Principles of Inheritance & Variation Test

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Principles of Inheritance & Variation Test - 9

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Question 1
1 / -0.25

When alleles of two contrasting characters are present together, one of the character express and the other remains hidden. This is the________.

A
Law of segregation

B
Law of independent assortment

C
Law of dominance

D
Law of purity of gametes

Solution

When alleles of two contrasting characters are hybridized together, one of the character express and the other remains hidden .This is Mendel’s first law or law of dominance.
Question 2
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The genotypic ratio of a monohybrid cross is____.

A
1:2:1

B
2:1:1

C
9:3:3:1

D
3:1

Solution

The genotype is the actual genetic makeup of an individual. In monohybrid cross the genotypic ration is 1:2:1 and phenotypic ratio is 3:1.
Question 3
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The geometrical device that helps to find out all the possible combinations of male and female gametes is called?

A
Bateson square

B
Mendel square

C
Morgan square

D
Punnett square

Solution

Punnett square is used to find out all the possible combination of male and female gametes. In monohybrid cross, a square of four is used and in dihybrid square of 16 is used.
Question 4
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What is represented in the boxes of the Punnett square?

A
Gametes of male parent

B
Gametes of female parent

C
Genotype of the offspring produced

D
Genotype of all possible offsprings
Solution
In the Punnett square, the boxes are filled with the offsprings that can be produced, in principle, from the combinations of gametes of both parents.
This can be used to determine the genotypic and phenotypic ratios of the progeny.
Question 5
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The crossing of F1 to any one of the parents is called?

A
Back cross

B
F1 cross

C
Test cross

D
All of these

Solution

The crossing of F1 to any one of the parents is called back cross. It is used to check the purity of individual. When F1 is crossed with recessive parent, it is called test cross.
Question 6
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In a plant, red fruit (R) is dominant over yellow fruit (r) and tallness (T) is dominant over shortness (t). If a plant with RRTt genotype is crossed with a plant that is rrtt:

A
25% will be tall with red fruit

B
75% will be tall with red fruit

C
50% will be tall with red fruit

D
All the offspring will be tall with red fruit

Solution

If a plant with RRTt genotype is crossed with a plant that is rrtt 50% of the offspring will be tall with red fruit.
Question 7
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If two pea plants having red (dominant) coloured flowers with unknown genotypes are crossed, 75% of the flowers are red and 25% are white. The genotypic constitution of the parents having red coloured flowers will be

A
Both heterozygous

B
One homozygous and other heterozygous

C
Both homozygous

D
Both hemizygous

Solution

When two pea plants having red (dominant)c coloured flowers with unknown genotype are crossed, the 75% red and 25% white flowered plants will be produced by following the law of Mendel. This is possible only if the parents are heterozygotes.
Question 8
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F2 generation in a Mendelian cross showed that both genotypic and phenotypic ratios are same as 1 : 2 : 1. It represents in case of

A
Monohybrid cross with complete dominance

B
Monohybrid cross with incomplete dominance

C
Dihybrid Cross

D
Co –Dominance

Solution

Monohybrid cross with incomplete dominance shows both genotypic and phenotypic ratio as same (1 : 2 : 1).

Genotypic ratio - 1(AA):2(Aa):1(aa)
Phenotypic ratio - 1(Red):2(Pink):1(White)
Question 9
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Which of the following statements is true regarding the “law of independent assortment ”?

A
Independent assortment leads to variation.

B
Independent assortment leads to formation of new combinations of characters.

C
Factors assort independent of each other when more than one pair of characters are present together.

D
All of these

Solution

Independent Assortment describes how different genes independently separate from one another when reproductive cells develop. Independent assortment of genes and their corresponding traits was first observed by Gregor Mendel. Recombination occurs during meiosis and is a process that breaks and recombines pieces of DNA to produce new combinations of genes. Recombination scrambles pieces of maternal and paternal genes, which ensures that genes assort independently from one another.
Question 10
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In Mendel 's experiments with garden pea, round seed shape (RR) was dominant over Wrinkled Seeds (rr), Yellow cotyledon (YY) was dominant over green cotyledon (yy). What are the expected Phenotypes in the F2 generation of the cross RRYY x rryy?

A
Only wrinkled seeds with yellow cotyledons

B
Round seeds with yellow cotyledons and wrinkled seeds with yellow cotyledons

C
Only round seeds with green cotyledons

D
Only wrinkled seeds with green cotyledons

Solution

The expected Phenotypes in the F2 generation of the cross RRYY x rryy is Round-yellow; wrinkled-yellow; round-green and wrinkled-green in 9:3:3:1 similar to dihybrid results.

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Principles of Inheritance & Variation Test - 9

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Principles of Inheritance & Variation Test - 9

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Question 1

Law of segregation

Law of independent assortment

Law of dominance

Law of purity of gametes

Solution

Question 2

1:2:1

2:1:1

9:3:3:1

3:1

Solution

Question 3

Bateson square

Mendel square

Morgan square

Punnett square

Solution

Question 4

Gametes of male parent

Gametes of female parent

Genotype of the offspring produced

Genotype of all possible offsprings

Solution

Question 5

Back cross

F1 cross

Test cross

All of these

Solution

Question 6

25% will be tall with red fruit

75% will be tall with red fruit

50% will be tall with red fruit

All the offspring will be tall with red fruit

Solution

Question 7

Both heterozygous

One homozygous and other heterozygous

Both homozygous

Both hemizygous

Solution

Question 8

Monohybrid cross with complete dominance

Monohybrid cross with incomplete dominance

Dihybrid Cross

Co –Dominance

Solution

Question 9

Independent assortment leads to variation.

Independent assortment leads to formation of new combinations of characters.

Factors assort independent of each other when more than one pair of characters are present together.

All of these

Solution

Question 10

Only wrinkled seeds with yellow cotyledons

Round seeds with yellow cotyledons and wrinkled seeds with yellow cotyledons

Only round seeds with green cotyledons

Only wrinkled seeds with green cotyledons

Solution

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