Environmental Issues Test

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Environmental Issues Test - 64

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Catalytic converters are fitted into automobiles to reduce emission of harmful gases. Catalytic converters change unburnt hydrocarbons into ________________.

A
Carbon dioxide and Water

B
Carbon monooxide

C
Methane

D
Carbon dioxide and Methane
Solution
- Catalytic converters are fitted into automobiles for reducing the emission of poisonous gases.
- Rhodium and Platinum Palladium are examples of catalysts used in catalytic converters.
- They convert unburnt hydrocarbons into carbon dioxide and water, and carbon monoxides and nitric oxide into $$ { CO }_{ 2 } $$ and $$ { N }_{ 2 } $$ gas respectively.
Question 2
1 / -0

Which of the following statements regarding ozone is incorrect ?

A
'Good ozone' is formed in the lower atmosphere (troposphere) that absorbs harmful UV rays coming from Sun, 'bad ozone' is present in the upper part of atmosphere (stratosphere) that harms plants and animals.

B
The thickness of the ozone in a column of air from the ground to the top of the atmosphere is measured in terms of Dobson units (DU).

C
Recognising the deleterious effects of ozone depletion, an international treaty, known as the Montreal Protocol, was signed at Montreal (canada) in 1987 (became effective in 1989) to control the emission of ozone depleting substances.

D
None of these

Solution

The good zone is formed in the ozone layer of the stratosphere and absorbs harmful UV rays coming from the Sun.
Bad ozone is formed in the troposphere in the lower atmosphere and harms plants and animals.
So, the incorrect option is ''Good ozone' is formed in the lower atmosphere (troposphere) that absorbs harmful UV rays coming from Sun, 'bad ozone' is present in the upper part of the atmosphere (stratosphere) that harms plants and animals'.
Question 3
1 / -0

Read the given statements and select the correct option.
Statement 1 : Reforestation is the process of restoring a forest that once existed but was removed at some point of time in the past.
Statement 2 : Reforestation may occur naturally in a deforested area, however it can be speeded up by planting trees with due consideration to biodiversity that earlier existed in that area.

A
Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.

B
Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.

C
Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct.

D
Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.

Solution

Reforestation is the natural or intentional restocking of existing forests and woodlands (forestation) that have been depleted, usually through deforestation. Reforestation can be used to rectify or improve the quality of human life by soaking up pollution and dust from the air, rebuild natural habitats and ecosystems, mitigate global warming since forests facilitate biosequestration of atmospheric carbon dioxide, and harvest for resources, particularly timber, but also non-timber forest products. Reforestation usually involves replanting areas of forest which have previously been damaged or destroyed, using native tree species. Sometimes forests are able to regenerate naturally if sufficient trees remain nearby and seeds can be dispersed into the deforested areas via animals or wind. However, areas of forest which have been severely degraded are unlikely to be able to regenerate naturally and need to be replanted by hand using native tree species.
So the correct option is 'both statements 1 and 2 are correct'.
Question 4
1 / -0

In the event of global warming, which one of the following is most likely to occur?

A
Existing plant and animal communities will move North in response to warming.

B
Agriculture in the prairie provinces will be redeveloped on soils of the Canadian Shield.

C
The anticipated rise in sea level will be caused primarily by the melting of polar ice caps.

D
The decomposition of organic matter in the unfrozen surface layer of polar soils will increase.

Solution

It is believed that increase in concentration of greenhouse gases has resulted in rise of atmospheric temperature which is slight in tropics, moderate in middle latitudes and maximum in polar regions. Global warming could raise sea level due to thermal expansion of sea water, melting of glaciers and Greenland ice sheet. There is a danger of submersion of large area as one third of human population lives within 60 km of coastline. Coastal salt marshes and estuaries, wetlands, drylands, freshwater supplies, fisheries, fish breeding areas and other types of wildlife will undergo extinction.
So, the correct answer is 'The anticipated rise in sea level will be caused primarily by the melting of polar ice caps'.
Question 5
1 / -0

Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) is _____________.

A
Propane

B
Methane

C
Ethane

D
Butane

Solution

Compressed Natural gas (CNG) is mostly methane.It is better alternative to petrol or diesel in terms of adverse effects on environment. In 2002, public transport vehicles in Delhi switched to CNG by the order of government as it burns more efficiently and cause lesser pollution.
Question 6
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Read the following statements carefully and select the incorrect ones.

(i) Development of the fertile top-soil takes centuries, but it can be easily removed due to human activities such as over-cultivation, unrestricted grazing, etc.
(ii) Waterlogging results in soil salinity.
(iii) UV rays are responsible for the degradation of the ozone shield in the atmosphere.
(iv) Ozone present in the stratosphere acts as a shield absorbing UV radiation coming from the Sun.
(v) Global warming can be controlled by increasing the use of fossil fuels.

