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Ecosystem Test - 51

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Ecosystem Test - 51
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  • Question 1
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    Stability of ecosystem depends, upon
    Solution
    Stability of ecosystem depends upon interchange between producers and consumers. Producers and consumers occupy different trophic levels of a food chain. High interactivity between producers and consumers makes the ecosystem to be independent of outside factors for its stability.
    Thus, the correct answer is 'Interchange between producers and consumers.'
  • Question 2
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    Estuaries are highly productive as they are nutrient trap due to mixing of
    Solution
    Estuaries are partially enclosed coastal body formed where fresh water meets with salt water from the ocean. One or more rivers or streams flow into they. They are highly productive as they are nutrient trap due to mixing of river and sea water. They occur in Kerala, Tamilnadu and Odisha in India. These basically filter sediment  from the water before it flows into the oceans. 
    Thus, the correct answer is 'River and Sea water.'
  • Question 3
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    Which atom mostly limits the primary productivity? 
    Solution
    There are various factors which limits the primary productivity. These include light, nutrients. Cycling of nutrients such as carbon, phosphorous, oxygen, nitrogen is an important component of an ecosystem. Out of these nutrient elements, carbon atom mostly limits the primary productivity. Primary productivity is the rate of production of organic compounds by photosynthetic organisms. 
    Thus, the correct answer is 'C.'
  • Question 4
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    Biomass available for consumption by herbivores and decomposers is called
    Solution
    In a food chain, energy stored at the producer level is called as primary productivity. Producer level includes plants and other photosynthetic organisms. Energy stored at the consumer level is called as secondary productivity. Consumer level includes herbivores, carnivores and decomposers. Gross primary productivity is the rate of conversion of light energy into chemical energy of organic molecules in an ecosystem. Net primary productivity is the rate of storage of organic matter except which is utilized for the respiration by plants. In other words, it is the amount of biomass available for consumption by herbivores and decomposers. It is the rate of storage of organic matter apart from that is utilized by consumers. 
    Thus, the correct answer is 'Net primary productivity.'
  • Question 5
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    In the pyramid of numbers, find out the correct possibilities.

    Solution
    The given pyramid is pyramid of numbers. It indicates the number of individuals at each trophic level. In this, the first trophic level indicates the producer, that is plant. The second trophic level indicates the primary consumers, that is insects. The third trophic level indicates the secondary consumers, that is small insectivorous birds that feed on insects. The top level indicates the tertiary consumers which feed on insectivorous birds, that is big birds.
    Thus, the correct answer is 'Level PC is insects and level SC is small insectivorous birds.'

  • Question 6
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    An inverted pyramid of number and an inverted pyramid of biomass are respectively seen in
    Solution
    Pyramid of number indicates the number of individuals at each trophic level. The pyramid of number is inverted in tree ecosystem. In this, the the first trophic level contains least number of trees. The insects feeding on primary producer occupy second trophic level. Their number is higher than first trophic level. The maximum number of individuals are present at the top trophic level. In pyramid of biomass indicates the total mass at each trophic level. The pyramid of biomass is inverted in sea ecosystem. The first trophic level contains minimum biomass followed by second trophic level followed third trophic level. The top trophic level contains maximum biomass.
    Thus, the correct answer is 'Tree and Sea ecosystem.'
  • Question 7
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    The pyramid of biomass in a sea is
    Solution
    The pyramid of biomass indicates the total biomass at each trophic level. The pyramid of biomass in sea is inverted. The amount of biomass is least the base of the pyramid and amount of biomass is maximum at the apex of the pyramid. The first trophic level consists of producers which constitute the least biomass. The last trophic level consists of carnivores which constituent the maximum biomass. 
    Thus, the correct answer is 'Inverted.'

  • Question 8
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    Rate of formation of organic matter by rabbit in a grassland is
    Solution
    n a food chain, energy stored at the producer level is called as primary productivity. Producer level includes plants and other photosynthetic organisms. Energy stored at the consumer level is called as secondary productivity. Consumer level includes herbivores, carnivores and decomposers. Primary productivity is the rate of conversion of light energy into chemical energy of organic molecules in an ecosystem. Secondary productivity is the rate of formation of organic matter by consumers. Rate of formation of organic matter by rabbit in a grassland is secondary productivity.
    Thus, the correct answer is 'Secondary productivity.'
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    The upright pyramid of number is absent in
    Solution
    Correct option: B
    Explanation:
    • The pyramid of numbers represents the number of organisms present at any trophic level.
    • This type of pyramid is not upright where there is less number of producers in the ecosystems as compared to other trophic levels.
    • In a forest ecosystem, this kind of pyramid is spindle-shaped.
    • It is because the producers, i.e, the trees are less in number as compared to consumers.
    Hence, the upright pyramid of numbers is absent in the "forest".
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Primary productivity of the ecosystem is most often limited by
    Solution
    In a food chain, energy stored at the producer level is called as primary productivity. Producer level includes plants and other photosynthetic organisms. Energy stored at the consumer level is called as secondary productivity. Consumer level includes herbivores, carnivores and decomposers. Primary productivity is the rate of conversion of light energy into chemical energy of organic molecules in an ecosystem. It is most often limited by solar radiation. Rate of conversion of solar energy into chemical energy by producers is limited by the solar radiation.
    Thus, the correct answer is 'Solar radiation.'
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