Ecosystem Test

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Ecosystem Test - 60

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Temperature is considered as the most ecologically relevant environmental factor because it affects ________ of organisms

A
physiology

B
morphology

C
geographical distribution

D
all of these

Solution

Temperature is the most relevant environment factor. The temperature varies seasonally. The physiological functions, morphology and the geographical distribution of many plants and animals is governed by temperature.
Question 2
1 / -0

What kind of pyramid is represented by the given figure?

A
Pyramid of numbers in a pond ecosystem

B
Pyramid of numbers in a parasitic food chain

C
Pyramid of biomass in a forest ecosystem

D
It is a wrong pyramid
Solution
Correct Option: C
Explanation:
Biomass is defined as the mass of living organisms present in a particular area.
A biomass pyramid shows the level of biomass in each trophic level.
- The given pyramid shows secondary consumers on the top.
- As we move down, there are the primary consumers and then, the producers.
Hence, the pyramid of biomass in a forest ecosystem is represented by the given figure.
Question 3
1 / -0

Study the following ecological pyramids carefully. Match the following statements (i), (ii) and (iii) with given pyramids A, B and C and select the correct answer.
(i) Inverted pyramid of biomass depicting small standing crop of phytoplanktons supporting a large standing crop of zooplanktons.
(ii) Pyramid of numbers in a grassland ecosystem showing about $$6$$ million producers.
(iii) Upright pyramid of biomass.

A
A-(ii), B-(iii), C-(i)

B
A-(ii), B-(i), C-(iii)

C
A-(i), B-(iii), C-(ii)

D
A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iii)

Solution

When the biomass of producer is less and that of the consumer is more the pyramid will have an inverted shape. It occurs in a pond and lake ecosystem. Here the biomass of diatoms in planktons is negligible as compared to their date of crustaceans and small fishes. inverted pyramid soil found in that ecosystem where the number and biomass of producers of more and those of consumers are less.

In most of the ecosystems, the number of the biomass of producers is more than those of a consumer is less. This type of ecosystem has a pyramid where the apex is pointed upwards. This type of pyramid is known as upright pyramid.

In some ecosystem, the number of the producers is more than the consumers. The apex is pointed upwards. This is known as the upright pyramid of the number. Found in the grassland ecosystem.
So, the correct option is 'A-(ii), B-(iii), C-(i)'
Question 4
1 / -0

Study the following statement and select the incorrect one.

A
Shorter food chains provide more energy as compared to longer food chains

B
Ecological factors connected with physical geographical of earth are called topographic factors

C
The pyramid of biomass is upright in a grassland ecosystem and the pyramid of number is upright in a parasitic food chain

D
None of these

Solution

Pyramid of biomass for terrestrial ecosystems (grasslands, forests) the biomass generally decreases at each higher trophic level from plants via herbivores to carnivores. This is evident from the fact that the terrestrial producers’ viz. grasses, trees and shrubs have a much higher biomass than the animals that consume them, such as deer, zebras and insects. A single plant or animal in a parasitic food chain may support numerous parasites, which might be further supporting a larger number of hyperparasites. Thus, the pyramid of numbers in a parasitic food chain is inverted.
So the correct option is 'the pyramid of biomass is upright in a grassland ecosystem and the pyramid of number is upright in a parasitic food chain'.
Question 5
1 / -0

Primary succession occurs on

A
Area destroyed due to forest fire

B
Newly formed river delta

C
Harvested crop field

D
All of these

Solution

Primary succession starts from the primitive substratum, where previously there was not any sort of living matter. The first groups of plants establishing there are known as the pioneers, primary community or primary colonisers. Newly formed river delta, newly exposed sea floor, igneous rocks, sand dunes, new cooled lava sediments are some examples of primary bare area. Primary succession takes a long time for completion, several hundred to several thousand years.
So, the correct answer is 'Newly formed river delta'.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which one of the following is not one of the three aspects studied in biogeochemical cycling?

A
The nature and size of natural reservoir

B
The rate of movement between reservoirs

C
Interaction between different biogeochemical cycles

D
Creation of their own biogeochemical cycles by new species

Solution

The cyclic movement of the elements from the abiotic system to the biotic system and back again is the biogeochemical cycle. These chemicals form the compounds of food, so these are also known as nutrient cycles.
Some of the important biogeochemical cycles are carbon cycle, Oxygen cycle nitrogen cycle, Phosphorus cycle.
Following aspect are studied in biogeochemical cycling-
The nature and size of the natural reservoir
The rate of movement between reservoirs
The interaction between different biogeochemical cycles
The correct option is the 'creation of their own biogeochemical cycles by new species'
Question 7
1 / -0

Pyramid of numbers is?

