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Ecosystem Test - 26

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Ecosystem Test - 26
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  • Question 1
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    In ecotone which species become abundant?
    Solution
    Ecotone is the transition zone between two communities e.g., forest and grassland. 
    Ecotone has a mixture of species belonging to both the communities. Ecotone possesses higher number of species than either of two communities. 
    The increased number and even density of species in the region of ecotone or community border is called as the edge effect. 
    The species, which are found primarily or most abundantly or spend most of their time in ecotone are known as edge species.
    So, the correct answer is 'Edge species'
  • Question 2
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    Name the term used to describe a single dominant species that dictates community structure

    Solution
    According to Paine (1969), keystone species are those whose role or activities determine community structure.
  • Question 3
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    If carbon dioxide is withdrawn from the biosphere, which organism would first experience negative effects

    Solution
    Because primary producer first requires CO2, for the process of photosynthesis by which they make their food.


  • Question 4
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    Major autotrophic biomass in oceans is contributed by
    Solution
    Biomass is the organic matter obtained from the living organism which act as a source of energy. In a biomass pyramid, the trophic levels are sequentially arranged at the trophic level according to the biomass at each level. The bottom of  every pyramid is made up of autotrophs ( producers). In ocean, the phytoplanktons and algae are the primary  producers of the marine food chain. 
  • Question 5
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    Which of the following habitats is most unsuitable for primary productivity?
    Solution
    The plants or the other autotrophic organisms which can prepare food require sunlight. In a cave, there will be very less availability of sunlight and hence primary productivity due to photosynthesis by green plants will be very low. Hence, a cave ecosystem is most unsuitable for primary productivity.
    Thus, the correct answer is option C. 
  • Question 6
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    Bell-shaped polygonal pyramid indicates

  • Question 7
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    The species of plants that play a vital role in controlling the relative abundance of other species in a community are called

  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    The possible beneficial affect of grazing animals is the

    Solution
    Although grazing is harmful for plants but grazing may beneficial by adding their excretion into soil, which provides essential mineral nutrition to plants.


  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Which one of the following regarding ecological pyramid is not correct?
    Solution
    • In most ecosystems, the pyramid of numbers and biomass are always upright except for the pyramid of biomass for aquatic ecosystem and the pyramid of number for tree ecosystem.
    • In an ecosystem dominated by trees, the pyramid (of numbers) is of Inverted type because it makes more biomass that leads to the large population of birds and insects as compared to the trees.
    • In a deepwater ecosystem, the producers are small organisms (phytoplankton) with the least biomass and the biomass gradually increase towards the apex of the pyramid (from small fishes to large fishes). Thus the pyramid of biomass of aquatic ecosystems is inverted in shape.
    • The pyramid of energy is always upright because the energy flow in a food chain is always unidirectional that means energy flow at successive trophic levels always decreases.

    So, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Pyramid of biomass for forest is 
    Solution
    Producers are more in number (forest) than the primary consumers. Primary consumers are more in number than secondary consumers. That is why the pyramid of biomass is upright for forests.
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