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Organisms and Populations Test - 64

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Organisms and Populations Test - 64
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Crowbrds lay their eggs in the nests of smaller birds. The fast-developing cowbird chicks hatch first, then push the other nest as they hatch. The cowbird classified as a
    Solution
    Brood parasitism in birds is an example of parasitism in which the parasitic birds lays its eggs in the nest of its host and the host incubates them. This way, the bird can save the energy that it would have spent in incubation and can use that energy in search of food and other activities. During the course of evolution, the eggs of the parasite bird have evolved to resemble the host's eggs in size and colour to reduce the chances of the hose bird detecting the foreign eggs and removing them from the nest. Laying eggs by cuckoo (koel) in crow's nest is brood parasitism. Cow birds also show brood parasitism.
    So, the correct answer is 'Parasite'.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    To determine the effect of intra-specific competition on the growth of saplings of Eucalyptus dives, an experiment was designed in which two set of pots were used. In the first set only 1 sapling was planted per pot. and in the other set 16 sapling were planted per pot. To check for the effect of intra- specific competition  of resources, a decreasing amount of water was added to each set, The results have been graphicallly indicated below. Which of the following conclusions can be best drawn from the study? 

    Solution
    Option B is correct because competition among individuals causes more growth as compare to sapling 1 because invidual wants more and more water (to show hydrotropism) and minerals for the proper development and survival for fitness. 
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    HOTS
    Two insect species were used in a laboratory experiment. For the treatment, both species were grown by themselves on a suitable food source. For the second treatment, the two species were grown together on the same type and amount of food as in the first treatment. The given figure show the result at the end of the experiment. Based on these results the two species should be classified as 

    Solution
    The given data shows that the insect species A and B are mutualists. Mutualism is an interaction between two organisms of different species where both the partners are benefited fom each other. Species A when grown alone showed less number of individuals, however, Its population increased when grown along with species B. Similar observation were made for species B. Hence, It can be concluded that they exhibit mutualism.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    The figure below depicts life-history strategies for three plant species (a.b and c) along 3 axes: strength of competition with other organisms, level of disturbance in the habitat, and level of environment stress in the habitat. Species a grow in habitat where competition among species is high but disturbance and stress are low. Species b grows in habitats with high environmental stress but with low inter species competition. 
    Species c grows in highly disturbed habitats with low environment stress. 
    Which of the statement below is/are correct?
    I. Characteristics of "a-type" plants are faster growth rate and short-lived leaves.
    II. Desert annual plants are "b-type" species. They have rapid growth and produce large amount of seeds in a short time after rains.
    III. Most plants belonging to "c-type" species would be herbaceous while "a-type and "b-types" species are likely to be tress or shrubs  

    Solution
    Plant a types of plants grow in regions where environmental competition is high. The stress and disturbance in their environment are quite low. This means that stress due to drought, nutritional deficiency, etc. They are also not affected by environmental disturbances like by humans. So, due to the competition, they have a slow growth rate. they are also not short-lived as they don't have to face much competition.
    So, statements II and III are correct. 
    So, option D is the correct answer.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    The plant-animals interactions often involve co-evolution of the muralists so that _______________________________.
    Solution
    Plant-animal interactions involve co-evolution of muralists. This means the evolution of the plant and the animal are closely liked with one another .
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    A population has more young individuals compared too the older individuals. What would be the status of the population after some years?
    Solution
    Correct option: C

    Explanation:
    • The number of individuals in reproductive age is high and high number individuals will enter the reproductive age after some years. This population can be represented by an age structure upright pyramid with a wide base.
    • Thus, The population of young individuals will increase. Option C is correct.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    An interaction between two individuals where one is benefited while the other is neither benefited nor harmed is called as 
    Solution
    • Commensalism  is an association between two organisms in which one benefits and the other derives neither benefit nor harm. For example, The relationship between cattle egrets and cattle, Orchids Growing on Branches of Trees, sea anemones and clownfish, Remora Fish and Sharks.
    •  Remora fish have a disk on their heads that makes them able to attach to larger animals, such as sharks, mantas, and whales. When the larger animal feeds, the remora detaches itself to eat the extra food. In this interaction, remora fish is benefited and there is no harm caused to sharks. Hence commensalism.
    • Hence An interaction between two individuals where one is benefited while the other is neither benefited nor harmed is called Commensalism.
    • So, the correct answer is 'Commensalism'.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    The interdependent evolution of flowering plants and pollinating insects together is known as
    Solution
    The evolution of complementary adaptations in two species caused by the selection pressures that each exerts on the other is called co-evolution. It is common in symbiotic associations e.g. many insect-pollinated plants have evolved flowers whose shapes, colours, etc. make them attractive to particular insects, at the same time the pollinating insects have evolved sense organs and mouth parts specialized insects have evolved sense organs and mouth parts specialized for quickly locating and extracting nectar from particular species of plants.
    So, the correct answer is 'Co-evolution'.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Which of the following would necessarily decrease the density of a population in a given habitat?
    Solution
    Population density in a given habitat is influenced by four processes:
    - Natality : It is the number of birth in a population during a given period of time,
    - Mortality : It is the number of deaths in a population during a given period of time.
    -Immigration : Number of individuals coming from other habitats in a given period of time 
    -Emigration : Number of individuals exiting form a given population in a given period of time.
    Mortality and emigration will, therefore decrease the population density while natality and immigration will increase it.
    So, the correct answer is 'Mortality and emigration'.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Exponential growth occurs in
    Solution
    Correct Option: D
    Explanation:

    • When the number of individuals are less and there is plentiful resources and then later, when the number of individuals increase, resources deplete.
    • This slows the growth rate and it is called exponential growth.
    • All the organisms that undergo asexual reproduction like yeast and bacteria, show exponential growth.

    Hence, exponential growth occurs in all of these.

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