Biodiversity and Conservation Test

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Biodiversity and Conservation Test - 82

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Select option giving absolute correct statement for biodiversity.
(i) Tandoba national park is situated in Madhya Pradesh.
(ii) Conservation of genetic resources outside their natural habitat is known as In-situ conservation.
(iii) Buffer zone is managed to use for research and educational activities.
(iv) In our country Eastern Himalayan region is called biodiversity hot spot.

A
(i), (ii) and (iv)

B
(iii) and (iv)

C
(i) and (iii)

D
(ii) and (iv)

Solution

Tadoba national park is a unique ecosystem and is situated in the Chandrapur district of the Maharashtra. Conservation of genetic resources outside their natural habitat is known as ex-situ conservation. Conservation of genetic resources at their natural habitat is known as In-situ conservation. Buffer zone is managed to use for research and educational activities. It surrounds the core area. In our country, Eastern Himalayan region is called biodiversity hot spot. It is geologically young and shows high variation in altitude.
Thus, the correct answer is '(iii) and (iv).'
Question 2
1 / -0

Rivet popper hypothesis was given by

A
Paul Ehrlich

B
Alexander von Humboldt

C
David Tilman

D
Robert May.

Solution

It is a theory that entails about the conditions of ecosystem wherein a significant loss of a certain species affects the functions and diversity of an ecological community. This hypothesis was given by Paul Ehrlich who used an airplane to explain ecosystem and the passengers as the rivet in the ecosystem. If certain biological areas lose several important species it can lead to a total collapse of ecosystem functions, thus this hypothesis presupposed that communities consist of relatively specialized species with limited ability to compensate each other thereby the vanished of a certain species are important to the performance of the ecosystem. The rate of species loss affects the entire function of ecological unit. Rivet hypothesis asserts that each species losses to an ecological unit can decrease ecosystem functions although the decrease is rather slow as more species are eliminated. In this depiction any loss of diversity is clearly noticeable.
So the correct option is 'Paul Ehrlich'.
Question 3
1 / -0

Select the option that correctly identifies, I, II, III and IV.

A
I - Biosphere reserves; II - National parks, wildlife sanctuaries; III - Scared groves; IV - Gene banks, cryopreservation.

B
I - Scared plants, home gardens; II - National parks, wildlife sanctuaries; III - Arboreta; IV - Gene banks, cryopreservation.

C
I - Biosphere reserves; II - Gene banks, cryopreservation; III - Scared plants, home gardens; IV - National parks, wildlife sanctuaries.

D
I - Biosphere reserves; II - Arboreta; III - Gene banks, cryopreservation IV - National parks, wildlife sanctuaries.

Solution

In-situ conservation is the on-site conservation or the conservation of genetic resources in natural populations of plant or animal species, such as forest genetic resources in natural populations of Teagan species.[1] It is the process of protecting an endangered plant or animal species in its natural habitat, either by protecting or restoring the habitat itself, or by defending the species from predators. It is applied to conservation of agricultural biodiversity in agro ecosystems by farmers, especially those using unconventional farming practices. About 4% of the total geographical area of the country is used for in situ conservation. The following methods are presently used for in situ conservation. Biosphere reserves cover very large areas, often more than 5000 km2. They are used to protect species for a long time. Currently, there are 18 Biosphere Reserves in India. A national park is an area dedicated for the conservation of wildlife along with its environment. It is usually a small reserve covering an area of about 100 to 500 square kilometers. Within biosphere reserves, one or more national parks may also exist. Currently, there are 104 national parks in India. A wildlife sanctuary is an area which is reserved for the conservation of animals only. Currently, there are 543 wild sanctuaries in India.
Ex situ conservation literally means, "off-site conservation". It is the process of protecting an endangered species, variety or breed, of plant or animal outside its natural habitat; for example, by removing part of the population from a threatened habitat and placing it in a new location, which may be a wild area or within the care of humans. The degree to which humans control or modify the natural dynamics of the managed population varies widely, and this may include alteration of living environments, reproductive patterns, access to resources, and protection from predation and mortality. The storage of seeds, pollen, tissue, or embryos in liquid nitrogen. This method can be used for virtually infinite storage of material without deterioration over a much greater time-period relative to all other methods of ex situ conservation. Cryopreservation is also used for the conservation of livestock genetics through Cryoconservation of animal genetic resources. An extensive open-air planting used maintain genetic diversity of wild, agricultural, or forestry species. Typically species that are either difficult or impossible to conserve in seed banks are conserved in field gene banks. Field gene banks may also be used grow and select progeny of species stored by other ex situ techniques.
So the correct option is 'I- Biosphere reserves, II- National park, wildlife sanctuaries, III- sacred groves, IV- Gene banks, cryopreservation'.
Question 4
1 / -0

