Option B: 'Has gone' is in present perfect tense, which states an action that just happened, or very recently happened. It is relevant to the given sentence, the father recently went out of the house.
'Did he go' is in simple past tense and states an action that emphasizes on time 'when exactly'. 'Did' before a verb lays emphasis on the action.
Hence option B is correct.
Option A: 'Went' is in simple past tense that states an action that happened in the past. But the action 'go out' happened recently and the father is still out. The action is still on, hence thew present perfect is preferable.
'Does he go' is in simple present and states a daily habit.
The given sentence asks about a specific past event, not a present one.
Option C: 'Had gone' states a completed action in the past. But the action is still taking place. 'Has he went' is grammatically incorrect. 'Went' is a past tense verb but the present perfect is made with the past participle 'gone': 'has he gone'.
Option D: 'Have' in 'have he gone' is a plural verb. It does not agree with the singular pronoun 'he'.
Hence options A, C and D are incorrect.