Environmental Issues Test

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Environmental Issues Test - 25

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

In coming years, skin related disorders will be more common due to:

A
Pollutants in air

B
Use of detergents

C
Water pollution

D
Depletion of ozone layer

Solution

Thinning of the ozone layer increases the number of ultraviolet radiations reaching the earth surface. The increased UV-B radiation increases the incidence of cataract, skin cancers herpes, dimming of eyesight, photo burning, snow blindness and deficient functioning of the immune system.
Question 2
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Increase in the percentage of fauna and decrease in flora may be dangerous because it enhances

A
Percentage of $$CO_2$$

B
Percentage of radioactive fallout

C
Percentage of $$O_2$$

D
Percentage of diseases

Solution

Carbon dioxide is normally not a pollutant and is required to carry out normal photosynthesis by green plants. However, an excess concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere due to the combustion of fossil fuels and industrialization leads to global warming. Biologically carbon dioxide is produced by the process of respiration in all living cells be they belong to plant or animals.
Animal cells, however, cannot carry out photosynthesis. If there is a decline in the number of plants and an increase in the number of animals; the balance between the production of carbon dioxide and the consumption of carbon dioxide will tilt in favor of the production of carbon dioxide.

So, the correct answer is 'Percentage of $$CO_2$$
Question 3
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Increase of BOD in water leads to

A
Increase in the dissolved O$$_{2}$$ concentration.

B
Decrease in the dissolved O$$_{2}$$ concentration.

C
Maintenance of dissolved O$$_{2}$$ concentration at the same level.

D
No effect on dissolved O$$_{2}$$ concentration.

Solution

Organic loading is occurrence of excess organic matter inside water due to sewage disposal and eutrophication. This leads to an increase in biological oxygen demand (BOD) for putrefaction. Explosive multiplication of alga leads to algal bloom. These conditions result in decrease in dissolved oxygen in water. Both toxicity due to algal toxins and decreased levels of dissolved oxygen kill aquatic animals.
Question 4
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Gases referred to as 'green house gases' are

A
CO$$_2$$, O$$_2$$, NO$$_2$$, NH$$_3$$

B
Chlorofluoro carbon, CO$$_2$$, NH$$_3$$, N$$_2$$

C
CH$$_4$$, N$$_2$$, CO$$_2$$, NH$$_3$$

D
Chlorofluoro carbon, CO$$_2$$, CH$$_4$$, NO$$_2$$

Solution

The concentration of oxides increases due to the high rate of emission from the vehicle and other human activities like deforestation. The oxides form a layer which traps solar radiation to escape the earth atmosphere which leads to global warming.
So, the correct answer is option D.
Question 5
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Which of the following strategy is not useful for global warming?

A
Use of fossil fuel in limit

B
Increase in forest

C
Increasing use of nitrogen fertilizers

D
Use of other options in the place of CFC

Solution

Strategies to deal with global warming include (i) Complete replacement of chlorofluorocarbons with substitutes that have little effect on ozone and global warming, (ii) Increasing vegetation cover or forests for photosynthetic utilisation of carbon dioxide, (iii) Reduction in the use of nitrogen fertilizers and instead relying more on nitrogen fixation, (iv) Limiting use of fossil fuels by developing alternate sources of energy eg Solar energy, wind energy etc.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which one of the following gases can deplete ozone layer in the upper atmosphere?

A
Ammonia

B
Methane

C
Carbon monoxide

D
None of the above

Solution

Methane can deplete ozone layer in the upper atmosphere. It acts as a greenhouse gas (a gas that traps heat from the sun within earth’s atmosphere) and it also attacks ozone. At low latitudes, methane in the stratosphere breaks down into hydrogen oxides, which attack reaching the ozone layer reacts with it and leads to the splitting of bonds between ozone.
So, the correct answer is option B.
Question 7
1 / -0

Which of the following does not occur when the sewage is discharged into water?

