Organisms and Populations Test

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Organisms and Populations Test - 82

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

The population growth represented by graph shows

A
No growth

B
Slow growth

C
Slow decrease

D
Rapid increase

E
Rapid decrease

Solution

The diagram represents a rapidly increasing population. Most of the individuals in the population are young. When the population has a constant birth rate through time and not limited by any factor like food, diseases etc., is known as exponential growth. Birth rate alone controls the growth of population.
Question 2
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Which of the following depicts, the two organisms that occupy many of the same niches?

A
Mutualistic partners

B
Predator-prey

C
Host-parasite

D
Competitors

E
Commensalistic partners

Solution

Niche refers to the range of various physical and biological conditions in which a species lives. An organisms niche not only describes the environment where it survives but also describes its interaction with biotic and abiotic factors present in the environment. However, no two types of organisms occupy exactly the same niche within a community. Nevertheless in any community if two organisms occupy many of the same niches, these are competitors and such type of interaction benefits neither.
Question 3
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In symbiotic relationships, groups of two or more organisms live in physical proximity. The types of symbiosis that depicts commensalism is

A
An egret riding on the back of a cow, looking for food in cow patties

B
A little bird riding on the back of a rhino, picking parasites off the back of the rhino

C
Undertaker bees removing dead bees from the hive of worker bees

D
A wrasse cleaning the parasites off the gills of a bigger fish

E
All of the above are commensalistic

Solution

Commensalism refers to relationship wherein one organism is benefitted while other remains unaffected. Mutualism is association of organisms wherein both are benefitted. Ergets are small birds that sit on back of cow and mostly feed on grasshoppers that are stirred when herd move through field/cropland. Ergets derive nutritional benefit from this association while cow remain unaffected, making it an example of commensalism. Other examples represent mutualism wherein both partners are benefitted. Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 4
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Read the passage and answer the following question.
An investigator went to Central America to study oropendolas, which are communal nesting birds. Another species of bird, the cowbird, sometimes lay its eggs in the nests of oropendolas. Some of the populations of oropendolas throw the cowbird eggs out of the nest, and some don't. The investigator was interested in finding out why some birds would raise other species as their own but others would toss them out. By watching the nests closely, he found that blowflies lay their eggs in the nests of oropendolas and that the young larvae, maggots, feed on the young birds. If young cowbirds are in the nest, the precocious cowbirds eat the blowfly larvae, protecting the young oropendolas. In colonies of oropendolas that discriminate against cowbirds, throwing them from the nest, the blowflies are not eaten by cowbirds. These colonies of oropendolas build their nests close to a particular wasp colony, and the wasps eat the blowflies.
The relationship between the blowfly and the cowbirds that are associated with the non-discriminating oropendolas is one of

A
Commensalism

B
Predation

C
Mutualism

D
Competition

E
Amensalism

Solution

Oropendolas young ones are eaten by blowfly larva and maggots. Cowbirds lay their eggs in Oropendulos nest thereby getting shelter. The precocious cowbirds feed on blowfly larvae thereby protecting the cowbirds young ones from blowfly. The discriminating oropendolas population throw the cowbird eggs out of nest and hence their young ones are eaten by blowfly larve. Predation refers to feeding on other living organisms, cowbirds associated with non discriminating oropendolas population and blowfly exhibit predation as cowbirds feed on blowfly larvae and maggots. Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Question 5
1 / -0

A larger, more aggressive blackbird sees a younger, smaller blackbird discover a food resource. He flies down, taking the food from the younger bird, is best explaine by

A
A selfish act

B
An altruistic act

C
A spiteful act

D
A cooperative act

E
An unsocial act

Solution

A larger, more aggressive blackbird sees a younger, smaller blackbird discover a food resource. He flies down, taking the food from the younger bird, is best explained by a selfish act.
It was trying to loot the food source actually found out by a smaller bird for satisfying its own hunger, which is a selfish act.
A spiteful act - with a desire to hurt someone.
A cooperative act - acting together to help each other.
An unsocial act - showing a lack of desire for the company of others.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which of the following is associated with Lynn Margulis's endosymbiotant theory?

A
Mitochondria DNA is more like that of bacteria than the nuclear DNA in human cells.

B
Chloroplasts replicate on their own time schedule, not under nuclear control.

C
Mitochondria and chloroplasts are about the same size as prokaryotes.

D
All of the above.

E
None of the above.

