Diversity in Living Organisms Test - 8

Echinodermata is exclusively found in sea water or marine. It includes organism like starfish. Echinoderm is the common name given to any member of the phylum Echinodermata . The adults are recognizable by their (usually five-point) radial symmetry, and include such well-known animals as sea stars, sea urchins as well as the sea lilies or "stone lilies". Echinoderms are found at every ocean depth. Most echinoderms are able to  regenerate tissue, organs, limbs, and reproduce sexually; in some cases, they can undergo complete regeneration from a single limb. Geologically, the value of echinoderms is in their ossified skeletons, which are major contributors to many limestone formations, and can provide valuable clues as to the geological environment

Male Ascaris differ from female Ascaris in different way. Female Ascaris are longer in size, male Ascaris have curved posterior end and contain penial setae. 

Ascaris worms are sexually dimorphic, which means that there are differences in body size, shape, color, and so forth between males and females. For example, the males are shorter in length than the females. Male Ascaris worms range from 15-31 cm in length, with the length of female Ascaris worms ranging from 20-49 cm, with an average length of 30 cm. Also, the males have a smaller diameter than females. one of the simplest ways to determine if an Ascaris worm ismale or female is the presence or absence of a spicule

Amphibians are more advanced than fishes because of three chambered heart and lungs for respiration in place gills. 

Amphibianshave three-chambered heart and lungs for respiration, while fishes have two-chambered heart and gills for respiration. Well they have limbs and lungs, which  consider to be more complex.fish,amphibians, and reptiles are water creatures, so when they beathe water cleans their air supply, which makes their imune system weak air beathers are used to pollution which means they have a stronger immune system.

Hemichordates are those organism that lacks notochord and true dorsal nerve. Balanoglossus is an example of hemichordate phylum. Hemichordata is a phylum of marine deuterostome animals, generally considered the sister group of the echinoderms. They appear in the Lower or Middle Cambrian and include two main classes: Enteropneusta (acorn worms), and Pterobranchia They are Solitary and colonial, mostly tubicolous, exclusively marine. Body soft, fragile, vermiform and divisible into proboscis, collar and trunk. Body wall with a single-layered epidermis.

Whale is found in water but they respire with lungs, have four chambered heart and possesses mammary glands, so not placed in fishes.Whales are mammals because they give birth to live young, they have fur (although it is very sparse on their body), they have lungs and breath air and they provide milk for their young. Whales are warm blooded, which means they keep a high body temperature that does not change in the cold water. Fish are cold-blooded, so their body temperature changes depending on the temperature of their environment. Whales actually breathe air with lungs using their blowholes to breath out! They come to the surface of the water so they can breathe just like you and me. Fish get oxygen directly from the water through their gills. Whales even have a little bit of hair on their smooth skin, usually on the top of their head. Fish have scales.

Cuttle fish are marine animals of the order Sepia. They belongs to class Cephalopoda that includes Sepia. Cuttlefish  have an internal shell (called a cuttlebone), large eyes, and eight arms and two tentacles furnished with finely toothed suckers, with which they grab their prey Cuttlefish have an internal cuttlebone, made of calcium carbonate. It is porous, full of small holes, The buoyancy of the cuttlebone can change, allowing the cuttlefish to go lower or higher by changing the amount of gas and liquid in its chambers. The cuttlebone of each species has a distinct shape, size, and pattern of ridges or texture. Cuttlebones are used by jewellers and silvermiths as moulds for casting small objects. 

The members of family Pisces have two chambered heart, one atrium and one ventricle. Rohu has two chambered heart out of the organism given above. The 2-chambered heart is an interesting form of the primary circulatory organ and exists primarily in animals that use gills for breathing. The two types of chambers are the atria - receiving chambers - and ventricles - pumping chambers. the atria are the first stops for blood entering the heart, and the ventricles are the chambers that push blood out of the organ. The organization of these chambers will differ depending on the needs of the system, particularly as it relates to breathing and respiration. Animals with 2-chambered hearts are those that use gills to replenish oxygen in the blood supply,

The animals belonging to group Arachnida have 4 pairs of jointed legs and no wings to fly. Arachnids have joint legged invertebrates with no wings. All arachnids have eight legs, although the front pair of legs in some species has converted to a sensory function, while in other species, different  appendages can grow large enough to take on the appearance of extra pairs of legs. Almost all extant arachnids are terrestriall, living mainly on land. However, some inhabit freshwater environments arachnids have an exoskeleton, and they also have an internal structure of cartilage-like tissue, called the endosternite, to which certain muscle groups are attached. 

Birds are adapted to fly in air by having well-developed flight muscles, presence of air sacs and having acute sharp vision. They also have thin, moist, glandular and respiratory skin but not adaptation for flight. Many of a bird's bones are hollow which makes birds' bodies lightweight. Flying birds have large chest muscles that move the wings. Birds have feathers that help them fly. The long flight feathers on the wings and tail help birds balance and steer.

The Venus flower basket is the dried skeleton of Euplectella, which is a hexaactinellid sponge in the phylum Porifera. The Venus' flower basket (Euplectella aspergillum) is a hexactinellid sponge in the phylum Porifera inhabiting the deep ocean. They breed, and when their offspring are tiny, the offspring escape to find a Venus' flower basket of their own. The shrimp inside the basket clean it and, in return, the basket provides food for the shrimp by trapping it in its tissues and then releasing wastes into the body of the sponge for the shrimp.