Organisms and Populations Test

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Organisms and Populations Test - 56

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Gause's principle of competitive exclusion states that

A
Larger organisms exclude smaller ones through competition.

B
More abundant species will exclude the less abundant species through competition.

C
Competition for the same resources excluding species having different food preferences.

D
No two species can occupy the same niche indefinitely for the same limiting resource.

Solution

The competitive exclusion principle, sometimes referred to as Gause's Law of competitive exclusion or just Gause's Law, states that two species that compete for the exact same resources cannot stably coexist. One of the two competitors will always have an ever so slight advantage over the other that leads to extinction of the second competitor in the long run (in a hypothetical non-evolving system) or (in the real world) to an evolutionary shift of the inferior competitor towards a different ecological niche. As a consequence, competing related species often evolve distinguishing characteristics in areas where they both coexist.

So, the correct answer is 'D'.
Question 2
1 / -0

The interaction observed in this diagram is

A
Commensalism

B
Competition

C
Mutualism

D
Predation

Solution

Predation is the association in which one organism feeds on the other for its food. This diagram represents the predation process.
So the correct option is D.
Question 3
1 / -0

I II
(i) Competition (a) Tapeworm and man
(ii) Commercialism (b) Lichen
(iii) Mutualism (c) Cattle regret and cattle
(iv) Parasitism (d) Lions and leopards
Select the correct match

A
i - d , ii - c , iii - b , iv - a

B
i - d , ii - b , iii - c , iv - a

C
i - c , ii - b , iii - d , iv - a

D
i - a , ii - b , iii - d , iv - c
Solution
When two related species fight for limited resources, there is a competition between the species. These types of interactions are called competition. Lions and leopards exhibit competition.
Commensalism is a type of integration, one species population benefits from the other species population. But the other species population does not benefit nor is it harmed in any way. Commensalism is shown by Cattle egret and cattle.
Mutualism is the positive interaction in which two organisms live close together and benefit each other equally. Lichens are a classic example of mutualism in between fungi and algae.
Parasitism an interaction of populations where a parasitic mode of nutrition is clearly seen, with one species being completely dependent on the other host species for all its meals/ nutrient requirements. Parasitism is exhibited by tapeworm and man. So, option A is correct match.
Question 4
1 / -0

If (+) sign is assigned to beneficial interaction (-) sign to detrimental and (0) to neutral interaction, then population interaction represented by (+) (-) refers to

A
Parasitism

B
Mutualism

C
Amensalism

D
Commensalism

Solution

Parasitism is a relationship between two living organisms of different species in which one organism, i.e. parasite obtains its food directly from the host. .In this relationship the parasite is benefitted (+) and the host is harmed (-). So, this type of population interaction is represented by '+' '-'.

So, the correct answer is 'A'.
Question 5
1 / -0

In which of the following type of interaction, both the interacting organisms do not live close together?

A
Predation

B
Parasitism

C
Mutualism

D
Competition
Question 6
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Match List I(Parasites) with List II(Type) and select the correct answer using the codes given the lists.
List-I(Parasites) List-II(Type)
a. Cascuta sp. $$1$$. Total root parasite
b. Loranthus sp. $$2$$. Partial root parasite
c. Orabanche sp. $$3$$. Total stem parasite
d. Santalum sp. $$4$$. Partial stem parasite

A
A-$$2$$, B-$$4$$, C-$$1$$, D-$$3$$

B
A-$$2$$, B-$$1$$, C-$$4$$, D-$$3$$

C
A-$$3$$, B-$$4$$, C-$$1$$, D-$$2$$

D
A-$$3$$, B-$$1$$, C-$$4$$, D-$$2$$

Solution

The correct answer is C
Cascuta sp is a total stem parasite as it attached to the host stem and extract water and all the nutrition from the host plant.
Loranthus sp is a partial stem parasite as it depends up on host only for water and shelter.
Orabranche is a total root parasite because it absorbs all sugars and nutrition and also water from the roots of the host.
Santalum sp a partial root parasite because it only absorbs water and inorganic nutrients from the host root but prepared its own food through photosynthesis.Thats why it is partially depend on host.
Question 7
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Which relationship is beneficial to both interacting organisms but is not obligatory?

