Principles of Management Test - 4

Principles of management are not absolute rather than they are :

• Flexible - Principles of management are not rigid as these can be modified as per the situation.
• Universal applicable -  The principles of management are intended to apply to all types of organisations, business as well as non-business, small as well large, public sector as well as private sector, manufacturing as well as the services sectors.
• Mainly behavioural - Management principles aim at influencing behaviour of human beings. Therefore, principles of management are mainly behavioural in nature.

The principles of management are formed by experience and collective wisdom of managers as well as experimentation.For example, it is a matter of common experience that discipline is indispensable for accomplishing any purpose.

Principles of management are significant or important because of following reasons :

1. Providing managers with useful insights into reality
2. Optimum utilisation of resources and effective administration
3. Scientific decisions
4. Meeting changing enviornment requirements
5. Fulfilling social responsibility
6. Management training, education and research

• Henry Fayol was a mining engineer.
• He graduated from the mining academy of St. Etienne in 1860 in mining engineering.
• The19 year old engineer started the mining company ‘Compagnie de commentary-Fourchambean Decazeville, ultimately acting as its managing director from 1888 to 1918.

Division of work suggests that :

• Work should be divided into small tasks/jobs.
• A trained specialist who is competent is required to perform each job.
• Thus, division of work leads to specialisation.

Gang Boss keeps machines, materials, tools etc., ready for operations by concerned workers. Whereas 

• Repair Boss ensure proper working condition of machines and tools.
• Instruction Card Clerk draft instructions for the workers.
• Route Clerk specify the route of production.

• Functional foremanship is not a principle of scientific managemenet or principle given by Taylor. it is a technique of scientific management.
• In this techniqueTaylor identified a list of qualities of a good foreman/supervisor and found that no single person could fit them all. This prompted him to suggest functional foremanship through eight persons

• The objective of method study is to find out one best way of doing the job.
• There are various methods of doing the job.
• To determine the best way there are several parameters.
• The objective of the whole exercise is to minimise the cost of production and maximise the quality and satisfaction of the customer

• Mental revolution involves a change in the attitude of workers and management towards one another from competition to cooperation.
• Management and workers should realise that they require one another.
  • Management should share a part of surplus with workers.
  • Workers should also contribute their might so that the company makes profits.

  This statement "Fayol's principles are applicable in specialised situations whereas Taylor's principles have universal application." is absolutely false. 

The opposite of above statement is true. i.e., "Fayol's principles are applicable universally whereas Taylor's principles are applicable in specialised situations."