Biodiversity and Conservation Test

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Biodiversity and Conservation Test - 43

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Which of the following is/are factors that pose a great threat to biodiversity?

A
Habitat destruction

B
Disturbance and introduction of alien species

C
Man's interference with nature

D
All of the above

Solution

Biodiversity refers to the variety of organisms in an ecosystem. However, the biodiversity of an ecosystem is lost when there is fragmentation of the habitat or invasion by any alien species. The interference of the man with the nature and exploitation of its resources can result in the loss of the biodiversity.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.
Question 2
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Which of the following activities disturbs the ecological balance by man's interference with nature?

A
Afforestation

B
Recycling of paper

C
Poaching endangered animals

D
Rain harvesting

Solution

The humans interfere with the resources of nature and exploit the natural resources for the benefit by over-exploitation which results in the imbalance in the biological system. There is an imbalance due to the reduction in the number of animals due to poaching and hunting. The animals are considered in the list of endangered species due to these extreme activities.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 3
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Which of these activities help to maintain biodiversity?
I - Protect endangered species
II - Set up forest reserves
III - Clear land for agriculture

A
l and II only

B
I and III only

C
II and III only

D
I, II and Ill

Solution

Biodiversity is the variety of organisms which include plants, animals, and microbes in a particular habitat. There is the loss of biodiversity due to the interference by the humans. The measures taken for maintaining the biodiversity is to protect the endangered species to prevent them from getting extinct. The forest reserves need to set up by the programs of reforestation and afforestation.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 4
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How does the genetic diversity of a modern corn field compare to the genetic diversity of a population of the pre-domesticated corn plant?

A
Less diversity

B
More diversity

C
More genetic diversity, but less phenotypic variation

D
The same amount of diversity

Solution

The genetic diversity of a modern corn field is more diverse as it may contain genes transferred from from bacteria, to naturally protect it from pests
For example, Bt corn
However, a pre domesticated corn plant is the one that is most suitable to be grown in a certain environment, majorly by artificial selection that is cross breeding and deriving a gene pool from an existing one that can provide a better commercial value
Example - sweet corn, a recessive trait, but is abundantly available due to taste preference and comparatively soft kernels
Question 5
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Community ecologists have observed that populations of organisms in fragmented habitats are smaller and tend to be more prone to extinction.
Based on this information, which of the following graphs best depicts what would happen if the Great Limpopo Transfrontier Park with an area of 35,000 square kilometers was replaced by 10 fragmented parks that collectively had an equivalent area of 35,000 square kilometers?

A

B

C

D

Solution

According to given information, the population of organisms in fragmented habitats are smaller, because of competition both intra and inter specific and limited resources. Here, the carrying capacity of the habitat is low and the organisms are easily prone to extinction due to a small change in environmental condition or a calamity.
So, the correct answer is 'option B'
Question 6
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Elephant population numbers have decreased significantly in the recent history due to hunting and habitat destruction. Which of the following is likely to be true of the current elephant population when compared the ancestral populations?

A
The current population is expected to be faster.

B
The current population is expected to have a more intricate social structure.

C
The current population is expected to have larger tusks.

D
The current population is expected to have less genetic diversity.

Solution

Genetic diversity is the total number of genetic characters present within a species. Elephant population numbers have decreased significantly in the recent history due to hunting and habitat destruction. Due to lesser number of elephants, the genetic diversity within the current population will be less as compared to ancestral population which was having large number of elephants.
Thus, the correct answer is 'The current population is expected to have less genetic diversity.'
Question 7
1 / -0

Which of these activities help to maintain biodiversity?

A
(i) and (ii) only

B
(i) and (iii) only

C
(ii) and (iii) only

D
(i), (ii) and (iii)

Solution

Biodiversity is the variety of organisms which include plants, animals, and microbes in a particular habitat. There is the loss of biodiversity due to the interference by the humans. The measures taken for maintaining the biodiversity is to protect the endangered species to prevent them from getting extinct. The forest reserves need to set up by the programs of reforestation and afforestation.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 8
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A species that lacks the genetic diversity necessary to adapt to changes in the environment is more likely to

A
Develop cells that accumulate mutations over time

B
Become suited to new environments that may develop

C
Eventually become extinct

D
Develop resistance to infectious disease

E
Become less genetically diverse

Solution

According to Darwin's concept of natural selection, as a struggle for existence, only those organisms could survive which have favourable variation to adapt with the environmental conditions. In other words, struggle for existence results in survival of the fittest which means that natural selection tends to favour those organisms which are most fit to survive with the reproductive age in a particular environment and to produce offspring.
Those organisms that fail to adapt to changes in the environment are likely to become extinct as they won't be able to survive in the changing environment.
So, the correct answer is 'Eventually become extinct'.
Question 9
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All of these are human activities that threaten biodiversity except

A
The release of excess nitrates from agricultural runoff

B
Over-harvesting of plants and animals

C
Overuse of herbicides

D
Habitat preservation

E
Excessive ultraviolet radiation from a depleted ozone layers

Solution

A. Various fertilizers are used in agriculture which contain nitrogen as a key component. Runoff from agricultural land causes the release of excess nitrates.
B. Over harvesting of plants and animals for profit by the mankind has resulted into extinction of various species.
C. Overuse of herbicides kills the soil microflora and other microorganisms also.
D. Habitat preservation is not a threat to biodiversity as it will save the species.
E. Ozone has depleted due to various human activities like CFCs and due to this, excess ultraviolet rays can reach the earth and cause various problems to biodiversity.
Hence statement C is incorrect.
So, the correct answer is 'Habitat preservation'.
Question 10
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All of these are reasons why biodiversity is important except

A
It allows for adjustment to disturbances.

B
It cleans water.

C
It provides food and materials.

D
It has led to medical discoveries.

E
It increases extinction rates.

Solution

A. Biodiversity allows for adjustments to various disturbances. For example, trees control the rainfall.
B. As the polluted water flows through the dense areas having plants, it gets cleaned naturally.
C. Biodiversity provides food both for animals and mankind.
D. Biodiversity has to medical discoveries as various medicinal plants have been discovered.
E. Biodiversity reduces the extinction rates.
Hence statement E is incorrect.
So, the correct answer is 'It increases extinction rates'.