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Biodiversity and Conservation Test - 76

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Biodiversity and Conservation Test - 76
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0
    Number of plant species reported in India are
    Solution
    The flora of India is one of the richest of the world due to a wide range of climate, topology and environments in the country. It is thought there are over 17,500 species of flowering plants in India. India covers more than 45,000 species of flora, out of which there are several species that are not found anywhere else. Since ancient times, use of plants as a source of medicines has been the inherent part of life in India. There are more than 3000 officially documented plants in India that holds great medicinal potential. India comprises seven percent of world's flora.
  • Question 2
    1 / -0
    The lion tailed monkeys Malaca malaca silenus are found only in the region of
    Solution
    The lion-tailed macaque (Macaca silenus), or the wanderoo, is an 'Old World monkey' endemic to the Western Ghats of South India. A recent assessment for IUCN reports 3000-3500 of these animals live scattered over several areas in Kerala. 
    The lion-tailed macaque ranks among the rarest and most threatened primates. Lion-tailed macaque behaviour is characterized by typical patterns, such as arboreal living, selectively feeding on a large variety of fruit trees, large inter individual spaces, while foraging, and time budgets with high proportion of time devoted to exploration and feeding. 
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    Keystone species deserve protection because these
    Solution
    Correct option is D
    Explanation for Correct option:-
    • Those species which have a significant influence on the community structure and characteristics are known as keystone species.
    • It has a low abundance compared to the dominant species.
    • Removal of such species can cause serious defects in the structure and function of the community
    • Therefore, these species deserve protection. As It is a dominant predator whose removal allows the increase in the population of prey.
  • Question 4
    1 / -0
    Study the four statements (a-d) given below and select the two correct ones out of them.
    (a) A lion eating a deer and a sparrow feeding on grain are ecologically similar in being consumers.
    (b) Predator star fish, Pisaster helps in maintaining species diversity of some invertebrates.
    (c) Predators ultimately lead to the extinction of prey species.
    (d) Production of chemicals such as nicotine, strychnine by the plants are metabolic disorders.
    The two correct statements are 
    Solution
    • A lion eating a deer and a sparrow feeding on grain are ecologically similar being consumers is the correct statement as both receive energy by consuming other organisms.
    • The starfish Pisaster is a keystone species in the rocky marine intertidal communities off the northwest coast of North America. This predatory starfish feeds on the mussel Mytilus californianus and is responsible for maintaining much of the local diversity of species within certain communities.
    • Predators ultimately lead to the extinction of prey species is an incorrect statement as predators do not lead to extinction, it actually maintain the equilibrium in the ecosystem.
    • The production of chemicals such as nicotine, strychnine by the plants are not metabolic disorders.
    Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
  • Question 5
    1 / -0
    Wild life (protection) Act, 1972 includes which of the following objectives?
    Solution
    The Wildlife Act was passed in 1972 to protect the wildlife and their habitats. The major activities and provisions in the act can be summed up as follows: 
    1. It defines the wildlife related terminology. 
    2. Enactment of an All India Wildlife Protection Act (1972). 
    3. It provides for the appointment of wildlife advisory Board, Wildlife warden, their powers, duties etc. 
    4. Becoming a party to the Convention of International Trade in Endangered Species of Fauna and Flora (CITES, 1976). 
    5. Launching a national component of UNESCOs Man and Biosphere Programme (1971). 
    6. Under the Act, comprehensive listing of endangered wildlife species was done for the first time and prohibition of hunting of the endangered species was mentioned. 
    7. Protection to some endangered plants. 
    8. The Act provides for setting up of National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries etc. 
    9. The Act provides for the constitution of Central Zoo Authority. 
    10. There is provision for trade and commerce in some wildlife species with license for sale, possession, transfer etc.
    11. The act imposes a ban on the trade or commerce in scheduled animals. 
    12. It provides for legal powers to officers and punishment to offenders.
    Therefore, the correct answer is option D.
  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    What is the zoological name of Indian peacock, the national birds?
    Solution
    Indian peacock also known as Indian peafowl is a large and brightly coloured bird, is a species of peafowl native to south Asia, but introduced in many other parts of the world. Zoological name is Pavo cristatus. It is national bird of India. Passer domesticus is zoological name of House sparrow. Columba livia is zoological name of pigeon. Psittacula eupatria is zoological name of parakeet. Hence, option B is correct answer.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    The species though insignificant in number; determine the existence of many other species in a given ecosystem. Such species is known as
    Solution
    A keystone species is a species that has a disproportionately large effect on its environment relative to its abundance. Such species are described as playing a critical role in maintaining the structure of an ecological community, affecting many other organisms in an ecosystem and helping to determine the types and numbers of various other species in the community. 
    Extinction is the end of an organism or of a group of organisms (taxon), normally a species.
    Endemic species is one that is only found in that region and nowhere else in the world. They are of conservation concern because they are not widespread and may be confined to only one or two protected areas. 
    Certain life forms, often a keystone species, are sacred to indigenous peoples because they present a body of knowledge and ways leading to balanced relationship with life.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    Which species has rapid generation time?
    Solution

    Anecic species : Represented by species, which build permanent vertical burrows by coating them with their mucons that penetrates deep into soil e.g., Lumbricus. Endogeic species build horizontal burrows in upper mineral soil. Only these species contribute maximum to humus e.g., Pheretima.
    Epigeic have highest generation time and are found in top loose soil and we can easily use them for making vermicompost, e.g., Eisenia fetida.
    Earthworms plays different roles in ecosystems. Their feeding and burrowing activities incorporate organic residues into the soil thereby  enhancing the process of decomposition, humus formation, nutrient cycling, and soil structural development. 
    Thus, the correct answer is option B.
  • Question 9
    1 / -0
    The interbreeding individuals of a species showing continuous distribution are
    Solution
    In biology, a deme is a term for a local population of organisms of one species, that actively interbreed with one another and share a distinct gene pool. When demes are isolated for a very long time they can become distinct subspecies or species. The term 'deme' is mainly used in evolutionary biology and is often used as a synonym for population. In evolutionary computation a "deme" often refers to any isolated subpopulation subjected to selection as a unit rather than as individuals. 
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    Pick the correct match. 


    		  Column I    Column II
     A. Sardar sarovar dam     1. Tehri
     B. Chipko movement 2. MP
     C.  Tehri dam 3. Uttaranchal
     D. Indira sagar project  4. Gujrat  
    Solution
    • The Sardar Sarovar Dam is a gravity dam on the Narmada river near Navagam, Gujarat in India. It is the largest dam and part of the Narmada Valley Project. 
    • In the 1970s and 1980s, the resistance to the destruction of forests spread throughout India and became organized and known as the Chipko Movement. The first Chipko action took place spontaneously in April 1973 and over the next five years spread to many districts of Uttaranchal. 
    • The Tehri Dam is the tallest dam in India and one of the tallest in the world. It is a multi-purpose rock and earth-fill embankment dam on the Bhagirathi River near Tehri in Uttarakhand, India. 
    • The Indira Sagar Dam is a multipurpose project of Madhya Pradesh on the Narmada River at Narmadanagar, Mundi in the Khandwa district of Madhya Pradesh.
    Therefore, the correct answer is option B.
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