Evolution Test

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Evolution Test - 94

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
1 / -0

Following is given the diagrammatic representation of evolutionary history of vertebrates through geological periods. Identify the geological periods. Identify the geological periods $(A, B, C$ and $D)$ and select the correct option.

A
Carboniferous, Triassic, Cretaceous, Quaternary

B
Jurassic, Permian, Tertiary, Cretaceous

C
Permian, Jurassic, Quaternary, Tertiary

D
Cretaceous, Quaternary, Carboniferous, Jurassic

Solution

A is Carboniferous period. B isTriassic period. C is Cretaceous. D is Quaternary,
So, the correct answer is 'Carboniferous, Triassic, Cretaceous, Quaternary'
Question 2
1 / -0

The brain capacity of Homo erectus was about

A
$650\ c.c.$

B
$900\ c.c.$

C
$1500\ c.c.$

D
$1400\ c.c.$

Solution

Homo erectus appeared about $1.7$ million years ago in middle Pleistocene. Its brain capacity was about $900\ c.c.$ He was about $1.5-1.8\ m$ tall having erect posture. So, the correct answer is '900 c.c.'.
Question 3
1 / -0

Humming birds and hawk illustrate

A
Convergent evolution

B
Homology

C
Adaptive radiation

D
Parallel evolution

Solution

Development of different functional structures from a common ancestor is called adaptive radiation. Eg: Hummingbird and hawk moth, Darwin's finches, etc. Whereas development of similar functional structures from different ancestors are known as convergent evolution. Eg: wings of insect and bat.
So the correct answer is adaptive radiation.
Question 4
1 / -0

Match column I with column II and select the correct option from the codes given below.
Column - I Column - II
A. Edward Lewis (i) Australopithecus
B. L.S.B. Leakey (ii) Homo neanderthalensis
C. C. Fuhlrott (iii) Homo habilis
D. Raymond Dart (iv) Ramapithecus

A
$A - (iv), B - (iii), C - (ii), D - (i)$

B
$A - (ii), B - (i), C - (iv), D - (iii)$

C
$A - (iii), B - (ii), C - (i), D - (iv)$

D
$A - (i), B - (ii), C - (iii), D - (iv)$

Solution

Edward Lewis discovered the fossil of Ramapithecus at Sivaliks.
L.S.B. Leakey discovered the fossil of Homo habilis.
C. Fuhlrott discovered the fossil of Homom neanderthalensis.
Raymond Dart discovered the fossil of Australopithecus.
So, the correct option is 'A-(iv), B-(iii), C-(ii), D-(I)'
Question 5
1 / -0

The pouch in which a Kangaroo mother keeps her young baby is called

A
External placenta

B
Uterus

C
Marsupium

D
Cloaca

Solution

Kangaroos are mammals that are part of a special group known as marsupials. Marsupials are mammals that have a special pouch used for carrying their babies. In addition to kangaroos, other marsupials include the wombat, the koala, the opossum, and the wallaby. Kangaroos and other marsupials have a special pouch — called a marsupium — for carrying their babies, because their young are particularly small when they're born. A baby kangaroo — called a joey — is about the size of a lima bean when it's born. The mother's pouch provides a safe place for her babies to stay until they grow large enough to survive outside the pouch on their own. Since pouches are for babies to stay in, only female kangaroos have them.
So the correct option is 'Marsupium'.
Question 6
1 / -0

Which of the following is correct order of the evolutionary history of man ?

A
Peking man, Homo sapiens, Neanderthal man, Cro-Magnon man

B
Peking man, Neanderthal man, Heidelberg man, Cro-Magnon man

C
Peking man, Heidelberg man, Neanderthal man, Cro-Magnon man

D
Peking man, Neanderthal man, Homo sapiens, Heidelberg -man

Solution

Peking men were similar to Java men with heavy bone eyebrow ridges and chinless face.
The Heidelberg man whose jaws were heavy. The teeth were like those of modern men. Heidelberg is regarded as an ancestor to neanderthal and contemporary to homoerectus.
Then we have the Neanderthal man. They lived in far eastern Europe, Asia and North America. The skull bones with thick
The Cromagnan man lived around during 30000 years or more in Europe. They succeeded neanderthals and became extinct about 10,000 years ago and the last glacial period. They had a prominent chin. It is the most recent ancestors of Homo sapiens.

So, the correct option is 'Peking man, Neanderthal man, Heidelberg man, Cro-Magnon man'
Question 7
1 / -0

What kind of evidences suggested that man is more closely related with chimpanzee than with other hominoid apes?

A
Evidence from DNA of sex chromosomes only

B
Comparison of chromosome morphology and number

C
Evidence from fossil remains, and the fossil mitochondrial DNA alone

D
Evidence from banding pattern of chromosome $3$ and $6$

Solution

A comparative study of the banded chromosomes of man and the great ape has shown that the total amount of DNA in human diploid cells and that of the ape is more or less similar. It has also been observed that the banding pattern of individual human chromosomes is very similar to the banding pattern of corresponding chromosomes in ape. The banding pattern of human chromosome numbers $3$ and $6$ are compared with those of particular autosomes in the chimpanzee. It shows a common origin for man and chimpanzee. So, the correct answer is 'Evidence from banding pattern of chromosome 3 and 6'.
Question 8
1 / -0

In a large randomly mating population, only one person in $10,000$ is an albino. What will be the frequency of a carrier person of albinism?

