Ecosystem Test

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Ecosystem Test - 43

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Identify the incorrect statement from the following.

A
Pyramid of energy is always upright.

B
Pyramids of number and biomass is always upright.

C
Pyramid of biomass in sea is generally inverted as the biomass of fish far exceeds that of phytoplanktons.

D
Food chains are generally short with few trophic levels as only $$10$$% of the energy is transferred to each trophic level from the lower trophic level.

Solution

The pyramid of numbers and biomass can either be upright or inverted. This depends on the type of food chain and the nature of the food chain. The pyramid of numbers in grassland is upright. The pyramid of numbers in a parasitic food chain is inverted. The pyramid of biomass in the grasslands and forests is upright. The pyramid of biomass in the pond ecosystem is inverted.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Question 2
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Living organisms require ............. to produce proteins and nucleic acids in their body.

A
Oxygen

B
Nitrogen

C
Carbon

D
Water
Question 3
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Gross primary productivity is the rate of production of .......... during photosynthesis.

A
Organic matter

B
Oxygen

C
Carbon di-oxide

D
Chlorophyll

Solution

The rate of production of total organic matter during photosynthesis is called the gross primary productivity. It is also equal to the amount of carbon fixed during photosynthesis by all producers in that particular ecosystem. Thus the correct answer is option A.
Question 4
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Which one of the following class of animals constitutes the largest biomass on earth?

A
Insects

B
Fish

C
Mammals

D
Reptilians

Solution

The class of insect contains the maximum number of species in the world. This is the class characterized by the presence of organisms with wings, antennae and joined appendages. These are the animals which constitute the largest biomass on the Earth.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 5
1 / -0

In forest ecosystem, the pyramid of energy is

A
Always inverted

B
Always upright

C
first upright then inverted

D
None of the above
Solution
- The pyramid of energy is upright for any ecosystem including the forests. The producers are at the first level and possess a high amount of energy.
- As per the 10% law, there is a decrease in the amount of energy with the increase in the trophic level.
- The primary consumer will have energy less than the producer and go on decreasing with the higher trophic levels.
- There is a number of plants and trees as compared to carnivores.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Question 6
1 / -0

Last stable community is succession which depends on climate is

A
Seral community

B
Climax community

C
Poineer community

D
None of the above

Solution

The gradual change in the species structure of an ecological community is known as ecological succession. A climax community is the final community formed when the ecological succession becomes stable. It remains relatively unchanged until destroyed by an event such as fire or human interference. It is also known as a stable biological community.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 7
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Keystone species are

A
Species belonging to same period

B
Species that determine structure of biotic community

C
Species reproducing sexually

D
Species recorded only in the fossil state
Question 8
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Keystone species deserve protection because these

A
Are capable of surviving in harsh environmental conditions

B
Indicates presence of certain minerals in the soil

C
Have become rare due to the over-exploitation

D
Play an important role in supporting other species
Solution
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
Keystone species are species that have a very low population but their impact on the ecosystem structure, composition, and functioning is disproportionately significant.
These play a very important role in supporting other species and maintaining the ecosystem balance hence deserve protection.
Examples of some keystone species are sea otters, beavers, etc.
Question 9
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Succession is

A
Orderly process of community change till stability

B
Gradual, directional and continuous process

C
Series of biotic communities that appear gradually in a barren area

D
All of the above

Solution

Ecological succession is the process of evolution of the biological community. It is a continuous, unidirectional sequential change in the species composition of a natural community. It is the orderly process of community change till its stability. The primary succession mainly takes place on the barren land which is followed by secondary succession. Secondary succession takes place on a previously colonized, but disturbed or damaged habitat.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Question 10
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Which of the following event does not lead into secondary succession?

A
All organisms that existed are lost

B
Where no living organisms ever existed

C
Abandoned crop field

D
Land affected by flood
Solution
- The appearance of living organisms on disturbed or damaged habitat is referred to as secondary succession.
- Primary succession occurs in a barren land where no life existed before.
- So, flooded land abandoned croplands and the area where organisms existed before exhibit the secondary succession.
  So, the correct answer is option B.

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Ecosystem Test - 43

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Ecosystem Test - 43

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Question 1

Pyramid of energy is always upright.

Pyramids of number and biomass is always upright.

Pyramid of biomass in sea is generally inverted as the biomass of fish far exceeds that of phytoplanktons.

Food chains are generally short with few trophic levels as only $$10$$% of the energy is transferred to each trophic level from the lower trophic level.

Solution

Question 2

Oxygen

Nitrogen

Carbon

Water

Question 3

Organic matter

Oxygen

Carbon di-oxide

Chlorophyll

Solution

Question 4

Insects

Fish

Mammals

Reptilians

Solution

Question 5

Always inverted

Always upright

first upright then inverted

None of the above

Solution

Question 6

Seral community

Climax community

Poineer community

None of the above

Solution

Question 7

Species belonging to same period

Species that determine structure of biotic community

Species reproducing sexually

Species recorded only in the fossil state

Question 8

Are capable of surviving in harsh environmental conditions

Indicates presence of certain minerals in the soil

Have become rare due to the over-exploitation

Play an important role in supporting other species

Solution

Question 9

Orderly process of community change till stability

Gradual, directional and continuous process

Series of biotic communities that appear gradually in a barren area

All of the above

Solution

Question 10

All organisms that existed are lost

Where no living organisms ever existed

Abandoned crop field

Land affected by flood

Solution

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