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Ecosystem Test - 18

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Ecosystem Test - 18
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is the largest reservoir of carbon?
    Solution
    In the ocean, there are underwater sediments and sediment rocks of carbonate like in the form of limestone, dolomite etc. Thus, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Succession showing changes in communities at a place is called 
    Solution
    Biotic succession is another name of ecological succession. it involves different species of organisms invading and developing in a same particular area at different times. It starts with a pioneer community and ends with a climax community.
    So, option B is the correct answer. 
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    In pyramid of food, the producers occupy
    Solution
    Pyramid of food represents the amount of food at each trophic level. In this, the producers that is plants occupy the base of a pyramid. The secondary carnivores occupy the apex position in the pyramid. Other consumers occupy the trophic levels in between.
    Thus, the correct answer is 'The base.'
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Pyramid of numbers in a grassland/true ecosystem is
    Solution
    In grassland ecosystem, the shape of pyramid of number is always upright. It is called as pyramid of numbers. In this, the energy is maximum at producer level, followed by primary consumer level (herbivores), followed by secondary consumer level (carnivores). The base of the pyramid of number represents the producers in a grassland ecosystem. 
    Thus, the correct answer is 'Always upright.'
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Who proposed the concept of ecological pyramids?
    Solution
    Odum is the father of modern ecology. Clements proposed the theory of plant succession. The tern ecosystem was proposed by Tansley. Elton proposed the concept of ecological pyramids. Hence, it is also called as Eltonian pyramids. Ecological pyramid is a graphical representation that shows the biomass at each trophic level. 
    Thus, the correct answer is 'Elton.'
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    The rate of formation of organic matter by deer in the forest ecosystem is called
    Solution
    In a food chain, energy stored at the producer level is called as primary productivity. Producer level includes photosynthetic organisms like plants  and algae. Gross primary productivity is the rate of conversion of light energy into chemical energy of organic molecules in an ecosystem. Net primary productivity is the rate of storage of organic matter except which is utilized for the respiration by plants. Energy stored at the consumer level is called as secondary productivity. Consumer level includes herbivores such as deer, carnivores and decomposers. 
    Thus, the correct answer is 'Secondary productivity.'
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    In ecosystem, cycling of nutrients is called
    Solution
    In ecosystem, cycling of nutrients is called biogeochemical cycle. In this, essential nutrients moves through biotic (biosphere) and abiotic (lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere) compartments in an ecosystem. The various biogeochemical cycle includes carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle, phosphorous cycle, oxygen cycles. 
    Thus, the correct answer is 'Biogeochemical cycle.'
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Rate of conversion of light energy into chemical energy of organic molecules in an ecosystem is
    Solution
    In a food chain, energy stored at the producer level is called as primary productivity. Producer level includes photosynthetic organisms like plants  and algae. Gross primary productivity is the rate of photosynthesis. In other words, rate of conversion of light energy into chemical energy of organic molecules in an ecosystem is gross primary productivity. Net primary productivity is the rate of storage of organic matter except which is utilized for the respiration by plants. Net productivity is the rate of storage of organic matter which is not used by the consumers. Energy stored at the consumer level is called as secondary productivity. Consumer level includes herbivores, carnivores and decomposers. 
    Thus, the correct answer is 'Gross primary productivity.'
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Total energy fixed by an ecosystem is
    Solution
    In a food chain, energy stored at the producer level is called as primary productivity. Producer level includes plants. Consumer level includes herbivores, carnivores and decomposers. Primary production is the total energy produced by the plant by photosynthesis. Gross production is the total energy fixed by an ecosystem. Net production is the rate of storage of organic matter which is not used by the consumers, Secondary production is the total energy produced at consumer level. 
    Thus, the correct answer is 'Gross production.'
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    A progressive series of changes in plant and animal life in an area from initial colonisation is called
    Solution
    • Ecological succession is the process of change in the species structure of an ecological community over time. The time scale can be decades or even millions of years after a mass extinction.
    • Evolution is the process of heritable change in populations of organisms over multiple generations.
    • Selection is the preferential survival and reproduction or preferential elimination of individuals with certain genotypes (genetic compositions), by means of natural or artificial controlling factors.
    • The specialization is the adaptation of an organism or organ to a special function or environment.

    So, the correct answer is 'B'.
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