Reproduction in Organisms Test

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Reproduction in Organisms Test - 5

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Weekly Quiz Competition

Question 1
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Which of the following is NOT correct about artificial means of vegetative propagation?

A
Quick production of new plants

B
Combining good qualities of two different varieties

C
Economical

D
Genetic variation

Solution

During vegetative propagation, new organisms are formed by single plant parts. So, new individuals are genetically similar to each other and there is no genetic variation.

Fig : Vegetative propagation in different parts of plants
Hence, the correct option is D.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 7 of topic “1.1 ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION ”of chapter 1.
Question 2
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Identify the organism and type of reproduction in figure below.

A
Amoeba, binary fission

B
Hydra, budding

C
Yeast, budding

D
Yeast, multiple fission
Solution
Asexual mode of reproduction in yeast takes place by budding process in which small outgrowth develops on tips followed by karyokinesis.

Same process is repeated several times to form a chain of yeast cells.

Hence, the correct option is C.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 5 of topic “1.1 ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION ”of chapter 1.
Question 3
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A flower having both male and female reproductive parts are termed as______.

A
Heterolithic

B
Monoecious

C
Homolithic

D
Dioecious
Solution
The male and female reproductive parts of the flower are stamen and carpel.

If both stamen and pistil are present in the same flower, the flower is called monoecious .

Hence, the correct option is B.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 11 of topic “1.2.1 Pre-fertilisation Events ”of chapter 1.
Question 4
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The chances of survival of a young one is greater in ___________ organism.

A
Gemmules

B
Omniparous

C
Viviparous

D
Oviparous
Solution
In Viviparous, a well developed young one is produced by a female at the end of gestation period.

In viviparous organisms, the chances of young ones surviving are higher due to effective embryonic care and protection.

There is no fear of predators in the outer elements of the environment as in case of oviparous in which a young one comes out of the egg.

Viviparous mode of development is not influenced by adverse environmental conditions.

Hence, the correct option is C.

NCERT Reference: Page no. 16 of topic “1.2.3 Post-fertilisation Events ”of chapter 1.
Question 5
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________ is retained throughout generations in parthenogenesis.

A
Phenotype

B
Genotype

C
Age

D
Generation

Solution

Since there is no fertilization, there is no crossing over of genes, hence the genotype is retained throughout generations in parthenogenesis. This means no variety in the population.

Hence, the correct option is B
NCERT Reference: Page no. 14 of topic “1.2.2 Fertilisation ”of chapter 1.
Question 6
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In which of the following does syngamy occur inside?

A
Algae

B
Amphibians

C
Fishes

D
Humans
Solution
Syngamy is the process of fertilization that produces a diploid cell on the fusion of two haploid cells. It is also often called internal fertilization since the process takes place on the inside. For example in humans .

However, there are few species of organisms where syngamy occurs outside their bodies, in an external medium. Example, algae, fishes, amphibians, etc. This is also called as external fertilization.

Hence, the correct option is D.

NCERT Reference: Page no. 14 of topic “1.2.2 Fertilisation ”of chapter 1.
Question 7
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In non-primate mammals like cows, sheep, rats, dogs etc., such cyclical changes during reproduction are called?

A
Oestrus cycle

B
Gestation period

C
Menstrual cycle

D
Growth cycle
Solution
Sexual reproduction in mammals involves cyclic changes in the ovaries, accessory glands and the reproductive hormones during which ovum is released.

In non-primates animals, it is called oestrus cycle and in primates including human beings it is called menstrual cycle.

Hence, the correct option is A.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 9 of topic “1.2 SEXUAL REPRODUCTION ”of chapter 1
Question 8
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Which plant is the “terror of Bengal ”?

A
Cereus

B
Corpse plant

C
Water hyacinth

D
Cactus
Solution
Water hyacinth is a water weed that grows on still water. It drains out all the oxygen from the water bodies which is extremely fatal for marine organisms. It is very difficult to get rid of them because even if leave behind a single bud, it will start multiplying at a great speed.

Hence, the correct option is C.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 8 of topic “1.1 ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION ”of chapter 1.
Question 9
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How does Bryophyllum reproduce?

A
Leaves

B
Stem

C
Roots

D
Nodes
Solution
Adventitious buds arise from the margin of the leaves in Bryophyllum.

