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Read the following passage and answer the question that follows.
Thick, black, smoke curling out of smokestacks, horrible - tasting chemicals in your drinking water, pesticides in your food - these are examples of pollution.
Pollution is any contamination which causes harm to the environment or its inhabitants. There are many kinds of pollution, and there are many pollutants. Some obvious kinds of pollution are air, soil, and water. Some less obvious, or less well-known kinds of pollution are radioactive, noise, light pollution, and green-house gases.
Air pollution can be caused by particles, liquids, or gases that make the air harmful to breathe. There are two main types of air pollution - primary and secondary. Primary pollutants enter the air directly, like smoke from factories and car exhaust pipes. Secondary pollutants are chemicals that mix together to pollute the air like mixtures of emissions, or waste output from vehicles and factory smoke that change to form more dangerous pollutants in the air and sunlight.
Soil pollution can be caused by pesticides, leakage from chemical tanks, oil spills, and other chemicals which get into the soil through dumping or accidental contamination. Soil pollution can also cause water pollution when underground water becomes contaminated by coming into contact with the polluted soil.
Water pollution can be caused by waste products such as sewage, oil spills, and litter in streams, rivers, lakes, and oceans. Some scientists believe that water pollution is the largest cause of death and disease, causing about 14,000 deaths In the world each day. 

Sniffer dog Tucker uses his nose to help researchers find out why a killer whale population off the northwest coast of the United States is in decline. He searches for whale faeces floating on the surface of the water, which are then collected for examination. He is one of an elite team of detection dogs used by scientists studying a number of species including right whales and killer whales.
Scientists have been using Conservation Canines in their research since 1997. These dogs have enabled them to noninvasively access vast amounts of genetic and physiological information which is used to tackle conservation problems around the world. Such information has proved vital for determining the causes and consequences of human disturbances on wildlife as well as the actions needed to mitigate such impacts.
The ideal detection dog is extremely energetic with an excessive play drive.  These dogs will happily work all day long, motivated by the expectation of a ball game as reward for sample detection. The obsessive, highenergy personalities of detection dogs also make them difficult to maintain as pets. As a result, they frequently find themselves abandoned to animal shelters, facing euthanasia. The programme rescues these dogs and offers them a satisfying career in conservation research.

Read the following passage and answer the question that follows.
Thick, black, smoke curling out of smokestacks, horrible - tasting chemicals in your drinking water, pesticides in your food - these are examples of pollution.
Pollution is any contamination which causes harm to the environment or its inhabitants. There are many kinds of pollution, and there are many pollutants. Some obvious kinds of pollution are air, soil, and water. Some less obvious, or less well-known kinds of pollution are radioactive, noise, light pollution, and green-house gases.
Air pollution can be caused by particles, liquids, or gases that make the air harmful to breathe. There are two main types of air pollution - primary and secondary. Primary pollutants enter the air directly, like smoke from factories and car exhaust pipes. Secondary pollutants are chemicals that mix together to pollute the air like mixtures of emissions, or waste output from vehicles and factory smoke that change to form more dangerous pollutants in the air and sunlight.
Soil pollution can be caused by pesticides, leakage from chemical tanks, oil spills, and other chemicals which get into the soil through dumping or accidental contamination. Soil pollution can also cause water pollution when underground water becomes contaminated by coming into contact with the polluted soil.
Water pollution can be caused by waste products such as sewage, oil spills, and litter in streams, rivers, lakes, and oceans. Some scientists believe that water pollution is the largest cause of death and disease, causing about 14,000 deaths In the world each day. 

LEARNING FROM MISTAKES
                                        By Peter Hall
I have finally come to the place
Where things can come off the shelf
So I can try to learn from mistakes
And not be so hard on myself.

I no longer need to be opaque
It's time for me to see
That my failures and past mistakes
Do not label me.

No longer trusting what used to assure
Sorting out things that will last
Mistakes filter out what really endures
Permitting to learn from the past.

I know life has its ups and downs
I can't help things don't go to plan
But mistakes no longer bring 'that frown'
Now that I know who I am.

[passage-header]Read the following passage and answer the question given after it.[/passage-header]On the second day of our stay, we had a skiing lesson. We began with learning how to clip on the special shoes and strap on the skis. Then we tried to master the art of balancing on the skis as we moved sideways and forward. There was a lot of slipping and falling. But we finally managed a slow run down the gentle slope. The helmeted toddlers skimming around like small gnats were an embarrassing contrast to our clumsiness. But we ignored them firmly. Soon exhausted, we cut short the lesson and retreated to the institute. All around us, youngsters were happily trying their hand at skiing, snowboarding, and floating hot air balloons like hitting sky gods. It was truly a winter wonderland to revel in.

