Human Rights in India Test 11

The fundamental rights or human rights are guaranteed by the constitution of India. It is the prevalence of these that make democracy meaningful. These rights are guaranteed to the citizens and are considered as the heart of the constitution as it gives the basic and most vital rights to the citizens of India.

A. Transparency of government

The basic object of the Right to Information Act is to empower the citizens, promote transparency and accountability in the working of the Government, contain corruption, and make our democracy work for the people in real sense.

Equality of opportunity means policies and practices, especially in employment, that bar discrimination based on race, colour, age, sex, religion, mental or physical handicap, or national origin, meaning equal employment for all. Hence, Option A is correct. The rest of the clauses do not fulfil this definition of economic equality, hence, incorrect.

Human Trafficking means buying and selling of the human beings for illegal and unlawful purposes. The Constitution of India specially recognizes and prohibits the trafficking in human beings and make it a punishable offence and directs state to enact laws in this regard.

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

The above has been given in  Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights is a declaration adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on 10 December 1948 at the Palais de Chaillot, Paris. The Declaration arose directly from the experience of the Second World War and represents the first global expression of what many people believe to be the rights to which all human beings are inherently entitled. In 1966, the General Assembly adopted the two detailed Covenants, which complete the International Bill of Human Rights.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights is a declaration adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on 10 December 1948 at the Palais de Chaillot, Paris. In 1966, the General Assembly adopted the two detailed Covenants, which complete the International Bill of Human Rights. In 1976, after the Covenants had been ratified by a sufficient number of individual nations, the Bill has become an international law, to be followed by all. The Declaration consists of thirty articles. They are classified into i) civil and political rights ii) economic, social and cultural rights.

The charter of rights in Part III (Article 12 to 35) of the Constitution of India protects the fundamental rights, the basic and civil liberties of the people of India. The right “to form associations and unions” Under clause (4) of Article 19, the state may by law impose reasonable restrictions on this right in the interest of public order or morality or the sovereignty and integrity of India. The right to form associations or unions has a very wide and varied scope including all sorts of associations viz., political parties, clubs, societies, companies, organizations, entrepreneurship, trade unions, etc. Hence, Option A is correct. The rest of the options are not rights, but specific prohibitions, and restrict freedom of association(Option B), freedom of movement (Option C), and freedom to earn(Option D), hence, incorrect. 

The principle of the right to equality postulates that everyone should be equal in the eyes of law that means each and every person be subjected to the same law without giving privilege to any person or in favor of any person.