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Ecosystem Test - 49

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Ecosystem Test - 49
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Ecological pyramids are of ______ types.
    Solution
    An ecological pyramid is a graphic representation of the relationship between organisms at various trophic levels in a food chain. Ecological pyramids are of 3 types, namely biomass, energy and number. Pyramid of Number represents the number of organisms at different trophic levels of food chain. Pyramid of biomass represents the biomass of organisms at different trophic levels of the food chain. Pyramid of energy represents the amount of energy at different trophic levels.
    Thus, the correct answer is 'Three.' 
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    Which of the following is correct?
    Solution
    In an ecosystem, the productivity is the rate of generation of biomass in the given ecosystem in a given time. The least productive ecosystem are deserts and deep lakes. The most productive ecosystem are coral reef ecosystem due to structural complexity. It is also called as tropical rain forests. It includes temperate and tropical forests. An ecosystem of an agriculture land is called as agroecosystem. Sugarcane is the most productive agroecosystem.
    Thus, the correct answer is 'All of the above.'
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Total amount of living material at various levels of a food chain is depicted by
    Solution
    Biomass in an ecosystem represents the mass of living organisms in an ecosystem at a given time. Pyramid of biomass is the graphical representation of total amount of living material at each trophic level of a food chain. Pyramid of numbers represent the number of individuals in each trophic level of a food chain. Pyramid of energy represents the amount of energy at each trophic level of a food chain. 
    Thus, the correct answer is 'Pyramid of biomass.'
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    An aquatic ecosystem with maximum primary productivity is
    Solution
    Primary productivity is the rate at which energy is converted by photosynthetic autotrophs to organic substances. It is the rate of energy obtained by photosynthesis. In aquatic ecosystem, the primary productivity is dependent on the availability of nutrients and light. An aquatic ecosystem with maximum primary productivity is river.
    Thus, the correct answer is 'River.'
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    In upright pyramid of biomass, herbivores occupy the position
    Solution
    An ecological pyramid represents the relationship between the organisms at different trophic levels. Pyramid of biomass indicates the total mass of organisms at each trophic level. In an upright pyramid of biomass, the base is the first trophic level. It is occupied by the primary producers plants.. The second trophic level is occupied by the primary consumers or herbivores. The third trophic level is occupied by the secondary consumers or carnivores.
    Thus, the correct answer is '2.'
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Rate of conversion of light energy into chemical energy of organic molecules in an ecosystem is called
    Solution
    In a food chain, energy stored at the producer level is called as primary productivity. Producer level includes plants and other photosynthetic organisms. Energy stored at the consumer level is called as secondary productivity. Consumer level includes herbivores, carnivores and decomposers. Gross primary productivity is the rate of photosynthesis. In other words, it is the rate of conversion of light energy into chemical energy of organic molecules in an ecosystem. Net primary productivity is the rate of storage of organic matter except which is utilized for the respiration by plants. Net productivity is the rate of storage of organic matter which is not used by the consumers. Net primary productivity is the rate of storage of organic matter apart from that is utilized by consumers. Gross primary productivity is the rate of storage of organic matter by consumers. 
    Thus, the correct answer is 'Gross primary productivity.'
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    Well known ecosystem ecologist is
    Solution
    Ecosystem ecology is the study of living (biotic) and nonliving (abiotic) components of an ecosystem and their interactions within an ecosystem. Well known ecosystem ecologist is E. P. Odum. Eugene Pleasants Odum is well known for his pioneering work on ecosystem ecology. He wrote a book on 'Fundamentals of Ecology.'
    Thus, the correct answer is 'E.P. Odum.'
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Which one has always an upright/ steeper vertical gradient?
    Solution
    Pyramid of energy represents the amount of energy at each trophic level. In any ecosystem, flow of energy declines as it passes from lower to higher trophic level. This is explained by second law of thermodynamics. Hence, the pyramid of energy always has an upright or steeper vertical gradient. In this, the energy decreases from one trophic level to the next trophic level because energy is lost as metabolic heat during transfer of energy. When food energy passes from producers to herbivores to carnivores, only 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to another trophic level.
    Thus, the correct answer is 'Pyramid of energy.'
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    Pyramid of energy is always upright indicating that
    Solution
    Pyramid of energy represents the amount of energy at each trophic level. In any ecosystem, flow of energy declines as it passes from lower to higher trophic level. Hence, pyramid of energy is always upright indicating that herbivores have a better energy conversion efficiency than carnivores.  Each successive trophic level has less total energy. In this, the energy decreases from one trophic level to the next trophic level because energy is lost as metabolic heat during transfer of energy. When food energy passes from producers to herbivores to carnivores, only 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to another trophic level.
    Thus, the correct answer is 'Herbivores have a better energy conversion efficiency than carnivores.'
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    The accompanying figure represents an ecological pyramid. It is

    Solution
    An ecological pyramid is a graphical representation of the relationship b/w different organisms in an ecosystem. Pyramid of biomass is a diagrammatic representation of the amount of organic material, measured in grams of dry mass per square meter formed in a particular habitat at ascending trophic levels of food chain.

    c) Pyramid of Biomass in lake. The primary produces makesless biomass than the primary consumers they never develop a standing crop.
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