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Organisms and Populations Test - 85

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Organisms and Populations Test - 85
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    A population is correctly defined as having which of the following characteristics?
    a. Inhabiting the same geography area.
    b. Individual belonging to same species.
    c. Possessing a constant and uniform density and 
    dispersion.
    Solution
    • A population refers to a group of organisms of a species that interbreed and live in the same place at the same time. 
    • They are capable of interbreeding or reproduction. 
    • The distribution of species of a particular population may fluctuate due to some internal factors like biotic factors, carrying capacity etc.
    • Thus, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    The interaction between the organisms of one of the following pairs is an example for commensalism
    Solution
    Commensalism is the type of interaction in which one of the partner is benefitted while the other partner is unharmed. This type of interaction takes place in the cattles or other grazing animals and the egrets. The grazing animals while grazing, disturbs the grass and the insects that are living in the grass come out. The egrets are present on the back of the grazing animals. The egrets feed on these insects. There is no harm done to the cattles.
    Thus, the correct answer is option C. 
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Volume and surface area of a deer is 1,50,000 c$$m^3$$ and 19,000 c$$m^2$$ and of a squirrel is 625 c$$m^3$$ and 530 c$$m^2$$. The area available for heat loss per c$$m^3$$ of squirrel will be approximately
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Study statements (a - d) and select the two correct statements. 
    (a) A lion eating a deer and a sparrow feeding on grain are consumers.
    (b) Predator starfish and Pisaster help in maintaining species diversity of some invertebrates.
    (c) Predators ultimately lead to the extinction of prey species.
    (d) Plant chemicals like nicotine and strychnine are produced due to metabolic disorders. 
    Solution
    • An ecosystem is made up of living and nonliving things. 
    • Living or biotic things include producers, consumers and decomposers.
    •  Producers are the photosynthetic organisms which can synthesize their own food. Consumers are organisms which cannot synthesize their own food.
    •  They feed upon either producers or other consumers. 
    • A lion eating a deer is a secondary consumer. A sparrow feeding on grain is a primary consumer.
    •  Predator is an organism which feed upon its prey.
    •  Predators such as starfish and Pisaster help in maintaining species diversity of some invertebrates. 
    • Predator cannot lead to the extinction of prey species because predator and prey evolve together. 
    • Plant chemicals such as nicotine and strychnine are not produced due metabolic disorders. These are just the metabolic wastes.
    Thus, the correct answer is 'a and b.'
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    The given statement "Complete competitors cannot coexist " is true for 
    Solution
    The competitive principle, also known as Gause's law of competitive exclusion states that two species competing for the same resources can not really co-exist. One out of the two competitors will have some advantages over the other species.  The one with survival skills will dominate in that environment and the other species will disappear or migrate to other places. As a consequence, competing species will develop distinguishable characters in areas where they coexist.
    So the correct option is D.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is not properly matched?
    Solution
    Mean annual temperature is calculated by subtracting the lowest recorded temperature from the highest recorded temperature of the of the day. It can vary depending on the weather and climate of an area.
    A. Formaldehyde has been classified as cancer causing agent by the EPA. It has shown leukaemia incidences.
    B. Sulphur dioxide is responsible for the respiratory tract diseases like asthma, bronchitis etc.
    C. Nitrogen oxide is called the brown air because of the change in frequencies of absorption of light when nitrogen combines with the oxygen.
    D. Mean annual temperature can vary depending on the weather and climatic conditions.
    E. Photochemical smog forms grey air due to the formation of ozone and PAN that decreases the visibility.
    Hence, the correct answer is 'Mean annual temperature - 25$$^{o}$$C'
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Population of an insect species increases explosively during rainy season and then disappears at the end of the season. It shows 
    Solution
    J-shaped growth curve is an curve on a graph that records the situation in which, in a new environment, the population density of an organism increases rapidly in an exponential (logarithmic) form, but then stops abruptly as environmental resistance (e.g. seasonality) or  (e.g. the end of the breeding phase) suddenly becomes effective.

  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Calculate the death rate if $$6$$ individuals in a lab population of $$60$$ fruit flies died during a particular week?
    Solution

  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Which one causes parasitic castration in crab?
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    "Verhulst-Pearl" logistic growth is described using the equation $$\dfrac{dN}{dt}=rN(\dfrac{K-N}{K})$$. In this K stands for
    Solution
    • The population growth rate is measured in the number of individuals in a population (N) over time (t). 
    • The term for population growth rate is written as (dN/dt). 
    • The d means change, K represents the carrying capacity, and r is the maximum per capita growth rate for a population. 
    • Per capita means per individual, and the per capita growth rate involves the number of births and deaths in a population. 
    • The logistic growth equation assumes that K and r do not change over time in a population.
    So, the correct answer is 'C'.
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