A
(i), (iii) and (v)

B
(iii), (iv) and (v)

C
(iv) and (v)

D
(i), (ii) and (iii)
Solution
- Ozone present in the stratosphere act as a shield absorbing UV radiation coming from the sun.
- Global warming can be controlled by cutting down the use of fossil fuels.
Question 7
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Consider the following statements regarding the ecosystem which helps in reducing the level of pollution in the atmosphere.
$$1$$. Ecosystems and ecological processes play an important role in maintenance of gaseous composition of the atmosphere, breakdown of wastes and removal of pollutants.
$$2$$. Some ecosystems, especially wetlands have the ability to breaking down and absorb pollutants.
$$3$$. Natural and artificial wetlands are being used to filter effluents to remove nutrients, heavy metals, suspended solids; reduce the BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) and destroy harmful micro-organisms.
Which of the statements given is/are correct?

A
$$1$$ only

B
$$1$$ and $$2$$

C
$$2$$ and $$3$$

D
All of the above

Solution

Ecosystems and ecological processes play an important role in the maintenance of gaseous composition of the atmosphere, breakdown of wastes and removal of pollutants. Some ecosystems, especially wetlands have the ability to breaking down and absorb pollutants. Constructed wetlands are a sanitation technology that has not typically been designed for pathogen removal, but instead, have been designed to remove other water quality constituents such as suspended solids, organic matter (BOD/COD) and nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus). Thus, all of these statements are true.

So the correct option is 'All of the above'.
Question 8
1 / -0

When we destroy forest, what we are actually destroying?

A
Only food for the wild life

B
Only wild life's habitat

C
Only trees

D
Only environment
Solution
Forests are important for the environment as well as human life.
Half of the earth's oxygen is generated by forests. Thus cutting down forests will cause gradual depletion of oxygen.
Forests support wildlife and are the shelter for these animals. Destroying them will cause death and extinction of these wildlife animals.
The trees absorbs the carbon dioxide generated by industries, transportation and other human activities. Most of the pollution control is brought about by forests.
Forests control floods.
They also help in regulating regional climate.
Thus destroying forests is indirectly destroying the environment.
Question 9
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Multiple Choice Questions
BOD is a measure of

A
Industrial wastes passed into water bodies

B
amount of carbon monoxide combined with haemogloblin

C
extent of pollution with organic matter

D
amount of oxygen required by plants during night.

Solution

BOD or Biochemical Oxygen Demand measures the degree of impurity of a water body or sample due to organic matter. BOD is the amount of dissolved oxygen needed by aerobic microbes to breakdown the organic matter present in the water body.
So, the correct answer is extend of pollution with organic matter.
Question 10
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Multiple Choice Questions
Global warming can be controlled by

A
Increasing deforestation, reducing efficiency of energy use

B
Reducing deforestation, cutting down use of fossil fuel

C
Reducing deforestation, increasing use of fossil fuel

D
Increasing deforestation, slowing down the growth of human population.

Solution

Global warming refers to the increase in the average temperature of earth due to an excessive amount of greenhouse gases namely CO$$_2$$, CH$$_4$$ etc. It can be controlled by reducing deforestation. A high plant cover utilizes the major amount of CO$$_2$$ from the air. Also another method of control is cutting down the use of fossil fuels which otherwise emits greenhouse gases like CO$$_2$$, N$$_2$$O etc.
So, the correct answer is option B, reducing deforestation, cutting down use of fossil fuel.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Environmental Issues Test - 64

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Environmental Issues Test - 64

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Carbon dioxide and Water

Carbon monooxide

Methane

Carbon dioxide and Methane

Solution

Question 2

'Good ozone' is formed in the lower atmosphere (troposphere) that absorbs harmful UV rays coming from Sun, 'bad ozone' is present in the upper part of atmosphere (stratosphere) that harms plants and animals.

The thickness of the ozone in a column of air from the ground to the top of the atmosphere is measured in terms of Dobson units (DU).

Recognising the deleterious effects of ozone depletion, an international treaty, known as the Montreal Protocol, was signed at Montreal (canada) in 1987 (became effective in 1989) to control the emission of ozone depleting substances.

None of these

Solution

Question 3

Both statements 1 and 2 are correct.

Statement 1 is correct but statement 2 is incorrect.

Statement 1 is incorrect but statement 2 is correct.

Both statements 1 and 2 are incorrect.

Solution

Question 4

Existing plant and animal communities will move North in response to warming.

Agriculture in the prairie provinces will be redeveloped on soils of the Canadian Shield.

The anticipated rise in sea level will be caused primarily by the melting of polar ice caps.

The decomposition of organic matter in the unfrozen surface layer of polar soils will increase.

Solution

Question 5

Propane

Methane

Ethane

Butane

Solution

Question 6

(i), (iii) and (v)

(iii), (iv) and (v)

(iv) and (v)

(i), (ii) and (iii)

Solution

Question 7

$$1$$ only

$$1$$ and $$2$$

$$2$$ and $$3$$

All of the above

Solution

Question 8

Only food for the wild life

Only wild life's habitat

Only trees

Only environment

Solution

Question 9

Industrial wastes passed into water bodies

amount of carbon monoxide combined with haemogloblin

extent of pollution with organic matter

amount of oxygen required by plants during night.

Solution

Question 10

Increasing deforestation, reducing efficiency of energy use

Reducing deforestation, cutting down use of fossil fuel

Reducing deforestation, increasing use of fossil fuel

Increasing deforestation, slowing down the growth of human population.

Solution

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