[passage-header]Read the passage and answer the question that follows:
[/passage-header]Of the many aspects of public administration, the ethical aspect is perhaps the most important but the least codified. While administrative rules and procedures have been codified in various public documents and manuals, there is no manual for the ethics of public servants. While organisational behaviour analyses the factors which influence the behaviour of individuals in an organisation, ethics refers to those norms and standards which the behaviour of the people in an organisation must conform to. While behaviour analysis deals with factual aspects, ethics relates to the normative aspects of administration. The normative aspects are of the greatest significance. Just as for an individual, if the character is lost, everything is lost, so also for an administration, if the ethics are lost, everything is lost. Neither efficiency nor loyalty can substitute for high ethical standards. In India, though there is no ethical code for public administrators, there are what are called, the Government Servants' Conduct Rules. These rules lay down what constitutes misconduct for the public servants. It is apparently implied that such misconduct, which is not permitted, is also unethical conduct.

[passage-header]Read the passage and answer the question that follows:
[/passage-header]What car makers often mean when they say a car is well-designed, is that it appeals to men, particularly to their less noble instinct. 'Beautiful body'. 'She must move like a dream'. But auto-macho is going out of style. In America, 47% of new private cars are bought by women, up from 36% in 1989. Add the influence women have on a family's car-buying, and it is probable that women are more influential overall in choosing cars than men. So, car makers are learning to create designs that appeal to them. Women tend to buy cheaper cars, largely because working women tend to have lower income. In America, they buy 55% of the small cars, 44% of medium-sized ones, but only 28% of large and luxurious models. They put more store on reliability than men do, probably a hidden reason for the rise in Japanese imports. American car makers are now tailoring certain versions of their cars with women in mind. And they are learning that design can sway even normally pragmatic women as a comparison between Ford's Thunderbird and Mercury Cougar demonstrates. The Thunderbird is a high-performance car - i.e., it goes fast and is styled to look aggressive. Less than 40% of Thunderbirds are bought by women. But the same car with a more sedate body, a different name (The Cougar) and different advertising is as popular with women as it is with men.

[passage-header]Read the following passage and answer the question that follows:
[/passage-header]Designing toys for children is challenging yet stimulating. Considering the low attention span of today's kids, toys with higher play value are able to engage them longer. Young minds are also quite impressionable. So toy design has to be conscious about ethics and values and also aid their cognitive, physical, emotional, and social skills. But above all, fun is the primary objective of play. Fun is what makes them come back for more; makes them learn and remember. Another crucial factor is eco-friendliness. Some of the best pro-environment design processes can actually be found in the Indian handicrafts industry. One such example is the lathe-turned toy craft of Channapatna - a town near Bengaluru. The age old craft uses wood and colors made completely from natural materials like turmeric, kumkum, indigo, etc. Creating modern designs based on such conventional techniques opens up a new range of products that are unique, educational, and organic.

[passage-header]Read the following passage and answer the question that follows:
[/passage-header]Designing toys for children is challenging yet stimulating. Considering the low attention span of today's kids, toys with higher play value are able to engage them longer. Young minds are also quite impressionable. So toy design has to be conscious about ethics and values and also aid their cognitive, physical, emotional, and social skills. But above all, fun is the primary objective of play. Fun is what makes them come back for more; makes them learn and remember. Another crucial factor is eco-friendliness. Some of the best pro-environment design processes can actually be found in the Indian handicrafts industry. One such example is the lathe-turned toy craft of Channapatna - a town near Bengaluru. The age old craft uses wood and colors made completely from natural materials like turmeric, kumkum, indigo, etc. Creating modern designs based on such conventional techniques opens up a new range of products that are unique, educational, and organic.

[passage-header]Read the passage given below and answer the question that follows.[/passage-header]Today every major anthology of nineteenth-century poetry includes examples of the work which Christina Rossetti produced during her long literary career. Born in 1830, she began composing verse at the age of eleven and continued to write for the remaining fifty-three years of her life. Her brother Dante Gabriel Rossetti, himself a poet and painter, soon recognized her genius and urged her to publish her poems. By the time of her death in 1894, Christina had written more than eleven hundred poems and had published over nine hundred of them. Although this work has earned her recognition as the greatest woman poet of the Victorian Age, there is still no authoritative edition of her poetry.