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Organisms and Populations Test - 21

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Organisms and Populations Test - 21
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Which of the following statements regarding species interdependence are true?
    A. An association of two species where one is benefited and other remains unaffected is called mutualism.
    B. An interspecific association where both partners derive benefit from each other is called commensalism.
    C. A direct food relation between two species of animals in which one animal kills and feeds on another is referred as predation.
    D. A relationship between two species of organism where both the partners are benefited from each other is called as symbiosis.
    Solution
    Mutualism is a mutually beneficial relationship between individuals of two different species. None of the two is capable of living separately e.g., nitrogen fixing Rhizobium bacteria living in root nodules of leguminous plants.
    Symbiosis and mutualism are synonyms.
    Commensalism is an interaction in which one organism is benefited and the other is neither benefited nor harmed, example barnacles are often attached to the surface of whales for shelter and obtaining more food.
    In predation one organism called as predator captures, kills and eats another organism, called as prey. Predators are generally carnivorous but some herbivorous animals, which destroy whole plants or seeds are also called as predators e.g., big cats like lion, tiger etc., birds feeding on seeds of plants etc.
    Therefore the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Territoriality occurs as a result of
    Solution
    Territoriality is an important characteristic of Intraspecific competition. It refers to the establishment of territories in animals as means of pushing out the extra number, securing shelter, mate and even food. A definite hostility is present between members of different territories in order to safeguard their interests. Density-dependent reduction in natality, parental care, aggregations and dominance - subordination are methods to reduce intraspecific competition and protect the interest of individuals.
    Thus, the correct answer is option D. 
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    When one organism is benefited without affecting the other, the interaction is called as
    Solution
    In commensalism, one species is benefitted without the other being harmed. It is of two types periodic contact and continuous contact. 
    Some examples of periodic contact commensalism are jackal and hyenas accompanying big cats like tiger or lions for eating small bits of left over of prey's body; sucker fish attaches to underside of shark and feed on small left over when shark is feeding.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Viscum album grows on trees. This is an example of
    Solution
    Viscum album is a partial parasite with green leaves. It grows parasitically on trees and derives nutrition from it. Predation is a type of interaction in which one organism kills another. In commensalism, one organism is benefitted and other is neither benefited nor harmed. Symbiosis is a mutually beneficial interaction. Thus, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Drosera catches insects by means of
    Solution
    Drosera is commonly called sundew plant. In this plant leaves are circular like a spoon and possess a large number of sticky hairs, called tentacles. When insects come into contact with tentacles, they arch over and bind it. The captured insect is digested by proteolytic secretions from the leaf. Tentacles show seismonastic movement.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Drosera and Sarracenia are
    Solution
    Drosera and Sarracenia are insectivorous plants and are found in nitrogen poor water logged swamp habitat. These green plants synthesize their own food but they cannot take nitrogen from soil. Such plants obtain their nitrogen from small insects and are hence called carnivorous plants.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Biggest flower belongs to a plant which is
    Solution

    Rafflesia is the largest and most magnificent flower in the world. It is total root parasite found in sea shores of Java and Sumatra and Sri Lanka. Vegetative parts of Rafflesia are highly reduced, represented by cellular filaments. These filaments which are the main part of the body resides inside the plant host. Hence, the correct answer is option D.

  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Loranthus is a 
    Solution
    Loranthus is a partial stem parasite. Loranthus is similar to viscum growing on Acacia, mango, Dalbergia, Albizzia etc.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Viscum is
    Solution
    Viscum album (commonly called as mistletoe) is a partial stem parasite. It is capable of photosynthesizing and manufacturing its own food. It is a hemiparasite on several species of trees, from which it draws water and nutrients. It is also a flavoring agent and it is used to cure respiratory and circulatory disorders. The sticky juice of its berries is used to make adhesive for the birds.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Which one of the following is an insectivorous plant?
    Solution
    Orobanche, Balanophora and Rafflesia are obligate total root parasite. Drosera is sundew plant and is an insectivorous plant. The captured insect is digested by proteolytic secretions from the leaf. Thus, the correct answer is option D.
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