A
Commensalism

B
Protocooperation

C
Mutualism

D
Both B and C

Solution

A. Commensalism is the relationship between two different organisms in which one is always benefitted and the other is neither benefitted nor harmed.
B. Protocooperation is the relationship between two species which is beneficial and favourable to both but not obligatory to both.
C. Mutualism is the relationship between two or more individuals in which all are benefitted by each other.
So, the correct answer is 'Protocooperation'.
Question 8
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The principle of competitive exclusion was enunciated by

A
Verhulst and Pearl

B
C.Darwin

C
G.F. Gause

D
Mac Arthur
Solution
- The competitive exclusion principle is also known as Gause's law of competitive exclusion. It was proposed by G.F, Gause in the year 1934.
- It states that any two species that require the same resources(food) cannot coexist. This is because, in a competition to survive, they try to consume as many resources as they can, not leaving anything for the opponent or competitor. The weaker species will either go extinct, or will adapt to some other resource and evolve, but it will be out of that competition sooner or later.
- Hence the principle of competitive exclusion was enunciated by G.F.Gause.
Question 9
1 / -0

Principle of competitive exclusion was given by

A
Gause

B
Hardin

C
Jaeger

D
Muller

Solution

The principle of competitive exclusion was given by Gause, also called the Gause's law. It states that when there is a competition between two species for the common resource of food and space, then both the species cannot co-exist together and any one of them has to be eliminated from the shared ecosystem. The fit and capable of struggle species shall replace the weak one. For example, wipe out of red-squirrels by the grey-squirrels in Britain, owing to the lack of food and subsequent diseases due to reduced fitness in competition.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Gause'.
Question 10
1 / -0

A major cause of mortality of many birds visitors of aquatic habitat is

A
Nutrient enrichment

B
Lead poisoning

C
Salt enrichment

D
All the above

Solution

Water provides habitat to many organisms. Certain chemicals and pesticides contaminate the water badly and waste the water as well. The animals and plants inhabiting such water are affected and so are the animals who feed on them. Many bird visitors are also affected. One such chemical is lead.
So, the correct answer is 'Lead poisoning'.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

	I		II
(i)	Competition	(a)	Tapeworm and man
(ii)	Commercialism	(b)	Lichen
(iii)	Mutualism	(c)	Cattle regret and cattle
(iv)	Parasitism	(d)	Lions and leopards

List-I(Parasites)	List-II(Type)
a. Cascuta sp.	$$1$$. Total root parasite
b. Loranthus sp.	$$2$$. Partial root parasite
c. Orabanche sp.	$$3$$. Total stem parasite
d. Santalum sp.	$$4$$. Partial stem parasite

Organisms and Populations Test - 56

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Organisms and Populations Test - 56

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Larger organisms exclude smaller ones through competition.

More abundant species will exclude the less abundant species through competition.

Competition for the same resources excluding species having different food preferences.

No two species can occupy the same niche indefinitely for the same limiting resource.

Solution

Question 2

Commensalism

Competition

Mutualism

Predation

Solution

Question 3

i - d , ii - c , iii - b , iv - a

i - d , ii - b , iii - c , iv - a

i - c , ii - b , iii - d , iv - a

i - a , ii - b , iii - d , iv - c

Solution

Question 4

Parasitism

Mutualism

Amensalism

Commensalism

Solution

Question 5

Predation

Parasitism

Mutualism

Competition

Question 6

A-$$2$$, B-$$4$$, C-$$1$$, D-$$3$$

A-$$2$$, B-$$1$$, C-$$4$$, D-$$3$$

A-$$3$$, B-$$4$$, C-$$1$$, D-$$2$$

A-$$3$$, B-$$1$$, C-$$4$$, D-$$2$$

Solution

Question 7

Commensalism

Protocooperation

Mutualism

Both B and C

Solution

Question 8

Verhulst and Pearl

C.Darwin

G.F. Gause

Mac Arthur

Solution

Question 9

Gause

Hardin

Jaeger

Muller

Solution

Question 10

Nutrient enrichment

Lead poisoning

Salt enrichment

All the above

Solution

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