Environmental Issues Test

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Environmental Issues Test - 78

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

An ecologist wants to study the impact of habitat fragmentation on a forest ecosystem. Which of these would be the least impactful way to study the potential effect of habitat fragmentation while giving the most useful information?

A
Using a computer model to generate possible outcomes

B
Observing a fragmented prairie ecosystem

C
Deforesting an ecosystem and observing the effects

D
Hypothesizing about what might be possible outcomes of fragmentation

E
Experirmenting on a small patch of trees in a controlled area

Solution

Effects of habitat fragmentation on forest ecosystem can be best studied in small and isolated populations. Prairie is a kind of dog. Prairie ecosystem is highly fragmented and effects of habitat fragmentation can't be studies easily in such fragmented ecosystems.
So, the correct answer is 'Observing a fragmented prairie ecosystem'.
Question 2
1 / -0

Snow blindness is caused due to

A
Ozone hole

B
Nuclear winter

C
Acid rain

D
Green house effect

Solution

Snow blindness is the condition of loss of vision due to overexposure of UV light. When the layer of ozen gets depleted a large amount of UV radiation start reaching to the earth's atmosphere and increased dose of UV radiation causes diseases.
Question 3
1 / -0

As the organic matter increases in a water body, the BOD

A
Increases

B
Decreases

C
Remains unchanged

D
Not a parameter
Solution
- BOD is Biological Oxygen Demand. It is the amount of oxygen required by microbes to break down the organic matter present in a certain volume of a sample of water.
- In polluted water, BOD is high as it contains a large number of organisms.
- High BOD values in the water of a river mean that the water is highly polluted.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 4
1 / -0

Spectroscopy useful for gas analysis is

A
Absorption spectroscopy

B
Infra-red spectroscopy

C
Emission spectroscopy

D
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Solution

Infrared spectroscopy involves the interaction of infrared radiation with matter. Infra-red spectroscopy can be used to identify and study chemicals. Samples may be solid, liquid, or gas. The method or technique of infrared spectroscopy is conducted with an instrument called an infrared spectrometer to produce an infrared spectrum.
Infrared (IR) spectroscopy measures the IR absorption spectrum of the measurement target gas introduced into the gas cell.
So, the correct answer is 'Infra-red spectroscopy'.
Question 5
1 / -0

How much usable energy is available during oxidative combustion of 1 gm mole of glucose in the body?

A
686000 cal

B
304000 cal

C
277400 cal

D
686 cal
Question 6
1 / -0

According to WHO, the soft water has 0 to _____ milligram per litre as $$CaCO_3.$$

A
60

B
120

C
180

D
150

Solution

Concentration as $$CaCO_3$$ Indication
0 to 60 mg/L Soft water
60 to 120 mg/L Moderately hard water
120 to 180 mg/L Hard water
>180 mg/L Very hard water
The following values are used to give an indication about water hardness.
Question 7
1 / -0

Ozone depletion is occuring widely in the stratosphere, it leads to ozone hole caused mainly due to

A
Ethylene

B
Methane

C
CFCs

D
$$CO_{2}$$

Solution

The presence of CFCs in the atmosphere results in the depletion of the ozone layer in the stratopshere. CFCs are used as coolants in refrigerators, coolers, etc. The CFCs causes breaking of the ozone molecule which forms the oxygen radical and O$$_2$$. The depletion of the ozone layer leads to the formation of ozone hole which causes the penetration of the harmful UV radiations from the sun into the Earth's atmosphere.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Question 8
1 / -0

Relative Biological effectiveness (RBE) usually refers to damage caused by

A
Radiation

B
Low temperature

C
High temperature

D
Pollution

Solution

In radiobiology, the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) is the ratio of biological effectiveness of one type of ionizing radiation relative to another, given the same amount of absorbed energy. Different types of radiation have different biological effectiveness mainly because they transfer their energy to the tissue in different ways. The relative biological effectiveness varies depending on the particles, energies involved, and which biological effects are deemed relevant.
So, the correct answer is 'Radiation'.
Question 9
1 / -0

Atomic explosion has the ability to make which of the following radioactive material?

A
Iodine-$$131$$

B
Cesium-$$137$$

C
Strontium-$$90$$

D
All of the above

Solution

Atomic explosion works on the principle of the nuclear fission in which the nucleus of an atom splits into two smaller fragments by neutrons. Uranium-235, Uranium-233 and Plutonium-239 are used in this process. The explosion releases a variety of radiations and an array of radioactive material including the Iodine-131, Caesium-137, and Strontium-90. Iodine-131 is highly volatile and radioactive and causes thyroid cancer. Caesium-137 and Strontium-90 become a part of the food chain.
Hence, the correct answer is 'All of the above'
Question 10
1 / -0

Part of ozone is destroyed over poles during

A
Polar spring

B
Winter

C
Summer

D
Period of snow fall

Solution

Polar spring, also known as the Antarctic Spring is the period from late August to early October and the strong westerlies circulate around the Antarctic continent creating a polar vortex. The polar vortex results in the formation of the polar stratospheric clouds which trap most of the gases including the ozone-depleting factors like CFCs, methyl bromide etc.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Polar Spring'.

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Concentration as $$CaCO_3$$	Indication
0 to 60 mg/L	Soft water
60 to 120 mg/L	Moderately hard water
120 to 180 mg/L	Hard water
>180 mg/L	Very hard water

Environmental Issues Test - 78

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Environmental Issues Test - 78

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Using a computer model to generate possible outcomes

Observing a fragmented prairie ecosystem

Deforesting an ecosystem and observing the effects

Hypothesizing about what might be possible outcomes of fragmentation

Experirmenting on a small patch of trees in a controlled area

Solution

Question 2

Ozone hole

Nuclear winter

Acid rain

Green house effect

Solution

Question 3

Increases

Decreases

Remains unchanged

Not a parameter

Solution

Question 4

Absorption spectroscopy

Infra-red spectroscopy

Emission spectroscopy

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Solution

Question 5

686000 cal

304000 cal

277400 cal

686 cal

Question 6

60

120

180

150

Solution

Question 7

Ethylene

Methane

CFCs

$$CO_{2}$$

Solution

Question 8

Radiation

Low temperature

High temperature

Pollution

Solution

Question 9

Iodine-$$131$$

Cesium-$$137$$

Strontium-$$90$$

All of the above

Solution

Question 10

Polar spring

Winter

Summer

Period of snow fall

Solution

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