Solution

Endosymbiosis of colorless and blue green cyanobacterium into another bacterium gave rise to mitochondria and chloroplast respectively. Presence of mitochondria allowed oxygenic respiration which was favoured over anaerobic oxidation of organic compounds owing to its high energy yield. These are the semiautonomous organelles and have a proakryotic DNA which is replicated indepedent of nuclear DNA. Mitochondria and chroloplast are among the biggest organelles and are about of same size as proakryotes. Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Question 7
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The relationship between the species of columns 1 and 2 describes

A
The species in column 1 help to determine which species are in column 2

B
The species in column 2 help to determine which species are in column 1

C
The species in column 1 are dependent on the species in column 2

D
The species in both columns 1 and 2 help to determine the climate of the area

E
None of the above

Solution

Saguaro cactus is keystone species of desert as it grows large number of fruits in hottest period of summer and provides shelter to rats and snake. Deciduous trees are the abundant species of temperate deciduous forest and provide food to deer (herbivore); fox are omnivores; shedding of leaves during autumn affects the whole food chain. Moose is herbivore of Taiga biome and is one of the few species that can digest pine and sprue needles. Lynx is carnivore of taiga biome and mainly feeds on snowshoe hare (a herbivore). Periodic fluctuation in population of snowshoe hare caused by unavailability of food during winters affect the lynx population. The Caribou or Reindeer of Tundra feeds on mass and lichen present beneath the artic surface during wintertime when vegetation is not available. Lemmings are stable food for snowy owl; these owls have keen eyes sight and hearing to find their prey hidden under lichen and snow cover. Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 8
1 / -0

If lynxes depend mainly on hares for food, the relationship between hares and lynxes is described by

A
As the hare population decreases, the lynx population increases

B
As the hare population decreases, the lynx population stays the same

C
As the hare population increases, the lynx population increases

D
As the hare population increases, the lynx population stays the same

E
There is no relationship between the populations of lynxes and hares.

Solution

There is direction corelation between population size of predator and prey. If lynxes depend mainly on hares for food, decrease and increased in hare population would cause decrease and increase in lynx population respectively as lynes derive food from hare. Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 9
1 / -0

Read the passage and answer the following question.
A student studying respiration decided to test the following hypothesis: "If yeasts use glucose for energy, then the more glucose I add to their medium, the more the population will grow.
"To test this hypothesis, she filled four tubes with $$5 ml$$ of minimal growth media and added no glucose to the first, $$5 ml$$ to the second, $$10 ml$$ to the third, and $$20 ml$$ to the fourth. After 1 day she recorded the following data:
According to data, which of the following statement is true?

A
Yeasts need glucose to grow

B
The more glucose given to yeasts, the better they will grow

C
pH can be used to measure the rate of growth

D
Yeasts give off hydrochloric acid when they grow

E
None of the above

Solution

Yeast cells in test tube 3 and 4 showed hindered growth irrespective of increased glucose concentration making statement A and B incorrect. Yeast growth showed a different pattern at various pH level i.e. pH can be used to measure the growth. Yeasts are lactic acid fermenting organisms and release lactic acid, not HCl. Thus, the correct answer is 'pH can be used to measure the rate of growth'.
Question 10
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An individual in local hawk populations must increasingly compete for a limited number of nesting sites. This is an example of

A
A convergent dispersion pattern within the population

B
A uniform dispersion pattern within the population

C
A random dispersion pattern within the population

D
A clumped dispersion pattern within the population

E
Multiple individuals simultaneously occupying the same nest

Solution

Dispersion pattern is a species-specific feature and shows the spatial relationship between population members present in the specific area. When members of same species inhibit the growth of another individual of the same species present nearby or those with defined territories exhibits the uniform pattern of distribution. In the present example, hawk population faces intraspecific competition for limited nesting sites and therefore will be present at a uniform distance from each other.
So, the correct answer is option B.

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Organisms and Populations Test - 82

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Organisms and Populations Test - 82

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

No growth

Slow growth

Slow decrease

Rapid increase

Rapid decrease

Solution

Question 2

Mutualistic partners

Predator-prey

Host-parasite

Competitors

Commensalistic partners

Solution

Question 3

An egret riding on the back of a cow, looking for food in cow patties

A little bird riding on the back of a rhino, picking parasites off the back of the rhino

Undertaker bees removing dead bees from the hive of worker bees

A wrasse cleaning the parasites off the gills of a bigger fish

All of the above are commensalistic

Solution

Question 4

Commensalism

Predation

Mutualism

Competition

Amensalism

Solution

Question 5

A selfish act

An altruistic act

A spiteful act

A cooperative act

An unsocial act

Solution

Question 6

Mitochondria DNA is more like that of bacteria than the nuclear DNA in human cells.

Chloroplasts replicate on their own time schedule, not under nuclear control.

Mitochondria and chloroplasts are about the same size as prokaryotes.

All of the above.

None of the above.

Solution

Question 7

The species in column 1 help to determine which species are in column 2

The species in column 2 help to determine which species are in column 1

The species in column 1 are dependent on the species in column 2

The species in both columns 1 and 2 help to determine the climate of the area

None of the above

Solution

Question 8

As the hare population decreases, the lynx population increases

As the hare population decreases, the lynx population stays the same

As the hare population increases, the lynx population increases

As the hare population increases, the lynx population stays the same

There is no relationship between the populations of lynxes and hares.

Solution

Question 9

Yeasts need glucose to grow

The more glucose given to yeasts, the better they will grow

pH can be used to measure the rate of growth

Yeasts give off hydrochloric acid when they grow

None of the above

Solution

Question 10

A convergent dispersion pattern within the population

A uniform dispersion pattern within the population

A random dispersion pattern within the population

A clumped dispersion pattern within the population

Multiple individuals simultaneously occupying the same nest

Solution

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