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India: Science and Technology Test 74

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India: Science and Technology Test 74
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Weekly Quiz Competition
  • Question 1
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    NASA's new spacecraft for astronauts will carry astronauts into deep space and then return them home to Earth. It will be able to travel to an asteroid or even Mars. Which spacecraft are we talking about?
    Solution
    • NASA’s Orion spacecraft is built to take humans farther than they’ve ever gone before. Orion will serve as the exploration vehicle that will carry the crew to space, provide emergency abort capability, sustain the crew during the space travel, and provide safe re-entry from deep space return velocities.
    • The mission will pave the way for flights with astronauts beginning in the early 2020s.
  • Question 2
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    China became the second country after France to construct solar highway. What is the use of a solar highway?
    Solution
    China became the second country after France to construct a solar highway. The photovoltaic highway can charge electric-powered vehicles. The highway is constructed using solar panels which have a thin sheet of transparent concrete on top of them, protecting the surface.
  • Question 3
    1 / -0
    In which city Royal Observatory Greenwich is situated?
    Solution
    The Royal Observatory Greenwich is an observatory situated on a hill in Greenwich Park, area of South East London, England.
  • Question 4
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    Constellations are a group of stars that form a particular shape in the sky. Each of them has been given a specific name. Which organisation is responsible for naming constellations?
    Solution
    • The International Astronomical Union (IAU) was founded in 1919. Its mission is to promote and safeguard the science of astronomy in all its aspects, including research, communication, education and development, through international cooperation. 
    • It is a worldwide society of professional astronomers and is considered the authority for assigning names to celestial objects, whether they are planets or moons or other types of worlds, as well as surface features on them. The IAU collaborates with various scientific organizations all over the world.
  • Question 5
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    In 2012, NASA's Kepler mission has discovered 11 new planetary systems hosting ______.
    Solution
    • Kepler is part of NASA's Discovery Program designed to survey a portion of our region of the Milky Way to discover Earth-size exoplanets in or near habitable zones and estimate how many of the billions of stars in the Milky Way have such planets. 
    • The primary goal is to determine the frequency of Earth-size and larger planets in the HZ (Habitable Zone) of solar-like stars.

    • NASA's Kepler mission has discovered 11 new planetary systems hosting 26 confirmed planets. 

  • Question 6
    1 / -0
    LRO is a robotic spacecraft that is orbiting the moon. It is taking pictures and gathering information about the moon's surface. What does LRO stand for?
    Solution
    LRO is a NASA mission to the moon within the Lunar Precursor and Robotic Program (LPRP) in preparation for future manned missions to the moon and beyond (Mars). The objectives of LRO are to: 
    • Identify potential lunar resources
    • Gather detailed maps of the lunar surface
    • Collect data on the moon's radiation levels
    • Study the moons polar regions for resources that could be used in future manned missions or robotic sample return missions
    • Provide measurements to characterize future robotic explorers, human lunar landing sites and to derive measurements that can be used directly in support of future Lunar Human Exploration Systems.
  • Question 7
    1 / -0
    What is the name of the 2.8 Petaflops capacity high performance computer system launched by the Union minister of Earth Sciences?
    Solution
    • The Ministry of Earth Science (MoES) inaugurated the high performance computer system (HPC) or supercomputer 'Mihir' at National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF), Noida.
    • This computer will provide facility for improving weather/climate forecasts.
  • Question 8
    1 / -0
    What does the NUSTAR a space-based X-ray telescope study?
    Solution
    • NuSTAR is a NASA-funded small explorer mission that carries the first focusing hard X-ray telescope to orbit. 
    • NuSTAR will carry out a two-year primary science mission that focuses on black holes. 
    • It will also offer opportunities for a broad range of science investigations, ranging from probing cosmic ray origins to studying the extreme physics around collapsed stars to mapping microflares on the surface of the sun. 
  • Question 9
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    The Hubble Space Telescope is a large telescope in space launched into orbit by space shuttle on April 24, 1990. What is the name of the space shuttle?
    Solution
    The Hubble Space Telescope is a project of international cooperation between NASA and the European Space Agency. It was lifted into orbit by the space shuttle Discovery on April 24, 1990. It is the most complex and sensitive space observatory ever constructed, and it has become astronomers' principal tool for exploring the universe.
  • Question 10
    1 / -0
    In $$1774$$, a British clergyman named Joseph Priestley conducted an experiment in which he focussed sunrays on a tube containing mercuric oxide. This produced a gas which he noticed made candles burn brighter, thus discovering a gas which is the very essence of life. What gas was it?

    Solution
    • Joseph Priestley was hugely productive in research and widely notorious in philosophy. He invented carbonated water and the rubber eraser, identified a dozen key chemical compounds, and wrote an important early paper about electricity. 
    • He found that air is not an elementary substance, but a composition, or mixture, of gases. The world recalls Priestley best as the man who discovered oxygen, the active ingredient in our planet's atmosphere.
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