A
Increase in $$O_2$$

B
Cyanophycean blooms occur

C
Depletion of $$O_2$$ layers

D
Eutrophication

Solution

Decomposition of organic matter by microbes requires oxygen. Degree of impurity of water due to organic matter is measured in terms of Biochemical oxygen demand or (BOD).
BOD is the oxygen required by microorganisms to completely metabolise organic wastes present in water.
When untreated sewage is directly discharged into water bodies, it is called organic loading. Organic loading is one source for increased nutrient concentration in water bodies (or eutrophication). It results in increase in BOD and explosive multiplication of blue green alga, called as algal bloom. Algal bloom and increased consumption of oxygen by sewage metabolising microorganisms results in decrease in level of dissolved oxygen in water.
Question 8
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When domestic sewage mixes with river water

A
Small animals like rats will die after drinking river water.

B
The increased microbial activity releases micro nutrients such as iron.

C
The increased microbial activity uses up dissolved oxygen.

D
The river water is still suitable for drinking as impurities are only about 0.1%.

Solution

Organic loading is occurrence of excess organic matter inside water due to sewage disposal and eutrophication. This leads to an increase in biological oxygen demand (BOD) for putrefaction by microorganisms. Also explosive multiplication of blue green alga leads to algal bloom. These conditions result in decrease in dissolved oxygen in water. Both toxicity due to algal toxins and decreased levels of dissolved oxygen kill aquatic animals.
Question 9
1 / -0

The most adverse effect of radioactive pollutant is

A
Gene mutation

B
Hepatitis

C
Polio

D
T.B.

Solution

Harmful effects of radioactive pollution were first recorded in 1909 in uranium miners as skin burns, cancers and mutations. Many plants are killed even at low level of radioactivity. Young and recently divided cells are more easily damaged. Delayed effects of radioactive pollution include tumors, cancers, mutations, genetic deformities, and shorter life span.
So, the correct answer is 'Gene mutation'
Question 10
1 / -0

If forest area is reduced to half, which one of the following will be long term effect?

A
The natives (tribals) of that area will die on account of hunger.

B
Cattles of that area will die due to scarcity of fodder.

C
The diversity in germplasm will affect the crop breeding.

D
It will be converted into large desert.

Solution

Plant breeding is simply applying selection to decrease the frequency of unfavorable alleles (e.g., susceptibility to diseases and insects, susceptibility to drought, and unadaptedness) and increase the frequency of favorable alleles (e.g., increased yield, improved grain quality, and resistance to disease, insects, and environmental stresses). Forests, apparently, are home to more than half of the world's species. If forest area is reduced then genotypic variation between the remaining plants will result in ineffective plant breeding. Since plant breeding will not be possible, breeders will not be able to produce a plant variety having higher yield and quality.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Environmental Issues Test - 25

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Environmental Issues Test - 25

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Pollutants in air

Use of detergents

Water pollution

Depletion of ozone layer

Solution

Question 2

Percentage of $$CO_2$$

Percentage of radioactive fallout

Percentage of $$O_2$$

Percentage of diseases

Solution

Question 3

Increase in the dissolved O$$_{2}$$ concentration.

Decrease in the dissolved O$$_{2}$$ concentration.

Maintenance of dissolved O$$_{2}$$ concentration at the same level.

No effect on dissolved O$$_{2}$$ concentration.

Solution

Question 4

CO$$_2$$, O$$_2$$, NO$$_2$$, NH$$_3$$

Chlorofluoro carbon, CO$$_2$$, NH$$_3$$, N$$_2$$

CH$$_4$$, N$$_2$$, CO$$_2$$, NH$$_3$$

Chlorofluoro carbon, CO$$_2$$, CH$$_4$$, NO$$_2$$

Solution

Question 5

Use of fossil fuel in limit

Increase in forest

Increasing use of nitrogen fertilizers

Use of other options in the place of CFC

Solution

Question 6

Ammonia

Methane

Carbon monoxide

None of the above

Solution

Question 7

Increase in $$O_2$$

Cyanophycean blooms occur

Depletion of $$O_2$$ layers

Eutrophication

Solution

Question 8

Small animals like rats will die after drinking river water.

The increased microbial activity releases micro nutrients such as iron.

The increased microbial activity uses up dissolved oxygen.

The river water is still suitable for drinking as impurities are only about 0.1%.

Solution

Question 9

Gene mutation

Hepatitis

Polio

T.B.

Solution

Question 10

The natives (tribals) of that area will die on account of hunger.

Cattles of that area will die due to scarcity of fodder.

The diversity in germplasm will affect the crop breeding.

It will be converted into large desert.

Solution

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