A
$1$ in $50$

B
$99$ in $10000$

C
$2$ in $10000$

D
$1$ in $100$

Solution

Albinism is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder. It is given that frequency of an albino in a population is $1$ in $10,000$ , i.e., $\dfrac {1}{10000}$ or $0.0001$ .
According to Hardy-Weinbery law $p^{2} + q^{2} + 2pq = 1$
where $p^{2}$ and $q^{2}$ are frequencies of homozygous dominant individuals and homozygous recessive individuals respectively and $2pq$ represents the frequency of carrier. $p$ and $q$ represent frequency of dominant and recessive allele respectively.
Now, $q^{2} = 0.0001$
$q = \sqrt {0.0001} = 0.01$
Also, $p + q = 1$
$\therefore p = 0.99$
Hence, $2pq = 2\times 0.01\times 0.99$
$= 0.0198$ or $0.02$
$= 2$ %
Accordingly, $1$ person in $50$ will be a carrier of albinism.
Question 9
1 / -0

The sugar glider and flying squirrel belong to two different groups of mammals, but they have both evolved bushy tails and flaps of skin that help them exploit their forest environments more efficiently. This pattern of evolution is an example of

A
Character displacement

B
Adaptive radiation

C
Convergent evolution

D
Divergent evolution

Solution

Sugar gliders are marsupial mammals and flying squirrels are placental mammals. It is an example of convergent evolution as the two diverse organisms individually develop the traits like bushy tails and flaps of skin which are similar in function under similar environmental pressure.
So, the correct option is 'Convergent evolution'.
Question 10
1 / -0

The frequency of an autosomal recessive gene in a population is $0.40.$ The number of carriers in a population of 2000 individuals is

A
$720$

B
$960$

C
$1040$

D
$360$

Solution

Hardy-Weinberg principle says that allele frequency in a population are stable and is constant from generation to generation. The gene pool remains constant. Sum total of all the allelic frequencies is 1. In a diploid, p and q represent the frequency of allele A and allele a. The frequency of AA is p2. The equation is p2+2pq+q2=1. The frequency of the an autosomal recessive gene in a population is 0.04 (given q). p=1-0.4=0.6. (0.6)2 + 2pq + (0.4)2 = 1. 0.36+ 2pq + 0.16= 1. 0.52 + 2pq=1. 2pq=0.48. Since 2pq is the frequency of the heterozygous carrier. 2pq=0.48X2000 = 960.
So, the correct option is '960'.

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

Column - I	Column - II
A. Edward Lewis	(i) Australopithecus
B. L.S.B. Leakey	(ii) Homo neanderthalensis
C. C. Fuhlrott	(iii) Homo habilis
D. Raymond Dart	(iv) Ramapithecus

Evolution Test - 94

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Evolution Test - 94

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Question 1

Carboniferous, Triassic, Cretaceous, Quaternary

Jurassic, Permian, Tertiary, Cretaceous

Permian, Jurassic, Quaternary, Tertiary

Cretaceous, Quaternary, Carboniferous, Jurassic

Solution

Question 2

650 c.c.650\ c.c.650 c.c.

900 c.c.900\ c.c.900 c.c.

1500 c.c.1500\ c.c.1500 c.c.

1400 c.c.1400\ c.c.1400 c.c.

Solution

Question 3

Convergent evolution

Homology

Adaptive radiation

Parallel evolution

Solution

Question 4

A−(iv),B−(iii),C−(ii),D−(i)A - (iv), B - (iii), C - (ii), D - (i)A−(iv),B−(iii),C−(ii),D−(i)

A−(ii),B−(i),C−(iv),D−(iii)A - (ii), B - (i), C - (iv), D - (iii)A−(ii),B−(i),C−(iv),D−(iii)

A−(iii),B−(ii),C−(i),D−(iv)A - (iii), B - (ii), C - (i), D - (iv)A−(iii),B−(ii),C−(i),D−(iv)

A−(i),B−(ii),C−(iii),D−(iv)A - (i), B - (ii), C - (iii), D - (iv)A−(i),B−(ii),C−(iii),D−(iv)

Solution

Question 5

External placenta

Uterus

Marsupium

Cloaca

Solution

Question 6

Peking man, Homo sapiens, Neanderthal man, Cro-Magnon man

Peking man, Neanderthal man, Heidelberg man, Cro-Magnon man

Peking man, Heidelberg man, Neanderthal man, Cro-Magnon man

Peking man, Neanderthal man, Homo sapiens, Heidelberg -man

Solution

Question 7

Evidence from DNA of sex chromosomes only

Comparison of chromosome morphology and number

Evidence from fossil remains, and the fossil mitochondrial DNA alone

Evidence from banding pattern of chromosome 333 and 666

Solution

Question 8

111 in 505050

999999 in 100001000010000

222 in 100001000010000

111 in 100100100

Solution

Question 9

Character displacement

Adaptive radiation

Convergent evolution

Divergent evolution

Solution

Question 10

720720720

960960960

104010401040

360360360

Solution

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$650\ c.c.$

$900\ c.c.$

$1500\ c.c.$

$1400\ c.c.$

$A - (iv), B - (iii), C - (ii), D - (i)$

$A - (ii), B - (i), C - (iv), D - (iii)$

$A - (iii), B - (ii), C - (i), D - (iv)$

$A - (i), B - (ii), C - (iii), D - (iv)$

Evidence from banding pattern of chromosome $3$ and $6$

$1$ in $50$

$99$ in $10000$

$2$ in $10000$

$1$ in $100$

$720$

$960$

$1040$

$360$