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Organisms and Populations Test - 55

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Organisms and Populations Test - 55
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    To which of the following interactions both partners adversely affected ?
    Solution
    Competition is a type of relationship which is harmful to both the organisms.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    A decline in population size will be in simulation, when
    Solution
    Natality in population ecology is the scientific term for birth rate. Along with the mortality rate, natality rate is used to calculate the dynamics of a population. They are the key factors in determining whether a population is increasing, decreasing or staying the same in size. When mortality is greater than natality, this indicates a decline in population size and vice versa.

    So, the correct answer is 'A'.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    In which of the following, parasitic castration is observed ?
    Solution
    Parasitic castration is the alteration or destruction of gonad tissues by the parasites.
    In Carcina maenas, Sacculina carcini is the parasitic castrator and it causes the degeneration of the androgenic gland.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    A cuckoo laying eggs in the nest of other species of birds is an example of 
    Solution
    Brood parasites are organisms that rely on others to raise their young. The strategy appears among birds, insects and some fish. The brood parasite manipulates a host, either of the same or of another species, to raise its young as if it were it's own, using brood mimicry, for example by having eggs that resemble the host's (egg mimicry).  Most birds lay eggs in their own nests. But brood parasites, such as cuckoos and cowbirds, lay their eggs in the nests of other bird species. This often happens with cuckoos.

    So, the correct answer is 'Brood parasitism'.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Choose the wrong combination
    (a) Mutualism - + +
    (b) Commensalism - + 0
    (c) Parasitism - ++
    (d) Competition - 0 - 

    Solution
    a) Mutualism is a type of relationship which is only beneficial to both the organisms. It is denoted by (+,+)
    b) Commensalism is a type of relationship which is beneficial for one organism and has no effect on the other organism. It is denoted by (+,0)
    c) Parasitism is a type of relationship which is beneficial for one organism but harmful to the other. It is denoted by (+,-)
    d) Competition is a type of relationship which is harmful to both the organisms. It is denoted by (-,-)
    So the correct option is C.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    The number of individuals of the same species that have come home from elsewhere during the time period under consideration is known as 
    Solution
    • Immigration is the is the permanent arrival of new individuals into the population. These individuals are of the same species as the rest of the population, and they increase the size of the population as they join the group.
    • Mortality rate (also called the death rate), which is the number of deaths per 1000 individuals per unit of time.
    • Emigration is the permanent movement of individuals out of a population.
    • Natality in population ecology is the scientific term for birth rate.

    So, the correct answer is 'D'.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Connel's field experiment  on rocky seacoast of Scotland , where larger barnacles (Balanus ) dominate the intertidal area and remove the smaller barnales (Cathamalus). This happens due to
    Solution

    Connel's experiment explained that two species of barnacles live in a stratified distribution in the intertidal region along the Scottish coast. Balanus is observed to be most concentrated in the lower intertidal area whereas Chthamalus is observed to be most concentrated in the upper intertidal area.

    In experiment 1, Connell removed Chthamalus from the upper area, and no Balanus replaced it. This showed that balanus could not survive in an area with low tides.

    In experiment 2, Connell removed Balanus from the lower area and Chthamalus replaced it. This showed that balanus was a more successful competitor in the lower intertidal zone.

    This proves that competition occurs in nature between Balanus and Chthamalus.

  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    All the following interactions are mutualism , except
    Solution
    Cattle's egret and grazing cattle exhibits commensalism interaction. So, option D is wrong.
    So the correct option is D.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    With reference to competitive exclusion, which one of the following became extinct when browsing goats were introduced in Galapagos islands?
    Solution
    Competition is struggling by the organisms for the same resources like food, shelter and sex. The competition is between two organisms belonging to the same species, this is called intraspecific competition. The competition between organisms belonging to different species is called interspecific competition. For example- in some shallow South American lakes visiting flamingoes and resident fishes compete for their common food, the zooplankton in the lake. Resources need not be limiting for competition to occur. For example- Abingdon tortoise in Galapagos Islands became extinct within a decade after goats were introduced on the island, apparently due to the greater browsing efficiency of the goats.

    So, the correct answer is 'Abingdon tortoise'.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Association that includes herbivores and phytophagous 
    Solution
    Phytophagous insects are generally considered to be those that feed on green plants. They include species that attack roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits, either as larvae or as adults or in both stages. Phytophagous is often synonymous with “herbivorous. Predation is a biological interaction where one organism, the predator, kills and eats another organism, its prey.

    So, the correct answer is 'C'.
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