Ecosystem Test

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Ecosystem Test - 56

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

The energy which is present in the biomass of plant is known as

A
Gross primary productivity

B
Net productivity

C
Secondary productivity

D
Net primary productivity

Solution

•Gross primary productivity is the total rate of photosynthesis including the organic matter used up in respiration.
•Net productivity is the rate of storage of organic matter not used by heterotrophs or consumers.
•Secondary productivity is the rate of energy storage at consumer's level.
•Net primary productivity is the rate of storage of organic matter in plant tissues in excess of respiratory utilisation by plants. NPP is equal to the rate of organic matter produced by photosynthesis minus the rate of respiration losses.
Hence, the energy present in the biomass of the plants is known as Net primary productivity.
$$NPP = GPP -$$ Respiratory loss.
So, the correct answer is D.
Question 2
1 / -0

An ecological pyramid of biomass is a representation of the ecosystems

A
tissue at each trophic level

B
biologic material in relation to abiotic material

C
energy flow through each trophic level

D
populations in each food web

Solution

A biomass pyramid shows the total mass of the organisms that each trophic level occupies in an ecosystem. This can be referred to as tissue mass present at each trophic level.
So, the correct option is, 'tissue at each trophic level'.
Question 3
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Standing state of the ecosystem is

A
Living and non-living components

B
None of the above

C
Only living components

D
Total weight of non-living components

Solution

An ecosystem is an interaction between living and non-living components of an environment. The standing state of an ecosystem is the total amount of inorganic nutrients which may be calcium, phosphorus etc in an ecosystem. They are only the non-living components of an ecosystem.
So, the correct option is 'Total weight of non-living components'.
Question 4
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Which of these ecosystems has the lowest primary productivity per square meter?

A
Salt marsh

B
Open ocean

C
Grassland

D
Tropical forest

Solution

Primary productivity is a term used to describe the rate at which plants and other photosynthetic organisms produce organic compounds in an ecosystem. .The biomes with the lowest levels of primary productivity include deserts, the tundra, the open ocean, and the lakes and streams biome.
So, the correct option is 'Open Ocean'.
Question 5
1 / -0

Which of the following statement incorrect regarding ecological succession?

A
Species diversity, biomass increase

B
Net community productivity decrease

C
Succession and evolution would been parallel process

D
Future seral community cant be predicted

Solution

Ecological succession is the gradual process by which ecosystems change and develop over time. Nothing remains the same and habitats are constantly changing. In the ecological succession the biomass overall decreases. There are two main types of succession, primary and secondary. So the correct option is 'Species diversity, biomass increases'.
Question 6
1 / -0

The term ecological succession was first given by

A
Odum

B
Clements

C
King

D
Hult

Solution

The term ecological succession was first given by Ragnar Hult in 1885. Ecological succession is the process of change in the structure of different species of an ecological community or ecosystem over time. It is the process by which the structure of a biological community evolves over time. There are two types of succession, namely primary and secondary ecological succession.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Question 7
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Which is not correct?

A
In most ecosystems, the pyramids of numbers and biomass are upright

B
In tree dominated ecosystem, the pyramid of numbers is inverted

C
In deep water ecosystem, the pyramid of biomass is upright

D
Pyramid of energy expresses mainly the rate of food production

E
Total energy flow at successive trophic levels always decreases

Solution

The pyramids of numbers and biomass can be upright and inverted
So, the correct answer is 'In most ecosystems, the pyramids of number and biomass are upright'
Question 8
1 / -0

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given :
One of the lessons from an energy pyramid is that

A
only one-half of the energy in one trophic level is passed on to the next level

B
the energy lost as heat or in cellular respiration is 10% of the available energy of each trophic level

C
ecological efficiency is highest for primary consumers

D
eating grain-fed beef is an inefficient means of obtaining the energy trapped by photosynthesis

Solution

An energy pyramid is the graphical representation of energy flow in a particular community. The different trophic levels represent a different group of animals. Here only ten percent of the energy is passed on to the next trophic level. As the organism of one trophic level is consumed by the organism of the next trophic level, energy decreases as it goes up the trophic level. So, the correct answer is "eating grain-fed beef is an inefficient means of obtaining the energy trapped by photosynthesis".
Question 9
1 / -0

The graphic presentation of various aspects of ecosystems are in the form of pyramids. When such a presentation is made with reference to energy at different trophic levels, it will make

A
An erect pyramid

B
An inverted pyramid

C
A cylinder

D
A pyramid of variable shape

Solution

The pyramidal representation of trophic levels of different organisms based on their ecological position [producer to final consumer] is called as an ecological pyramid. The food producer forms the base of the pyramid and the top carnivore forms the tip. An energy pyramid represents the amount of energy at each trophic level and loss of energy at each transfer to another trophic level. Hence the pyramid is always upward, with a large energy base at the bottom.
So the correct option is 'an erect pyramid'.
Question 10
1 / -0

Which of the following is true of ecological pyramids

A
Pyramids built upon biomass of organisms at each level eliminate size as a factor in the organisms

B
Energy gains between trophic levels occur based upon biomass conversion

C
Limited number of trophic levels man ecological pyramid are due to increasing complexity and size of organisms at each greater trophic level

D
None of the above

Solution

An ecological pyramid is a graphical representation designed to show the biomass or bio productivity at each trophic level in a given ecosystem. Biomass pyramids show how much biomass is present in the organisms at each trophic level, while productivity pyramids show the procreation or turnover in biomass. A "pyramid of biomass" shows the relationship between biomass and trophic level by quantifying the biomass present at each trophic level of an energy community at a particular time irrespective of the size of the organisms. It is a graphical representation of biomass (total amount of living or organic matter in an ecosystem) present in unit area in different trophic levels.
So the correct option is 'pyramids built upon biomass of organisms at each level eliminate size as a factor in the organisms'.

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Ecosystem Test - 56

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Ecosystem Test - 56

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Gross primary productivity

Net productivity

Secondary productivity

Net primary productivity

Solution

Question 2

tissue at each trophic level

biologic material in relation to abiotic material

energy flow through each trophic level

populations in each food web

Solution

Question 3

Living and non-living components

None of the above

Only living components

Total weight of non-living components

Solution

Question 4

Salt marsh

Open ocean

Grassland

Tropical forest

Solution

Question 5

Species diversity, biomass increase

Net community productivity decrease

Succession and evolution would been parallel process

Future seral community cant be predicted

Solution

Question 6

Odum

Clements

King

Hult

Solution

Question 7

In most ecosystems, the pyramids of numbers and biomass are upright

In tree dominated ecosystem, the pyramid of numbers is inverted

In deep water ecosystem, the pyramid of biomass is upright

Pyramid of energy expresses mainly the rate of food production

Total energy flow at successive trophic levels always decreases

Solution

Question 8

only one-half of the energy in one trophic level is passed on to the next level

the energy lost as heat or in cellular respiration is 10% of the available energy of each trophic level

ecological efficiency is highest for primary consumers

eating grain-fed beef is an inefficient means of obtaining the energy trapped by photosynthesis

Solution

Question 9

An erect pyramid

An inverted pyramid

A cylinder

A pyramid of variable shape

Solution

Question 10

Pyramids built upon biomass of organisms at each level eliminate size as a factor in the organisms

Energy gains between trophic levels occur based upon biomass conversion

Limited number of trophic levels man ecological pyramid are due to increasing complexity and size of organisms at each greater trophic level

None of the above

Solution

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