The Making of the National Movement 1870 to 1947 Test - 9

Lord Curzon was the British Viceroy who ordered partition of Bengal. The order was made public in 1905 and the official reason given was that Bengal with a population of 78 million had become too big to be administered. The reason was true to an extent but the real motive was to weaken the nerve centre of the movement by dividing it on the lines of religion. The decision met with wide opposition in the form of Swadeshi movement. It was decided to annul the partition of Bengal in 1911 mainly to control the danger of revolutionary terrorism.

He was more famous as Gandhiji's political Guru. He was elected to the Bombay Legislative Council in 1899. He became the President of the Indian National Congress at Banaras in 1905.

Home Rule League was formed by Indian militant nationalist Bal Gangadhar Tilak and British social reformer and Indian independence leader Annie Besant. It lasted for two years from 1916 to 1918. Tilak’s group, founded at Poona concentrated its efforts mostly in western India, and that of Besant, set up at Madras had more of an all-India scope. It was Indian response to the WWI in a less charged way than the Ghadr movement led by Indian nationals living abroad.

• Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee was the first president of INC.

• INC was founded in Dec 1885 at Bombay(Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College)

• The first session was held from 28 to 31^st December, 1885.

• It was attended by 72 political delegates from all over India.

• A.O.Hume played an important role in the formation of INC.

• Gandhiji gave the slogan "Do or Die" during the speech delivered by him on August 8, 1942.
• Quit India Movement was started by Gandhiji on August 8,1942.
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On 12th March, Mahatma Gandhi began the historic march from Sabarmati Ahram to Dandi, a village on the Gujarat sea coast.

• The resolution for Quit India Movement was passed by Gandhiji on August 8,1942.
• The Primary cause to start Quit India Movement is failure of Cripps Mission
• On August 9, 1942 every major political leader was arrested by the British.
• Gandhiji gave the slogan "Do or Die" during the speech delivered by him on August 8, 1942.

• 'Do or Die' is the slogan given by Gandhiji during the speech of Quit India resolution approval .
• Quit India resolution was passed on August 8,1942.
• Gandhiji was backed by right-wingers like Patel, Rajendra Prasad and Kriplani.

On the historic day of 12th March 1930, Gandhi inaugurated The Civil Disobedience Movement by conducting the historic Dandi Salt March. Followed by seventy nine ashramites, Gandhi embarked on his march from his Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi that is located on the shores of the Arabian Sea.

On 6th April 1930, he reached Dandi, & ceremonially violated the law, manufacturing salt by boiling sea water.

They felt that it was important to oppose British policies within the councils, argue for reform and also demonstrate that these councils were not truly democratic. C. R. Das and Motilal Nehru formed the Swaraj Party within the Congress to argue for a return to council politics.