A
Always upright

B
Always inverted

C
Either upright or inverted

D
Neither upright nor inverted

Solution

Ecological pyramids are a pictorial representation of a relationship between organisms at different trophic levels, regarding energy, biomass or number. Pyramid of numbers can be either upright or inverted. For example in a grassland ecosystem, pyramid of number will be upright because number of primary consumers are less than primary producers and that of secondary consumers are less than primary consumers and so on. On the other hand, in a parasitic food chain the pyramid of number will be inverted.
So, the correct answer is 'Either upright or inverted'.
Question 8
1 / -0

Which one of the following statements regarding CO gas is correct ?

A
It is produced by the complete combustion of fossil fuels.

B
It combines with haemoglobin to form carbamino-haemoglobin.

C
It impairs oxygen transport resulting in giddiness, headache, asphyxia and even death.

D
All of these

Solution

Carbon monoxide ( CO ) is produced due to incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, metallurgical operations, automobile emission, cigarette smoking. CO combines with haemoglobin, produces carboxyhaemoglobin which impairs oxygen transport resulting in headache, decreased vision, cardiovascular disease, asphyxia.

Question 9

1 / -0

Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes.

Column I	Column II
A. Pioneers	(i) Vegetation which modifies its own environment and thus causing its own replacement
B. Autogenic succession	(ii) Replacement of existing community by external conditions
C. Allogenic succession	(iii) Establishment of organisms in an area into which they have come by dispersal or migration
D. Ecesis	(iv) Primary colonizers

A-(iv), B-(i), C-(ii), D-(iii)

A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(iv)

A-(ii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(iii)

A-(i), B-(iv), C-(iii), D-(ii)

Solution

Pioneers or primary colonisers are the first organisms to inhabit an area. In ecology, autogenic succession is succession driven by the biotic components of an ecosystem whereas allogenic succession is succession driven by the abiotic components of ecosystem. In other words, we can say that, in autogenic succession, the vegetation(biotic components) itself modifies it own environment and causes the succession to occur. In allogenic succession, replacement or modification of existing community occurs by external(or abiotic) factors such as volcanic eruptions, flooding, human interference, etc. Ecesis refers to the establishment of organisms in a new environment or area, into which they have come by dispersal or migration.

So, the correct answer is 'A-(iv), B-(i), C-(ii), D-(iii)'.

Question 10
1 / -0

As the succession proceeds number and types of _________ change.

A
Vegetation

B
Animals

C
Vegetation and animals

D
Vegetation, animals and decomposers

Solution

Ecological succession usually describes changes in vegetation but vegetational changes in turn affect food and shelter for various animals. Thus, number and types of animals and decomposers also change during succession.

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Ecosystem Test - 60

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Ecosystem Test - 60

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

physiology

morphology

geographical distribution

all of these

Solution

Question 2

Pyramid of numbers in a pond ecosystem

Pyramid of numbers in a parasitic food chain

Pyramid of biomass in a forest ecosystem

It is a wrong pyramid

Solution

Question 3

A-(ii), B-(iii), C-(i)

A-(ii), B-(i), C-(iii)

A-(i), B-(iii), C-(ii)

A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iii)

Solution

Question 4

Shorter food chains provide more energy as compared to longer food chains

Ecological factors connected with physical geographical of earth are called topographic factors

The pyramid of biomass is upright in a grassland ecosystem and the pyramid of number is upright in a parasitic food chain

None of these

Solution

Question 5

Area destroyed due to forest fire

Newly formed river delta

Harvested crop field

All of these

Solution

Question 6

The nature and size of natural reservoir

The rate of movement between reservoirs

Interaction between different biogeochemical cycles

Creation of their own biogeochemical cycles by new species

Solution

Question 7

Always upright

Always inverted

Either upright or inverted

Neither upright nor inverted

Solution

Question 8

It is produced by the complete combustion of fossil fuels.

It combines with haemoglobin to form carbamino-haemoglobin.

It impairs oxygen transport resulting in giddiness, headache, asphyxia and even death.

All of these

Solution

Question 9

A-(iv), B-(i), C-(ii), D-(iii)

A-(i), B-(ii), C-(iii), D-(iv)

A-(ii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(iii)

A-(i), B-(iv), C-(iii), D-(ii)

Solution

Question 10

Vegetation

Animals

Vegetation and animals

Vegetation, animals and decomposers

Solution

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