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Ecosystem Test - 75

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Ecosystem Test - 75
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    In a climax community
    Solution
    A) Correct Option B
    B) Explanation for correct option

    • A climax community is a biological community of living organism formed through the process of ecological succession has reached a steady state. 
    • This equilibrium occurs because the climax community is composed of species best adapted to average conditions in that area. 
    • A food chain differs from a food web because the complex network of different animal's feeding relations are aggregated and the chain only follows a direct, linear pathway of one animal at a time
  • Question 2
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    Succession in a water body leads to formation of
    Solution
    The process of ecological changes that establishes a series of natural communities that are replaced over time is known as succession and is of two types primary and secondary. The primary succession of water bodies such as lakes and ponds results in the conversion of these water bodies into the land community. 
    Hydrosere is the primary succession of water bodies and leads to the development of the land community in aquatic environments such as lakes and ponds. Hence, the vegetation if this succession would be halophytic vegetation.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    The largest vegetational group is known as
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    The ecological pyramid of numbers in pond ecosystem is
    Solution
    In a pond ecosystem, the pyramid of numbers is upright. Here, the producers, which are mainly the phytoplankton as algae, bacteria etc. are more in number than the herbivores, which are smaller fish rotifers etc. The secondary consumers (carnivores), such as small fish eating each other, water beetles etc. are less in number than the herbivores. Finally, the top (tertiary) consumers, the bigger fish are minimum in number. So, the correct answer is option A. 

  • Question 5
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    Given below is one of the types of ecological pyramids. This type represents 

    Solution
    Pyramid of biomass is a diagrammatic representation of the amount of organic material (biomass) measured in grams of dry mass per square metre, found in a particular habitat at ascending trophic levels of a food chain. The given figure shows the pyramid of biomass in a lake. It is inverted pyramids of biomass. In a pond or lake ecosystem, the biomass of diatoms and other phytoplankton is quite negligible as compared with that of the crustaceans and small herbivorous fish that feed on these producers. The biomass of large carnivorous fish living on small fishes is still greater. In fact, this is the condition in most aquatic ecosystems, including the sea. 
    Therefore, the correct answer is option C.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    Which of the following representation shows the pyramid of numbers in a forest ecosystem?

    Solution
    The pyramid of numbers describes the relationship in terms of the number of producers, herbivores and the carnivores at their successive trophic levels. The number pyramid varies from ecosystem to ecosystem. Partly upright pyramid of number is seen in the forest ecosystem where the number of producers are lesser in number and support a greater number of herbivores and which in turn support a fewer number of carnivores thus making the pyramid again upright. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 7
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    Which one of the following statements for pyramid of energy is incorrect, whereas the remaining three are correct?
    Solution
    Pyramid of energy is always upright and can never be inverted, because when energy flows from a trophic level to the next trophic level some energy is always lost as heat at each step. 
  • Question 8
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    Which one of the following statements is correct for secondary succession?
    Solution

    Correct Option: C
    Explanation:  

    • Secondary succession is a process started by an event (e.g., forest fire, harvesting, hurricane) that reduces an already established ecosystem (e.g., a forest or a wheat field) to a smaller population of species and as such secondary succession occurs on preexisting soil. 
    • Secondary biotic succession occurs in abandoned farmlands, burned or cut forests and lands that have been flooded. It is not similar to primary succession and neither it follows primary succession. It does not begin on bare rock as well. 
  • Question 9
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    The number of primary producers in a specified area would be maximum in 
    Solution
    Pyramid of numbers is the sequential arrangement of the trophic level on the basis of the number of organism present at each level. In grassland, the producers, which are mainly grasses, are always maximum in number as compared to the primary consumers (herbivores) like rabbits, mice etc. are which are lesser in number than the grasses, the secondary consumers, snakes, and lizards are lesser in number than the rabbits and mice. Finally, the top (tertiary) consumers hawks or other birds are least in number. Thus, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 10
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    Ginkgo has been taken out of the list of endangered species, because it had been conserved by
    Solution
    Ex-situ conservation means literally, 'off-site conservation'. It is the process of protecting an endangered species of plant or animal outside its natural habitat; for example, by removing part of the population from a threatened habitat and placing it in a new location, which may be a wild area or within the care of humans. While ex-situ conservation comprises some of the oldest and best known conservation methods, it also involves newer, sometimes controversial laboratory methods.
    Ginkgo biloba was once widespread throughout the world. However, only two populations are found to grow in the wild today.
    The Ginkgo biloba tree has been propagated throughout the centuries, and is now cultivated worldwide. 
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