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Biotechnology and its Applications Test - 50

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Biotechnology and its Applications Test - 50
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Weekly Quiz Competition
  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Given below are certain features of mice. Read them and select why mice is most preferred animal for studies on gene transfer.

    (i) Short estrous cycle and gestation period
    (ii) Relatively short generation time
    (iii) Convenient in vitro fertilisation
    (iv) Production of several offspring per pregnancy 

    Solution
    Mouse is the most preferred animal for studies on gene transfer due to many favourable features like short oestrous cycle and gestation period, relatively short generation time, production of several offspring per pregnancy, convenient in vitro fertilisation, successful culture of embryo in vitro, etc.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Giant mouse has been produced through
    Solution
    Transgenic mouse is larger because expression of the gene for human growth factor has been introduced into it.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Select the correct options to fill up the blanks.
    (i) ______enzymes is crucial for the immune system to function and its absence is caused by the deletion of a gene.
    (ii) Insulin consists of _____and _____that are linked together by ____.
    (iii) Transgenic mice are being used to test the safety of the _____.
    (iv)______involves silencing of a specific mRNA due to a complementary dsRNA molecule that binds to and prevents translation of the mRNA. 
    Solution
    • Adenosine deaminase enzymes is crucial for the immune system to function and its absence is caused by the deletion of a gene. It is cured by the gene therapy.
    • Insulin consists of chain A and chain B that are linked together by disulphide bridges. 
    •  Transgenic mice are being used to test the safety of the polio vaccine.
    • RNAi involves silencing of a specific mRNA due to a complementary dsRNA molecule that binds to and prevents translation of the mRNA. 
    So, the correct option is 'Option A' .
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Use of bio-resources by multinational companies and other organizations without proper authorization from the concerned countries and  without compensatory payment is termed as _______
    Solution
    Biopiracy is exploitation of bioresources of a company by organisations and multinationals for commercial purpose with or without patent but without any Access and Benefit Sharing Agreement (ABA). Bioresources or biological resources are all those organisms which can provide commercial benefits. They are abundant in developing countries have traditional knowledge related in bioresources. On the other hand, developed countries are poor in bioresources but are rich in technology. Traditional knowledge helps in saving time, effort and expenditure in developing refined product for commercialisation. Therefore, based on traditional knowledge, institutions and companies of industrialised nations are collecting and exploiting bioresources of other nations by getting them patented. 
    So, the correct answer is 'Biopiracy'.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Some of the steps involved in the production of humulin are given. Choose the correct sequence (i) Synthesis of gene (DNA) for human insulin artificially (ii) Culturing recombinant E.coli in bioreactors (iii) Purification of humulin (iv) Insertion of human insulin gene into plasmid (v) Introduction of recombinant plasmid into E. coli (vi) Extraction of recombinant gene product from E. coli.
    Solution
    The correct sequence is
    1.Synthesis of the gene for human insulin artificially.
    2.Insertion of human insulin.
    3.Introduction of recombinant plasmid into E.coli
    4. Culturing recombinant E.coli in bioreactors.
    5.Extraction of a recombinant gene product from E.
    6.Purification of Humulin.
    So, the correct option is 'i, iv, v, ii, vi, iii'.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which kind of therapy was given in $$1990$$ to a four-year-old girl with Adenosine Deaminase(ADA) deficiency?
    Solution
    First successful gene transfer in human was performed by F.Anderson. Ashi Disilva a 4-year girl was treated by replacing ADA gene in lymphocytes.
    The girl was suffering from Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID). Gene therapy was used for the treatment of ADA deficiency.
    So, the correct option is 'Gene therapy'.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    What was the amount of Alpha-lactalbumin in the milk of transgenic cow?
    Solution
    Alpha-lactalbumin is a major milk whey protein. It is involved in the process of lactose synthesis. The first transgenic cow was produced with human alpha-lactalbumin gene introduced into it. The milk of transgenic cow contained about 2.4 grams/lit of human protein.
    Thus, the correct answer is '2.4 grams/lit.'
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Which one of the following statement is incorrect?
    Solution
    • Plant breeding is a method of altering the genetic pattern of plants to increase their value and utility for human welfare. It is a purposeful manipulation of plants to create desired plant types that are better suited for cultivation, give better yield and are disease resistant.
    •  Hybridization is the production of new varieties by crossing two or more plants having a different genetical constitution. 
    • Mutation breeding is a quick way to introduce sudden changes in the genome of the plant.
    •  Hence, Plant breeding is the fastest method to obtained improved varieties statement is incorrect.
    • So, the correct answer is 'Plant breeding is the fastest method to obtained improved varieties',
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Transgenic plants are
    Solution
    Transgenic plants are generated with the help of recombinant DNA technology (RDT). Recombinant DNA is a DNA that constitute genes or parts of genes from two or more organisms, usually of different species (or is specifically the gene of interest). Thus, transgenic plants are generated by incorporating foreign DNA into the target organism, and it helps in the formation of the transgenic plant. Transgenic plants are also known as the GMO as the process of genetic engineering and RDT plays an important role in their development.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Immune deficiency disorder, which occurs due to mutation in a gene, involved in the maturation of T and B lymphocytes is ________.
    Solution
    • Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus or IDDM is an immune deficiency disorder. It occurs due to a mutation in a gene involved in insulin-producing β cells in the pancreas. 
    • Hashimoto's disease is an autoimmune disorder that results in hypothyroidism. It results in defects in the maturation of T lymphocytes. 
    • Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is an immunodeficiency syndrome. It occurs due to a mutation in the gene involved in the maturation of T and B lymphocytes. 
    • Pernicious anemia is also called as vitamin B$$_{12}$$ deficiency syndrome. It results due to a lack of intrinsic factor. 
    Thus, the correct answer is 'Hashimoto disease and SCID.'
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