Diversity in Living Organisms Test - 5

Nervous system is responsible for control and coordination in animals. Nervous system develops for the first time in phylum Coelenterates. A nerve net consists of interconnected neurons lacking a brain  While organisms with bilateral body symmetry are normally associated with a central nervous system, organisms with radial symmetry are associated with nerve nets.The nerve net is the simplest form of a nervous system found in multicellular organisms.Coelentrates are the first two phyla to possess nervous systems which differentiate during development and communicate by synaptic conduction. Most research on the evolution of nervous tissue concerning nerve nets has been conducted using cnidarians. The nervous systems of coelenterates allow for sensation, contraction, locomotion, and hunting/feeding behaviors. Coelenterates and bilaterians share common neurophysiological mechanisms

Pinna is the external opening of ears. Pinna is characteristic feature of Mammalia.The pinna is the visible part of the ear that resides outside of the head. The purpose of the pinna is to collect sound. It does so by acting as a funnel, amplifying the sound and directing it to the ear canal. In mammals like cats and dogs, it is obviously highly directional, but even in humans, the pinna functions as a directional sound collector. The "sweet spot" for which the pinna best collects sound is called the acoustic axis or the acoustic fovea. In various species, the pinna can also signal mood and radiate heat.

The five kingdom of classification was proposed by R. Whittaker. These kingdoms were Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia.R.H. Whittaker (1969) proposed a Five Kingdom Classification. The kingdoms defined by him were named Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia. The main criteria for classification used by him include cell structure, thallus organisation, mode of nutrition, reproduction and phylogenetic relationships.

The skull having two occipital condyle is called dicondylic skull. The members of class amphibians and mammals possesses dicondylic skull.Skull has two occipital condyles, with the help of these two condyles skull is connected by first vertebra of vertebral column i.e, Atlas,

The Whittaker’s classification includes five kingdom in which unicellular organisms having Eukaryotic cell are placed in kingdom Protista. Protists are eukaryotic organisms that cannot be classified as a plant, animal, or fungus. They are mostly unicellular, but some, like algae, are multicellular. Kelp, or 'seaweed,' is a large multicellular protist that provides food, shelter, and oxygen for numerous underwater ecosystems. Even though kelp resembles a plant, it is not classified into Kingdom Plantae because it lacks the cellular complexity of plant cells.Protists can be heterotrophic, which means they obtain the energy they need to live by consuming other organisms. Or, they can be autotrophic, which means they obtain energy from the environment through photosynthesis, the process of capturing light energy and storing it in carbohydrates.

Polymorphism is the occurrence of different forms of types of individuals among the members of a single species. It is shown by species Physalia. 

Coelenterate animals may show a number of zooids. They are of different forms. They take up different functions. These are called polymorphism. This phenomenon is called polymorphism. (Such a colony is called 'Polymorphic' colony). Polymorphism denotes division of labor among the zooids of the individual.polymorphism is one of the  Coelenterates animal characteristic feature A polymorphic colony contains many individuals called zooids. They are mainly two types.1. Medusae 2. Polyps.

Monera means single was a kingdom that contained unicellular organisms with a prokaryotic cell organization (having no nuclear membrane), such as bacteria. They are single-celled organisms with no true nuclear membrane  in prokaryotic organism

Protists are eukaryotic organisms that cannot be classified as a plant, animal, or fungus. They are mostly unicellular, but some, like algae, are multicellular. Kelp, or 'seaweed,' is a large multicellularprotist that provides food, shelter, and oxygen for numerous underwater ecosystems

A fungus is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and moulds as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom Fungi, which is separate from the other eukaryotic life kingdoms of plants and animals A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi are multicellular and heterotrophs in nature.

Plants are mainly multicellular, predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae.The term is today generally limited to the green plants. This includes the flowering plants and other gymnosperms, ferns, hornworts, mosses and the green algae, and excludes the red and blue algae. Green plants have cell walls containing cellulose and obtain most of their energy from sunlight by photosynthesis by primary chloroplasts, derived from endosymbosis with cyanobacteria.

Carl Linnaeus. Carl Linnaeus, also known as Carl von Linné or Carolus Linnaeus, is often called the Father of Taxonomy. His system for naming, ranking, and classifying organisms is still in wide use today (with many changes).

The formal introduction of Bionomial  system of naming species is credited to Carl Linnaeus, effectively beginning with his work Species Plantarum. Linnean system of binomial nomenclature, the scientific way to name living things with a generic (genus) and specific (species) name.

Gregor Mendel, who is known as the "father of modern genetics",gained posthumous recognition as the founder of the modern science of genetics.

Charles Robert Darwin, was an English naturalist, geologist and biologist best known for his contributions to the science of evolution.

Choanocytes are cells that line the interior of asconoid, syconoid and leuconoid body type. They are characteristic of Porifera kingdom. Choanocytes (also known as "collar cells") are cells that line the interior of asconoid, syconoid and leuconoid body type spongesthat contain a central flagellum, or undulipodia, surrounded by a collar of microvilli which are connected by a thin membrane. They make up Choanoderm, a type of cell layer found in sponges.

The branch of biological science involves in identifying, grouping and naming of organisms is called taxonomy. Science. Taxonomy is a branch of science that encompasses the description, identification, nomenclature, and classification of organisms. Alpha taxonomy, the description and basic classification of new species, subspecies, and other taxa. Carl Linnaeus is considered as Father of Taxonomy.