The Fundamental Unit of Life Test

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The Fundamental Unit of Life Test - 38

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Question 1
1 / -0

Root hairs absorb water from soil through_______________

A
Diffusion

B
Imbibition

C
Osmosis

D
All of the above

Solution

Osmosis is the process of the movement of solvent molecules through a semipermeable membrane from a region of higher solvent concentration to the region of lower solvent concentration. Osmosis is of great importance in biological processes. As the soil has a higher concentration of water as compared to the root hair cells thus osmosis occurs.
Question 2
1 / -0

Which part of the cell helps the transfer of material from the nucleus to the cytoplasm?

A
Nuclear pores

B
Chromatin fibres

C
DNA

D
None of the above

Solution

DNA is a long polynucleotide strand, coiled to make chromatin fibres to fit into the cell. It also helps to prevent DNA damage. It is situated in the nucleus.
In eukaryotic cells, the nucleus is bound by a double membrane envelope. This envelope of the nucleus is called as nuclear envelope. It possesses openings at certain intervals called as 'nuclear pore'. Nuclear pores are large protein complexes molecule in the nuclear envelope. It is involved in regulation and transfer of material from nucleus and cytoplasm. Thus, the correct answer is option A.
Question 3
1 / -0

Name two organelles having their own genetic component.

A
Plastid and mitochondria

B
Golgi apparatus and cell wall

C
Chloroplast and leucoplast

D
Mitochondria and cell wall

Solution

Both mitochondria and plastids are organelles that possess their own genetic material (DNA) and ribosomes. They are able to manufacture some proteins necessary for their functioning. Chloroplast and leucoplast are both plastids. So, the correct option is A
Question 4
1 / -0

How do substances like carbon dioxide (CO $_2$ ) and water (H $_2$ O) move in and out of the cell?

A
Diffusion and osmosis

B
Osmosis

C
Facilitated diffusion and diffusion

D
Active transport
Solution
- CO $_2$ is gas so, it moves in and out of the cell by diffusion. Diffusion is a process in which the molecules intermingle due to their kinetic energy and the movement of molecules is from higher concentration to lower concentration.
- H $_2$ O moves in and out of the cell by osmosis, in which the water molecules move from lower solute concentration to higher solute concentration through the cell membrane.
Thus, the correct answer is (A).
Question 5
1 / -0

Match the following correctly.
List I List II
A) Rough endoplasmic reticulum 1) Amoeba
B) Lysosome 2) Nucleus
C) Nucleoid 3) Bacteria
D) Food vacuoles 4) Ribosomes
E) Chromatin material and nucleolus 5) Suicidal bag

A
A- 5, B- 4, C- 1, D- 2, E- 3

B
A- 4, B- 5, C- 3, D- 1, E- 2

C
A- 3, B- 2, C- 4, D- 5, E- 1

D
A- 1, B- 3, C- 5, D- 2, E- 4
Solution
- The surface of the rough endoplasmic reticulum is embedded with ribosomes. They are involved in protein production.
- Lysosomes are also known as suicidal bags because they contain lytic enzymes that can digest cells and foreign materials.
- Nucleoid is the region that contains the genetic material in a prokaryotic cell (e.g. bacteria). It is not bound by a nuclear membrane.
- Food vacuoles are found in Amoeba. They are fluid-filled membrane-bound structures.
- The nucleus contains chromatin material and has a structure known as nucleolus.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.
Question 6
1 / -0

Protein packaging is done in:

A
Nucleolus

B
Ribosomes

C
ER

D
Golgi apparatus
Solution
- The Golgi apparatus is the organelle that is responsible for the packaging and transporting the proteins, lipids, etc. synthesized inside the cells.
- The nucleolus is responsible for the synthesis of ribosomal RNA and proteins.
- Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis.
- ER plays a major role in protein and lipid synthesis.
So, the correct answer is option (D).
Question 7
1 / -0

Name one organelle present in a plant, that can make some of its proteins.

A
Mitochondria

B
Lysosome

C
Golgi apparatus

D
None of the above

Solution

Mitochondria possess their own genetic material and 70S type of ribosomes. The mitochondrial DNA possesses genes that produce the proteins necessary for their functioning.
Question 8
1 / -0

Geeta was asked to prepare a temporary mount of onion peel and list the steps. While writing, she wrote the following steps, which may not be in proper sequence. The correct sequence would be
(i) Add a few drops of safranin to the watch glass
(ii) Cover it with a coverslip
(iii) Add a drop of Glycerine
(iv) Take out onion peel
(v) Place the peel in water in a watch glass
(vi) Wash the peel with water and transfer to a clean slide
(vii) Remove the extra water from the slide with blotting paper
(viii) Examine the slide under a microscope

A
i, ii, iii, iv, v, vii, vi, viii

B
iv, v, iii, ii, i, vii, vi, viii

C
iv, v, i, vi, vii, iii, ii, viii

D
v, iv, i, vii, vi, viii, iii, ii
Question 9
1 / -0

Match column I with column II and select the correct answer using the codes given below:
Column I Column II
(A) Amoeba, Paramoecium (p) Lysosomes
Chlamydomonas
(B) Protoplasm (q) Unicellular organisms
(C) Suicide bags of a cell (r) Purkinje in 1839
(D) Chromatin material (s) Schleiden and Schwann
and nucleolus
(E) Cell theory (t) Nucleus

