Evolution Test - 4

Huge nucleoprotein were formed by uniting nucleic acids and protein molecules. The particles of nucleoprotein were described as free living genes. Hence, nucleoprotein gave the first sign of life . So, the correct option is a. 

All the four elements are important for the origin of life but carbon is the most important as it is the building blocks of any living elements. This is the reason when all the elements are added to the Miller and urea experiment.

So the correct option is 'Carbon '.

Miller 's experiment, known as the Miller-Urey experiment, aimed to simulate the conditions of early Earth and test the theory of chemical evolution. In this experiment, a mixture of gases was subjected to electric sparks to simulate lightning. The electric sparks served as a source of energy that would have been present in the early Earth 's atmosphere.
The combination of hydrogen, methane, ammonia, and water vapor, closely resembled the hypothesized composition of the early Earth 's atmosphere. By subjecting this mixture to electric sparks, Miller was able to simulate the energy input from lightning strikes.
The electric sparks provided the necessary energy to drive chemical reactions among the gases, resulting in the formation of various organic compounds, including simple amino acids. This experiment provided evidence that the building blocks of life, such as amino acids, could have formed under the conditions believed to be present on early Earth.
Therefore, option B correctly represents the components used by Miller in the synthesis of simple amino acids in his experiment.

Big-Bang theory was proposed by Abbe Lemaitre.

• It states that the universe originated due to a thermonuclear explosion of a dense entity.
• It was the first proposed theory.

Louis Pasteur 's 1859 experiment is widely seen as having settled the question. In summary, Pasteur boiled a meat broth in a flask that had a long neck that curved downward, like a goose. The idea was that the bend in the neck prevented falling particles from reaching the broth, while still allowing the free flow of air. The flask remained free of growth for an extended period. When the flask was turned so that particles could fall down the bends, the broth quickly became clouded . In detail, Pasteur exposed boiled broths to air in vessels that contained a filter to prevent all particles from passing through to the growth medium, and even in vessels with no filter at all, with air being admitted via a long tortuous tube that would not allow dust particles to pass. Nothing grew in the broths unless the flasks were broken open, showing that the living organisms that grew in such broths came from outside, as spores on dust, rather than spontaneously generated within the broth. This was one of the last and most important experiments disproving the theory of spontaneous generation. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

• All the synthetic processes obtained energy from the Sun and lightening.
• Also, other alternate sources like volcanic eruptions and ionizing radiations like X-rays.
• These were the only available sources of energy during primitive time.

• The primitive atmosphere had no oxygen and reducing i.e. no free oxygen was available.
• It was converted into oxidizing nature by the emergence of cyanobacteria.
• They released oxygen into atmosphere by converting water into hydrogen and oxygen.

Theory of spontaneous generation believed that life originated spontaneously from the non-living decaying and rotting matter like straw and mud. This theory was disproved by Louis Pasteur. Louis Pasteur demonstrated that life comes from the pre-existing life.
Correct option is B. 

Reasons why life is not found on the moon:

• Absence of carbon: Carbon is an essential element for life as we know it. It is the building block of organic molecules, which are the basis of life on Earth. Without carbon, the formation of complex organic compounds necessary for life would not be possible.


• Absence of water: Water is also crucial for life. It is a universal solvent, and most biological processes require water to occur. Without water, the biochemical reactions necessary for life cannot take place.


• Absence of nitrogen: Nitrogen is an essential component of proteins and nucleic acids, which are fundamental to life. Without nitrogen, the synthesis of these crucial molecules would not be possible, making life unsustainable.


 

Considering these factors, it can be concluded that the absence of water on the moon is the primary reason why life is not found there. While the moon may have trace amounts of carbon and nitrogen, the lack of water makes it extremely challenging for life as we know it to exist.

Anaximander and Aristotle were main proponents of the theory of spontaneous generation which assumes origin of life from non living substances. It assumes the origin of frogs and toads from mud that of microorganisms from air and so on. Origin of life by God ’s desire was refuted by scientific knowledge based upon fossil records and data from comparative anatomy, morphology and embryology.Thus, now life is not originating.