate immunity, which does not allow any foreign body to settle into its own body easily. But before birth, it has not yet recognized itself, so therapy would be easily accepted.
So the correct answer is B.
Question 4
1 / -0

Which of the following statements is not correct?

A
Insulin used for diabetic patients was earlier extracted from pancreas of slaughtered cattle and pigs which was more efficient than that the genetically engineered insulin

B
PCR technique is applied to detect HIV in Suspected AIDS patients and to detect mutations in genes in suspected cancer patients

C
Bone marrow transplantation requires periodic infusion of genetically engineered lymphocytes

D
Bio-remediation is the one of the applications of biotechnology

Solution

Earlier, insulin used for curing diabetes used to be extracted from pancreas of slaughtered pigs and cattle. This insulin was slightly different from human insulin and caused some undesirable side effects such as allergy. Genetically engineered insulin is a far more efficient.
Question 5
1 / -0

Animals that have their DNA manipulated to process and express a foreign gene are called

A
Transgenic animals

B
Somatic hybrids

C
Somaclones

D
Super animals

Solution

The animals which carry foreign genes are called transgenic animals. The foreign genes inserted into the genome of the animal using recombinant DNA technology are called transgenes.
Question 6
1 / -0

What is ANDi?

A
Transgenic cow

B
Transgenic dog

C
Transgenic sheep

D
Transgenic monkey

Solution

ANDi, is the first transgenic monkey. It has been named ANDi, the acronym of "inserted DNA". In this DNA of a fluorescent jellyfish was introduced into an unfertilised egg of a Rhesus monkey in a test tube.
So, the correct answer is 'Transgenic monkey'
Question 7
1 / -0

A human protein which is obtained from transgenic animals and is used to treat emphysema is

A
Alpha-lactalbumin

B
Thyroxine

C
$$\alpha-1$$-antitrypsin

D
Insulin.

Solution

A human protein which is obtained from transgenic animals and is used to treat emphysema is α−1-antitrypsin. Transgenic animals that produce useful biological products can be created by the introduction of the portion of DNA which codes for particular product such as human proteins.
So, the correct option is 'Option C' .
Question 8
1 / -0

Match column I with column II and select the correct answer from the given codes.
Column I Column II
A. $$\alpha-1$$-antitrypsin (i) AIDS
B. Transposon (ii) Gene therapy
C. ELISA (iii) Emphysema
D. Retroviral vector (iv) Mobile genetic element

A
A-(i), B-(iii), C-(ii), D-(iv)

B
A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(i), D-(ii)

C
A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(iv)

D
A-(iii), B-(i), C-(ii), D-(iv)

Solution

Column I Column II
A. α−1-antitrypsin (iii) Emphysema
B. Transposon (iv) Mobile genetic element
C. ELISA (i) AIDS
D. Retroviral vector (ii) Gene therapy
So, the correct option is 'Option B' .
Question 9
1 / -0

Indian farmers are unhappy over the introduction of ;Terminator Seed Technology' because the seeds produced by this technology are expected to

A
Give rise to sexually sterile plants

B
Form low-yielding plants despite the high quality

C
Show poor germination

D
Give rise to the plants incapable of forming viable seeds

Solution

Terminator gene technology refers to plants that have been genetically modified to render sterile seeds at harvest, it is also called Genetic Use Restriction Technology or GURT. Terminator technology was developed by the multinational seed / agrochemical industry and the united-states govt. to prevent farmers from saving and replanting harvested seed. The terminator gene technology, or genetic use restriction technology (GURT), is the genetic modification of plants to make them produce sterile seeds in second generation which is also famous as a “suicide seeds”. Terminator alters the expression of certain genes in plants so that plants terminate their reproductive switch, about the embryo and make themselves sterile. Such plants then produce seed that cannot germinate. This technology was patented by U.S. Department of Agriculture and the seed company, Delta and Pine Land Company – a subsidiary of the seeds and agrochemical multinational Monsanto/American Home products.
So the correct option is 'give rise to sexually sterile plants'.
Question 10
1 / -0

Read the following statements regarding ELISA and select the incorrect one.

A
It is used for the early diagnosis of diseases.

B
It is based on the principle of antigen-antibody interaction.

C
Infection by pathogen can be detected by the presence of antigens like proteins and glycoproteins.

D
None of these

Solution

A widely used diagnostic test for AIDS is enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) .It is used for the early diagnosis of AIDS and based on the principle of antigen-antibody interaction. ELISA detects the infection by screening antigens like proteins and glycoproteins present in RNA genome of retroviruses.
So, the correct option is 'Option D' .

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Biotechnology and its Applications Test - 49

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Biotechnology and its Applications Test - 49

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Pre-clinical testing for inherited diseases in newborns

Treatment of diseases caused by genetic defect

Genetic engineering using rDNA technology

Cancer treatment using in-vitro cultured stem cells

Solution

Question 2

(iii), (i), (ii) (iv)

(iii), (i), (iv), (ii)

(iv), (ii), (iii), (i)

(iv), (iii), (i), (ii)

Solution

Question 3

This would give the body plenty of time to utilize the new genes.

The body would not reject it as it has not yet recognized 'self'.

The cells being extremely young. are more receptive of gene therapy.

There probably is not any advantage.

Solution

Question 4

Insulin used for diabetic patients was earlier extracted from pancreas of slaughtered cattle and pigs which was more efficient than that the genetically engineered insulin

PCR technique is applied to detect HIV in Suspected AIDS patients and to detect mutations in genes in suspected cancer patients

Bone marrow transplantation requires periodic infusion of genetically engineered lymphocytes

Bio-remediation is the one of the applications of biotechnology

Solution

Question 5

Transgenic animals

Somatic hybrids

Somaclones

Super animals

Solution

Question 6

Transgenic cow

Transgenic dog

Transgenic sheep

Transgenic monkey

Solution

Question 7

Alpha-lactalbumin

Thyroxine

$$\alpha-1$$-antitrypsin

Insulin.

Solution

Question 8

A-(i), B-(iii), C-(ii), D-(iv)

A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(i), D-(ii)

A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(iv)

A-(iii), B-(i), C-(ii), D-(iv)

Solution

Question 9

Give rise to sexually sterile plants

Form low-yielding plants despite the high quality

Show poor germination

Give rise to the plants incapable of forming viable seeds

Solution

Question 10

It is used for the early diagnosis of diseases.

It is based on the principle of antigen-antibody interaction.

Infection by pathogen can be detected by the presence of antigens like proteins and glycoproteins.

None of these

Solution

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