A
$(A)\rightarrow r, (B)\rightarrow q, (C)\rightarrow p, (D)\rightarrow t, (E)\rightarrow s$

B
$(A)\rightarrow q, (B)\rightarrow r, (C)\rightarrow p, (D)\rightarrow s, (E)\rightarrow t$

C
$(A)\rightarrow q, (B)\rightarrow r, (C)\rightarrow p, (D)\rightarrow t, (E)\rightarrow s$

D
$(A)\rightarrow q, (B)\rightarrow p, (C)\rightarrow r, (D)\rightarrow t, (E)\rightarrow s$
Solution
- Amoeba, Chlamydomonas, Paramoecium are single celled organisms.
Purkinje in 1839 coined the term 'protoplasm' for the fluid substance of the cells.
- Lysosomes are membrane bound cellular organelles. They possess many hydrolytic enzymes for the digestion of cellular waste, debris, as engulfed, killed viruses or bacteria.
- When cell is in a metabolic crisis then lysosomes digest its own cell or cellular components by releasing enzymes. Hence, lysosomes are called as 'suicide bags' of the cell.
- The nucleus contains nucleolus and chromatin material visible as entangled mass of thread like structures.
- The cell theory that all the plants and animals are composed of cells and the cell is the basic unit of life, was presented by two biologists, Schleiden (1838) and Schwann (1839).
- So, the correct answer is option C.
Question 10
1 / -0

What is membrane biogenesis?

A
Process of building cell membrane

B
Cell wall formation

C
Process of forming biological organism

D
All of the above

Solution

Membrane synthesis or membrane biogenesis is a process of building cell membrane. It is a dynamic process, i.e., some of the membrane proteins and lipids are replaced with newly made proteins and lipids. This is an ongoing process. The proteins and lipids required for membrane biogenesis are synthesized by endoplasmic reticulum.
So, the correct answer is 'Process of building cell membrane'

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Re-Attempt Weekly Quiz Competition

List I	List II
A) Rough endoplasmic reticulum	1) Amoeba
B) Lysosome	2) Nucleus
C) Nucleoid	3) Bacteria
D) Food vacuoles	4) Ribosomes
E) Chromatin material and nucleolus	5) Suicidal bag

The Fundamental Unit of Life Test - 38

Result

The Fundamental Unit of Life Test - 38

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SHARING IS CARING

Question 1

Diffusion

Imbibition

Osmosis

All of the above

Solution

Question 2

Nuclear pores

Chromatin fibres

DNA

None of the above

Solution

Question 3

Plastid and mitochondria

Golgi apparatus and cell wall

Chloroplast and leucoplast

Mitochondria and cell wall

Solution

Question 4

Diffusion and osmosis

Osmosis

Facilitated diffusion and diffusion

Active transport

Solution

Question 5

A- 5, B- 4, C- 1, D- 2, E- 3

A- 4, B- 5, C- 3, D- 1, E- 2

A- 3, B- 2, C- 4, D- 5, E- 1

A- 1, B- 3, C- 5, D- 2, E- 4

Solution

Question 6

Nucleolus

Ribosomes

ER

Golgi apparatus

Solution

Question 7

Mitochondria

Lysosome

Golgi apparatus

None of the above

Solution

Question 8

i, ii, iii, iv, v, vii, vi, viii

iv, v, iii, ii, i, vii, vi, viii

iv, v, i, vi, vii, iii, ii, viii

v, iv, i, vii, vi, viii, iii, ii

Question 9

(A)→r,(B)→q,(C)→p,(D)→t,(E)→s(A)\rightarrow r, (B)\rightarrow q, (C)\rightarrow p, (D)\rightarrow t, (E)\rightarrow s(A)→r,(B)→q,(C)→p,(D)→t,(E)→s

(A)→q,(B)→r,(C)→p,(D)→s,(E)→t(A)\rightarrow q, (B)\rightarrow r, (C)\rightarrow p, (D)\rightarrow s, (E)\rightarrow t(A)→q,(B)→r,(C)→p,(D)→s,(E)→t

(A)→q,(B)→r,(C)→p,(D)→t,(E)→s(A)\rightarrow q, (B)\rightarrow r, (C)\rightarrow p, (D)\rightarrow t, (E)\rightarrow s(A)→q,(B)→r,(C)→p,(D)→t,(E)→s

(A)→q,(B)→p,(C)→r,(D)→t,(E)→s(A)\rightarrow q, (B)\rightarrow p, (C)\rightarrow r, (D)\rightarrow t, (E)\rightarrow s(A)→q,(B)→p,(C)→r,(D)→t,(E)→s

Solution

Question 10

Process of building cell membrane

Cell wall formation

Process of forming biological organism

All of the above

Solution

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$(A)\rightarrow r, (B)\rightarrow q, (C)\rightarrow p, (D)\rightarrow t, (E)\rightarrow s$

$(A)\rightarrow q, (B)\rightarrow r, (C)\rightarrow p, (D)\rightarrow s, (E)\rightarrow t$

$(A)\rightarrow q, (B)\rightarrow r, (C)\rightarrow p, (D)\rightarrow t, (E)\rightarrow s$

$(A)\rightarrow q, (B)\rightarrow p, (C)\rightarrow r, (D)\rightarrow t, (E)\rightarrow s$