Organisms and Populations Test

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Organisms and Populations Test - 39

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

This is a typical food web in a pond.
................. in this food web are in direct competition.

A
Bass and minnows

B
Minnows and sunfish

C
Frogs and sunfish

D
Bass and algae

E
Frogs and algae

Solution

Bass is not a competition with any other as it is sitting top of trophic level in the food chain and it will consumer Minnows, frogs and sunfish. So A and D options are eliminated. Algae is also not in a competition with any of them because they are producers, so option E is also eliminated.
Minnow are at second trophic level and again not in competition with sunfish which is going to consume minnows, so option B is also eliminated which means option C is correct which is true as both Sunfish and frogs are at third trophic level which is in direct competition with each other for consumption of minnows which is present at second trophic level.
Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
Question 2
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Which of the following shows that predators are beneficial to communities?

A
They control the prey population growth

B
They practice predation harvest

C
Predators enhance species diversity

D
Both A and B

E
All of the above

Solution

Predators keep a check on population size of prey and thereby prevent overuse of resources. Predation removes sick and less fit individual which are more prone to predation as comapred to fit individuals. It also prevents its species to become dominant and to reach their carrying capacity thereby making space for coexisting competiting prey species. This in turn increases species diversity and reduces competition exclusion. Thus, the correct answer is option E.
Question 3
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An example of exploitative competition is

A
A woodpecker and a wren

B
A sturgeon and a minnow

C
A mouse and a mole

D
A lichen and a rock

E
Mistletoe and a tree

Solution

Ecologically, competition refers to the interaction between the organisms or species wherein the fitness of one lowers the presence of others. There are many reasons for competition and limited resources are one of the factors. Competition further classified on the basis of mechanism, and species. Based on mechanism competition can be interference,- where the organisms fight for scarce resources, exploitative- where the organisms interact indirectly by consuming scarce resources or apparent- which occurs indirectly between two species as these are preyed upon by the same predator. woodpecker and wren is an example of exploitative competition.
Question 4
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The competitive exclusion principle can be best explained when

A
Predators exert a cyclic effect on the population size of their prey.

B
Two populations in the same ecosystem cannot occupy the same niche.

C
Pollutants accumulate in greater concentrations at higher trophic levels.

D
The trophic structure of ecosystems describes energy flow through a community.

E
An ecosystem has limited resources and cannot support an unlimited population.

Solution

The competitive exclusion principle also referred to as Gause's law states that two species in the same ecosystem but different niche competing for the same resource cannot coexist at constant population values if other ecological factors remain constant. Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Question 5
1 / -0

The number of people that can be supported by the environmental resources without the degradation of environment is known as

A
Carrying capacity

B
Population density

C
Limiting factor

D
$$K$$-selection

E
$$r$$-selection

Solution

When the necessary conditions for sustaining life are adequately available, like the food, habitat, water, the maximum number of members of a species that the environment can sustain indefinitely can be called as the carrying capacity of the environment. Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 6
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The growth pattern demonstrated by population at time 1 is

A
Gradual

B
Declining

C
Continual

D
Oscillating

E
Exponential

Solution

The growth pattern that is demonstrated at time 1 is exponential growth. Exponential growth is growth that increases at a consistent rate which is seen at time 1 in the graph.
Question 7
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The role of predators in an ecosystem is

A
Help the community by keeping the number of prey from outstripping their resources

B
Help the prey population by removing the sick and less fit individuals

C
Enhance species diversity

D
Reduce the possibility of competitive exclusion

E
All of the above

Solution

Predators keep a check on population size of prey and thereby prevent overuse of resources. Predation removes sick and less fit individual which are more prone to predation as compared to fit individuals. It also prevents its species to become dominant and to reach their carrying capacity thereby making space for coexisting competiting prey species. This in turn increases species diversity and reduces competition exclusion. Thus, the correct answer is option E.
Question 8
1 / -0

In which of these relationships one species harms the other species?
I. Commensalism
II. Predation
III. Herbivory

A
I only

B
III only

C
I and II

D
II and III

E
I, II, and III

Solution

Commensalism refers to the relationship wherein one organism is benefitted while other remains unaffected. Predation refers to the act of feeding on other animals; prey is harmed while the predator is benefitted. Herbivory refers to feeding on plants and plant products; the herbivore is benefitted while plants are harmed. Thus, the correct answer is D.
Question 9
1 / -0

The population growth in the graph is best described by

A
On day 1, the resources of the population limit its growth

B
On day 2, the birthrate per individual is greater than on day 1

C
On day 3, the population size is equal to K

D
On day 4, the curve is most similar an exponential growth curve

E
On day 5, the number of deaths approaches the number of births
Question 10
1 / -0

Interspecific resource competition is shown by

A
Hare and rat

B
Rat and beetle

C
Hawk and tree

D
Deer and hare

E
Hawk and hare

Solution

Interspecific competition occurs between organisms having the same niche (same functional space in the ecosystem). Among the given examples, both hare and deer are herbivores and compete for common food resources. Rats and beetles are omnivores while hawk feeds on carrion. The tree is an autotroph. Thus, the correct answer is D.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Organisms and Populations Test - 39

Result

Organisms and Populations Test - 39

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Bass and minnows

Minnows and sunfish

Frogs and sunfish

Bass and algae

Frogs and algae

Solution

Question 2

They control the prey population growth

They practice predation harvest

Predators enhance species diversity

Both A and B

All of the above

Solution

Question 3

A woodpecker and a wren

A sturgeon and a minnow

A mouse and a mole

A lichen and a rock

Mistletoe and a tree

Solution

Question 4

Predators exert a cyclic effect on the population size of their prey.

Two populations in the same ecosystem cannot occupy the same niche.

Pollutants accumulate in greater concentrations at higher trophic levels.

The trophic structure of ecosystems describes energy flow through a community.

An ecosystem has limited resources and cannot support an unlimited population.

Solution

Question 5

Carrying capacity

Population density

Limiting factor

$$K$$-selection

$$r$$-selection

Solution

Question 6

Gradual

Declining

Continual

Oscillating

Exponential

Solution

Question 7

Help the community by keeping the number of prey from outstripping their resources

Help the prey population by removing the sick and less fit individuals

Enhance species diversity

Reduce the possibility of competitive exclusion

All of the above

Solution

Question 8

I only

III only

I and II

II and III

I, II, and III

Solution

Question 9

On day 1, the resources of the population limit its growth

On day 2, the birthrate per individual is greater than on day 1

On day 3, the population size is equal to K

On day 4, the curve is most similar an exponential growth curve

On day 5, the number of deaths approaches the number of births

Question 10

Hare and rat

Rat and beetle

Hawk and tree

Deer and hare

Hawk and hare

Solution

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