Those buds give rise to new plants that fall of when they are capable enough to grow on their own.

This unique ability has been exploited by gardeners and farmers.

Hence, the correct option is A.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 8 of topic “1.1 ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION ”of chapter 1.
Question 10
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Sexual reproduction is better mode of reproduction because offspring _____.

A
Are identical to one another

B
Faster mode of reproduction

C
Are bigger in size

D
Have better chances of survival
Solution
During sexual reproduction male and female gametes are fused together to form zygote.

The gene from two different sources mix together and develops some new features in new progeny.

Variation among individuals (in a population) due to crossing over and recombination during gamete formation by meiosis.

The new traits help the organisms to survive in adverse conditions also .

Hence, the correct option is D.
NCERT Reference: Refer topic “1.2 SEXUAL REPRODUCTION ”of chapter 1.
Question 11
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Appearance of vegetative propagules from the nodes of plants such as sugarcane &ginger is mainly because

A
nodes are shorter than internodes.

B
nodes are located near the soil.

C
nodes have meristematic cells.

D
nodes have non-photosynthetic cells.
Solution
Vegetative propagation is asexual reproduction from various parts in plants.

In plants, such as sugarcane and ginger, the appearance of vegetative propagules from nodes is because of the presence of meristematic cells in them.

Meristematic cells have the ability to divide to form new cells which can differentiate and give rise to permanent tissues.

Hence, the correct option is C.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 7 of topic “1.1 ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION ”of chapter 1.
Question 12
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Choose the correct statement amongst the following:

A
Dioecious organisms are seen in both plants &animals.

B
Dioecious organisms are seen only in vertebrates.

C
Dioecious organisms are seen in plants.

D
Dioecious (hermaphrodite) organisms are seen only in animals.
Solution
Dioecious organisms are those in which male and female parts are present on different organisms whereas monoecious organisms are those in which male and female parts are present on the same organism.

Monoecious organisms are also called as hermaphrodites. Dioecious organisms are seen in both plants and animals . Papaya, date palm and most of the animals are dioecious.

Hence, the correct option is A.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 11 of topic “1.2.1 Pre-fertilisation Events ”of chapter 1.
Question 13
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Which of the following situations correctly describe the similarity between an angiosperm egg &a human egg?
(a) Eggs of both are formed only once in a lifetime.
(b) Both the angiosperm egg &human egg are stationary.
(c) Both the angiosperm egg &human egg are motile transported.
(d) Syngamy in both results in the formation of zygote.

A
(d) only

B
(c) &(d)

C
(a) &(d)

D
(b) &(d)

Solution

Hence, the correct option is A
NCERT Reference: Page no. 9 of topic “1.2 SEXUAL REPRODUCTION ”of chapter 1.
Question 14
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Arrange the following in order of their occurrence in plants.

A
Pollination, fertilization, seedling, embryo

B
Seedling, embryo, fertilization, pollination

C
Pollination, fertilization, embryo, seedling

D
Embryo, seedling, pollination, fertilization
Solution
Sequence of events in reproduction in flowers:

Pollination - It is the process by which pollen is transferred from anther to stigma.

Fertilization -It is the process of fusion of male and female gametes. Once the pollen tube enters into synergid cells, male gametes are released. One of male gametes fuses with the egg and forms diploid cell zygote and this is called syngamy. Other male gamete fuses with two polar nuclei to form endosperm and this is called triple fusion because of fusion of three haploid nuclei. The whole process is called double fertilization.

Embryo formation - Development of embryo from zygote.

Seedling - Seed enclose embryo and covered by seed coat.

Hence, the correct option is C.
NCERT Reference: Refer topic “1.2 SEXUAL REPRODUCTION ”of chapter 1.
Question 15
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Which of the following is a post fertilization event in flowering plants?

A
Transfer of pollen grains

B
Embryo development

C
Formation of flower

D
Formation of pollen grains
Solution
Events in sexual reproduction after the fertilization are called post-fertilization events.

After fertilization, a diploid zygote is formed in all sexually reproducing organisms.

The process of development of an embryo from the zygote is called embryogenesis.

Hence, the correct option is B.
NCERT Reference: Page no. 15 of topic “1.2.3 Post-fertilisation Events ”of chapter 1.