Plant Reproduction Test - 10

• It ’s the nucellus. Nucellus is the place where the embryo sac rests.
• It is made up of cushiony cells called parenchymatous cells.
• Nucellus helps in the nourishment of the embryo sac.

Parthenocarpy is the development of fruit without fertilisation. Parthenocarpic fruits are seedless because they develop without the ovules being fertilised. This can occur naturally or be induced through the application of growth hormones.

• They are the 3 mature cells in the embryo sac present opposite to the micropylar end.
• The function of the antipodal cells is to provide nutrition and nourishment to the embryo sac.

The microsporangial wall ’s outer three layers —the epidermis, endothecium, and middle layers —help to shield developing anthers and act as a mechanism for dehiscence in adult anthers.

• Zygotes split following endosperm development.
• The zygote cannot sustain itself by nourishment, hence the explanation.
• It needs endosperm to get its nourishment. It is a modification.

The mature anther consists of four microsporangia which contain four layers. The inner most layer is called tapetum that provide nutrient to growing microspores and tissues inside it are called microspore mother cell that produce pollen grain.

Explanation:

Meiosis and Pollen Grain Formation:
- Meiosis is a type of cell division that results in the formation of gametes, such as pollen grains in plants.
- Meiosis involves two divisions, known as Meiosis I and Meiosis II.

Number of Pollen Grains:
- In plants, pollen grains are formed through meiosis in the anthers of flowers.
- Each pollen grain is produced by a single meiotic division.
- Therefore, to form 64 pollen grains, 64 meiotic divisions are required.

Calculation:
- Number of meiotic divisions = Number of pollen grains
- Therefore, the number of meiotic divisions required to form 64 pollen grains is 64.
- Hence, the correct answer is C: 16.

Filiform apparatus is finger-like projection attached with egg apparatus. This apparatus guide the pollen tube carrying male gametes for facilitating Syngamy.

Each Sporogenous cell under meiotic division to form tetrad of megaspores. The three megaspores degenerate and only one megaspore develops into embryo sac or female gametophyte.

Microsporangium is surrounded by four wall layers. The innermost layer is tapetum. Tapetum nourishes the developing pollens. The three outer walls provide protection and help in dehiscence of anther to release pollen grains.