Which of the following National Parks is home to the famous deer Hangul

A
Dachigam Nationa park $$J$$ and $$K$$

B
Keibul Lamjao National Park, Manipur

C
Bandhavgrah National Park, Madhya Pradesh

D
Eaglenest Wildlife Sanctuary, Arunachal pradesh

Solution

Dachigam Nationa park is found in Srinagar Jammu and Kashmir is famous for snow leopard, black and brown bears, Hangul, Musk deer and have an area of this sanctuary is around 89 square km.

So, the correct option is 'Dachigam Nationa park J and K'.
Question 5
1 / -0

Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate option.
The values of z lies in the range of _______ regardless of the taxonomic group or the region.

A
0.1 to 0.2

B
0.3 to 0.8

C
0.1 to 1.0

D
0.6 to 1.8

Solution

Alexander Von Humboldt observed that within a region richness increased with increased explored area, but only upto a limit. If a graph is plotted between species richness and area then we get a rectangular hyperbola. ON a log scale, the relationship becomes linear (straight line) and is described by the equation,
log S = log C + Z log A
where, S = species richness, Z = slope of the line (regression coefficient)
A = area and C = y-intercept
The value of Z ranges between 0.1 and 0.2 irrespective of the taxonomic group for a small area. But, if a larger area is taken into account then the slope is steeper and the vale of Z ranges between 0.6 and 1.2.
So, the correct option is '0.1 to 0.2'.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which of the following is incorrectly matched?

A
Alpha diversity $$\rightarrow$$ Diversity within a particular ecosystem

B
Gamma diversity $$\rightarrow$$ Diversity within a large region

C
Beta diversity $$\rightarrow$$ Diversity within a large region

D
Epsilon diversity $$\rightarrow$$ Diversity in a single ecosystem

Solution

A.Correct option B

B.Explanation for the correct option:

Beta diversity is the diversity of species between communities or between ecosystems.

C.Explanation of incorrect options:
Option A- Alpha diversity refers to the diversity within a particular area or ecosystem sharing the same community.
Option B- Gamma diversity refers to the diversity of habitat over the total geographical regions
Option D- There is no term called epsilon diversity.
Question 7
1 / -0

Which is the correct option for the statements X, Y and Z?
Statement - X : Gene bank can be developed for conservation of rare genes.
Statement - Y : It has become particularly important for conservation of Crop Varieties and wild genetic resources.
Statement - Z : It is utilised in future crop improvement and forestation programmes.

A
Statement X, Y and Z are correct and statement Z gives correct description for Y.

B
Statement X, Y and Z are correct and statement Z does not give correct description for Y.

C
Statement X, Y and Z are correct and statement X gives correct description for Y.

D
Statements X, Y and Z are wrong.

Solution

Gene bank is a type of biorepository which preserve genetic material. It can be developed for conservation of rare genes. It includes freezing plant parts, stocking the seeds, freezing of sperm and eggs, etc. It have become particularly important for conservation of Crop Varieties and wild genetic resources. This is done in order to prevent the extinction of crop varieties and wild genetic resources. It represents the genetic basis of agriculture and horticulture. It is utilized in future crop improvement and forestation programmes.
Thus, the correct answer is 'Statement X, Y and Z are correct and statement Z gives correct description for Y.'
Question 8
1 / -0

It is a common mushroom in Europe and Western North America, recognizable for its foul odour. The fruiting structure is tall and white with a slimy, dark olive coloured conical head. Known as the gleba, this material contains the spores, and is transported by insects which are attracted by the odour - described as resembling carrion. Identify this mushroom.

