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Organisms and Populations Test - 41

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Organisms and Populations Test - 41
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    A red-tailed hawk hunts, kills and eats a squirrel. What role does the squirrel play in this interaction? 
    Solution
    A. Producers are the green plants that convert solar radiations into chemical energy. They are the photosynthetic plants and their kind varies with the kind of the ecosystem. For example, in a dense forest, the tress are the producers, in lakes and ponds, the rooted or large floating plants and microscopic plants (phytoplankton) are the producers.
    B. Predator is the organism that feeds on others for its food.
    C. Host is an organism that harbours another organism. It may be a plant , animal, parasite, symbiont etc.
    D. Scavenger is an organism that has the feeding behaviour of both herbivores and carnivores. It feeds on the dead plant and animal material which is present in its habitat.
    E. Prey is an organism that is eaten by another organism, the predator.
    Hence, if red-tailed hawk hunts, kills and eats a squirrel, then the hawk will be a predator and the squirrel will be the prey for hawk.
    So, the correct answer is 'Prey'.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Which of these best describes population density? 
    Solution
    A. Carrying capacity is the maximum population size that an environment can sustain.
    B. Rapid increase in the number of individuals in an area shows the exponential phase of a sigmoid population growth curve.
    C. Demography is the branch of science that deals with the study of population and its characteristics.
    D. Community is a group of populations of different species in a given area.
    E. Number of individuals per unit area is called population density. The complete count of individuals in an area is called census.
    So, the correct answer is 'Number of individuals per unit area'.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Which are density-dependent factors that limit population size?
     I. Disease
     II. Space
     III. Earthquake
    Solution
    Population density is the number of individuals per unit area.
    I. Disease is a density dependent factor because more the number of individuals are there in a given area, more is the chances of people getting affected by the disease. 
    II. Space is the area where any activity can be carried out. More the number of individuals in a given area, less will be the space. Hence, it is also a density dependent factor.
    III. Earthquake is a natural calamity that occurs due to the tactic movement of plates under the earth's surface. It is neither dependent on a population size, nor the area. It happens suddenly at its own. Hence, it is not a density dependent factor.
    So, the correct answer is 'I and II only'.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    The population size that an environment can sustain is called the 
    Solution
    The carrying capacity of an environment is the maximum population it can support with available resources. Carrying capacity is one of the limiting factors for population increase.
    So, the correct answer is 'Carrying capacity'
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Adventure world and Fun Park are 30 miles apart. Both amusement parks have thriving pigeon populations. People drop food throughout both parks, providing the main food source for the pigeons.
    Adventure world has the more exciting rides and Fun Park is forced to close when it is unable to bring in enough people to cover operating costs. Upon closing, wildlife from the surrounding areas begins to take over.
    In terms of evolutionary change, what is likely to happen to the two pigeon populations in the future?
    Solution
    The adventure world population will change more significantly as it will infiltrated by wildlife from the surrounding area, which would change the diversity in the area
    So, the correct answer is 'The adventure world population will change more significantly than the fun park population'
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    All the following interaction are mutualism, except
    Solution
    Mutualism is the positive interaction in which two organisms live close together and benefit each other equally such as mycorrhiza, plant and animal relation for pollination and lichens. Whereas, cattle egret and grazing cattle possess the symbiotic relationship but not mutualistic because they show commensalism in which cattle egret feed on the bugs and flies that irritate the grazing cattle. In such relation, one organism gets the benefit and other is unaffected. Thus, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    All of the following are characteristics of r-strategists except
    Solution
    r strategy or r/k selection theory describes the selection of combination of traits in an organism. The characteristics of r strategists are :
    1. Population has a short life span.
    2. No care is given to offspring.
    3. Population never reaches the reproductive potential, hence reproduce early in life.
    4. More offspring are produced than those can survive.
    Hence, large offspring are not the characteristics of r strategists.
    So, the correct answer is 'Large offspring'.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Using lady beetles to prey upon aphids and mealy bugs is an example of 
    Solution
    A. Resource allocation is the use of available resources to achieve a goal.
    B. Biological control method is the use of an organism to get rid of other organism which may be harmful or non beneficial.
    C. Biological magnification is the increase in concentration of a substance at each successive trophic level of a food chain.
    D. Insecticides are the chemicals used to get rid of harmful insects and their increased use can lead to deterioration of soil quality.
    E. Invasive species is the species that is not native to a specific area. 
    Since, use of lady beetles to get rid of aphids and mealy bugs is involving the use of one organism to get rid of another organism, it is an example of biological control method.
    So, the correct answer is 'A biological control method'.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Various relationships exist between the species of a community. Identify the relationship between the species of a community described.
    Barnacles attach to a whale's skin. The moving water carries food particles to the barnacles while the whale is neither harmed nor helped.
    Solution
    A. Mutualism is a relationship between two or more organisms in which all are benefitted by one another.
    B. Commensalism is a relationship between two different organisms in which one is always benefitted while the other is neither benefitted nor harmed.
    C. Predation describes the eating of one species by other.
    D. Competition is a rivalry between two or more organisms for obtaining the same resources such as food, shelter, etc.
    E. Parasitism is an interaction between two individuals where the parasite gets the benefit at the expense of the host.
    Hence, when Barnacles attach to a whale's skin and the moving water carries food particles to the barnacles while the whale is neither harmed nor helped, this shows commensalism.
    So, the correct answer is 'Commensalism'.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Various relationships exist between the species of a community. Identify the relationship between the species of a community described.
    Flowers provide insects with nectar and pollen for food and insects help flowers to reproduce 
    Solution
    A. Mutualism is a relationship between two or more organisms in which all are benefitted by one another.
    B. Commensalism is a relationship between two different organisms in which one is always benefitted while the other is neither benefitted nor harmed.
    C. Predation describes the eating of one species by other.
    D. Competition is a rivalry between two or more organisms for obtaining the same resources such as food, shelter, etc.
    E. Parasitism is an interaction between two individuals where the parasite gets the benefit at the expense of the host.
    Hence, when Flowers provide insects with nectar and pollen for food and insects help flowers to reproduce by pollination, this shows that both the flowers and insects are benefitted from each other. So, this shows Mutualism.
    So, the correct answer is 'Mutualism'.
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