Ecosystem Test

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Ecosystem Test - 39

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
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In a terrestrial food chain which of the following organisms comprise the greatest mass of living substance (biomass)?

A
Decomposers (e.g., bacteria)

B
Producers (e.g., grasses)

C
Primary consumers (e.g., mice)

D
Secondary consumers (e.g., snakes)

E
Tertiary consumers (e.g., hawks)

Solution

Primary producers are organisms that fix atmospheric carbon into organic matter and thereby incorporate it into living biomass. Moving from primary producers to top consumers in a terrestrial food chain, a part of energy is lost in respiration. Therefore, primary producers comprise the greatest biomass in these food chains. Correct answer is B.
Question 2
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Which ecosystem has the highest gross primary productivity?

A
Desserts

B
Coral reefs

C
Mangroves

D
Grasslands

Solution

There are many ecosystems which have a very higher level of primary productivity. Coral reefs show the highest gross primary productivity in the aquatic ecosystem. There are the wide number of phytoplankton and aquatic phototrophs which contribute to the productivity of the ecosystem. Tropical rainforests have the highest primary productivity on the terrestrial ecosystem.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 3
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______ is the final stage of succession, remaining relatively unchanged until destroyed by an event such as fire human interference.

A
Final community

B
Climax community

C
Apex community

D
Summit community

E
Composite community

Solution

A climax community is the final stage of succession, remaining relatively unchanged until destroyed by an event such as fire or human interference. It is an ecological community in which populations of plants or animals remain stable and exist in balance with each other and their environment.
Question 4
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During photosynthesis, the gross primary productivity is the rate of production of

A
Organic matter

B
Oxygen

C
Carbon dioxide

D
Chlorophyll

Solution

The productivity of an ecosystem refers to the rate of production or the amount of organic matter accumulated per unit area in unit time.
Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) is referred as the total rate of photosynthesis including the organic matter used up in respiration during the measurement period.
Hence, GPP is the rate of production of organic matter.
So, the correct answer is A.
Question 5
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Intermediate community between pioneer and climax communities is called as

A
Seral community

B
Biotic community

C
Temporary community

D
Ecosere

Solution

A seral community (or sere) is an intermediate stage in ecological succession which proceeds towards the climax community. In many cases more than one seral stage evolves until climax conditions are attained. Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 6
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The vegetation of an area changes over time, resulting in a climax community is known as

A
Succession

B
Dispersion

C
Fertilization

D
Speciation

E
Mutation

Solution

The process of change in ecological community of an area over time which in turn results in formation of climax community is termed as succession. Option A is correct answer.
Option B is incorrect as dispersion refers to spread.
Option C is incorrect as fertilization is fusion of male and female gamete.
Option D is incorrect as splitting of existing species into daughter species or transformation of existing species into new one without formation of any lineage species is termed as speciation.
Option E is incorrect as sudden random changes in genome is mutation.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
Question 7
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A rocky community near a pond has no vegetation or animal life. After a period of approximately 50 years, the community boasts a wide variety of flora and fauna, including trees, animals and insects. Mostly, lichens are the first organisms to colonize rocky areas. These are known as the

A
Primary community

B
Starter community

C
Colony organisms

D
Pioneer organisms

E
Settler organisms

Solution

Pioneer species are the first species which colonize an ecosystem which has already been disrupted. Lichens in the given situation are called as pioneer species.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Question 8
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Which of the plain community have greatest biomass?

A
Hawks

B
Foxes

C
Prairie dogs

D
Grasses

E
Beetles
Question 9
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The energy flow for the given energy pyramid can be best described by the statement

A
Energy is passed up the pyramid with the least energy at the top.

B
Energy is passed up the pyramid with the most energy at the top.

C
Energy is passed down the pyramid with the most energy at the top.

D
Energy is passed down the pyramid with the most energy at the bottom.

E
Energy is constant in the pyramid.

Solution

Energy is transferred up the pyramid because each organism is consumed by the one above it. The amount of energy available decreases at each trophic level because the transfers are not 100% efficient as only 10% energy is transferred from one trophic level to another. Some energy is used to run the life processes and some energy is converted into heat. Therefore least energy is available at the top. Hence, the correct answer is option A.
Question 10
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Which of the following accounts for greatest mass in a pond community?

A
Algae

B
Insects

C
Frogs

D
Fish

E
Fungi

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Ecosystem Test - 39

Result

Ecosystem Test - 39

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Decomposers (e.g., bacteria)

Producers (e.g., grasses)

Primary consumers (e.g., mice)

Secondary consumers (e.g., snakes)

Tertiary consumers (e.g., hawks)

Solution

Question 2

Desserts

Coral reefs

Mangroves

Grasslands

Solution

Question 3

Final community

Climax community

Apex community

Summit community

Composite community

Solution

Question 4

Organic matter

Oxygen

Carbon dioxide

Chlorophyll

Solution

Question 5

Seral community

Biotic community

Temporary community

Ecosere

Solution

Question 6

Succession

Dispersion

Fertilization

Speciation

Mutation

Solution

Question 7

Primary community

Starter community

Colony organisms

Pioneer organisms

Settler organisms

Solution

Question 8

Hawks

Foxes

Prairie dogs

Grasses

Beetles

Question 9

Energy is passed up the pyramid with the least energy at the top.

Energy is passed up the pyramid with the most energy at the top.

Energy is passed down the pyramid with the most energy at the top.

Energy is passed down the pyramid with the most energy at the bottom.

Energy is constant in the pyramid.

Solution

Question 10

Algae

Insects

Frogs

Fish

Fungi

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