A
Galerina marginata

B
Phallus impudicus

C
Cortinarius species

D
Amanita phalloides
Question 9
1 / -0

Which of the following will not affect the frequency of the gene in a large population?

A
A) Environmental selective pressure

B
B) selective immigration

C
C) Random mating

D
D) Non random mating
Solution
- Selective pressures drive natural selection.
- Some members of the population will not survive and reproduce and, thus, will not pass on their genes into the next generation. This change in the genetic makeup of a population is called evolution.
- Hence, Environmental selective pressure will not affect the frequency of the gene in a large population.
- So, the correct answer is 'Environmental selective pressure'.
Question 10
1 / -0

Select an incorrect statement about biodiversity.

A
Mountain peaks are more diverse than foot hills.

B
Valley's are more diverse than mountain peaks.

C
Shade sides are more diverse than sun sides of mountains.

D
Western ghats are more diverse than eastern ghats.

Solution

Valleys, shade side of mountains and western ghats have more trees and water resources where more diverse fauna and flora may be present due to the availability of their life-sustaining resources comparing with the others. Foothills, when compared with the mountain peak, are more diverse because mountain peaks are at higher altitude there is more sunlight, less water or we can say no water and also colder climate when compared to foothills so it will mostly be covered with either snow or there will exist a grassland.

So the correct option is 'A'.

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Biodiversity and Conservation Test - 82

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Biodiversity and Conservation Test - 82

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Question 1

(i), (ii) and (iv)

(iii) and (iv)

(i) and (iii)

(ii) and (iv)

Solution

Question 2

Paul Ehrlich

Alexander von Humboldt

David Tilman

Robert May.

Solution

Question 3

I - Biosphere reserves; II - National parks, wildlife sanctuaries; III - Scared groves; IV - Gene banks, cryopreservation.

I - Scared plants, home gardens; II - National parks, wildlife sanctuaries; III - Arboreta; IV - Gene banks, cryopreservation.

I - Biosphere reserves; II - Gene banks, cryopreservation; III - Scared plants, home gardens; IV - National parks, wildlife sanctuaries.

I - Biosphere reserves; II - Arboreta; III - Gene banks, cryopreservation IV - National parks, wildlife sanctuaries.

Solution

Question 4

Dachigam Nationa park $$J$$ and $$K$$

Keibul Lamjao National Park, Manipur

Bandhavgrah National Park, Madhya Pradesh

Eaglenest Wildlife Sanctuary, Arunachal pradesh

Solution

Question 5

0.1 to 0.2

0.3 to 0.8

0.1 to 1.0

0.6 to 1.8

Solution

Question 6

Alpha diversity $$\rightarrow$$ Diversity within a particular ecosystem

Gamma diversity $$\rightarrow$$ Diversity within a large region

Beta diversity $$\rightarrow$$ Diversity within a large region

Epsilon diversity $$\rightarrow$$ Diversity in a single ecosystem

Solution

Question 7

Statement X, Y and Z are correct and statement Z gives correct description for Y.

Statement X, Y and Z are correct and statement Z does not give correct description for Y.

Statement X, Y and Z are correct and statement X gives correct description for Y.

Statements X, Y and Z are wrong.

Solution

Question 8

Galerina marginata

Phallus impudicus

Cortinarius species

Amanita phalloides

Question 9

A) Environmental selective pressure

B) selective immigration

C) Random mating

D) Non random mating

Solution

Question 10

Mountain peaks are more diverse than foot hills.

Valley's are more diverse than mountain peaks.

Shade sides are more diverse than sun sides of mountains.

Western ghats are more diverse than eastern ghats.

Solution

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