Infrastructure Test - 3

Conventional sources of energy are the natural energy resources which are present in a limited quantity and are being used for a long time. These include coal, petroleum, natural gas and nuclear energy. These are further classified as commercial energy and non-commercial energy.  
These are coal, petroleum and electricity. These are called commercial energy because they have a price and consumer has to pay the price to purchase them.
These sources include fuel wood, straw and dried dung. These are commonly used in rural India.
 

Secondary Source of Energy:
There are several sources of energy, some of which are primary sources while others are secondary sources. Secondary sources of energy are those that are derived from primary sources and undergo a conversion process to be used as a form of energy.
Among the options provided, the secondary source of energy is Electricity (Option D) . Here is a detailed explanation:
Primary Sources of Energy:
- Primary sources of energy are natural resources that can be directly used to generate energy.
- Examples of primary sources include fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas), nuclear energy, solar energy, wind energy, hydroelectric power, etc.
Secondary Sources of Energy:
- Secondary sources of energy are produced by converting primary sources into a usable form.
- These sources are generated through various processes, such as combustion, nuclear reactions, or harnessing natural forces.
- Some common secondary sources of energy include electricity, gasoline, diesel fuel, and steam.
Explanation:
- Oil (Option A) is a primary source of energy, as it is a fossil fuel that can be directly used for various purposes such as transportation, heating, and electricity generation.
- Nuclear energy (Option B) is also a primary source of energy, as it is produced through nuclear reactions and can be directly used to generate electricity.
- Hydrocarbons (Option C) are a broad category of compounds that include fossil fuels such as oil, natural gas, and coal. These are primary sources of energy.
- Electricity (Option D) is a secondary source of energy, as it is generated by converting primary sources such as fossil fuels, nuclear energy, or renewable sources into electrical energy.
Therefore, the correct answer is D: Electricity as the secondary source of energy.

Explanation:
When coal is used for electricity generation and the electricity generated is consumed by industries, coal becomes the primary source of energy. Here's a detailed explanation:
1. Primary source:
- A primary source refers to the original and direct source of energy.
- In this case, coal is directly used for electricity generation.
- Coal is burned in power plants to produce steam, which drives turbines connected to generators to produce electricity.
2. Electricity generation:
- When coal is burned, it releases heat energy, which is converted into electrical energy through the process of electricity generation.
- The electricity generated is a secondary form of energy.
3. Consumption by industries:
- The electricity generated from coal is then consumed by industries for various purposes such as manufacturing, production, and operation of machinery.
- Industries rely on electricity as a source of power to carry out their day-to-day activities.
4. Conclusion:
- In this scenario, coal is considered the primary source of energy because it is directly used for electricity generation.
- The electricity generated from coal is a secondary source of energy.
- The industries consuming this electricity rely on coal as the primary source of energy for their operations.

Health means:
- Absence of disease: This refers to the state of being free from any illness or medical condition. It implies that a person is physically and mentally well without any signs or symptoms of disease.
- Ability to realize one's potential: Health is not just the absence of disease but also the ability to function optimally and achieve one's goals. It encompasses physical, mental, and social well-being, enabling individuals to live a fulfilling and productive life.
- Both: Health is a holistic concept that includes both the absence of disease and the ability to realize one's potential. It goes beyond the absence of illness and focuses on overall well-being and the capacity to lead a meaningful life.
- None: This option is incorrect as health is not just the absence of disease but also encompasses other aspects of well-being and personal growth.
In conclusion, health is not only about being disease-free but also about having the ability to reach one's full potential. It is a combination of physical, mental, and social well-being.

Health indicators are characteristics of a population which is used describing the health of population.
A morbidity indicator is a value describing the presence of disease in the population, or the degree of risk of an event.
Mortality rate means measure of number of deaths in a population.
The infant mortality rate is the number of infant deaths for every 1,000 live births. Thus, giving us key information about maternal and infant health, the infant mortality rate is an important marker of the overall health of a society.

 

The Government of India has decided to launch a National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) to address the health needs of rural population, especially the vulnerable sections of society. The Sub-centre is the most peripheral level of contact with the community under the public health infrastructure. ASHA will be a health activist in the community who will create awareness on health and its social determinants and mobilize the community towards local health planning and increased utilization and accountability of the existing health services. The general norm was to have ‘One ASHA per 1000 population ’.  A trained female community health worker –ASHA –is being provided in each village in the ratio of one per 1000 population.

Definition of MTOE:
MTOE stands for Million tonnes of oil equivalent. It is a unit of measurement used to compare different forms of energy based on their heating value, with oil being the reference point.
Explanation:
To answer this question, we need to identify the correct definition of MTOE.
- A: Million tonnes of natural gas equivalent: This is not the correct definition of MTOE. While natural gas is a form of energy, it is not the reference point for MTOE.
- B: Million tonnes of oil equivalent: This is the correct definition of MTOE. It represents the amount of energy equivalent to one million metric tonnes of oil. Oil is the reference point for this unit of measurement.
- C: Million tonnes of coal equivalent: This is not the correct definition of MTOE. While coal is a form of energy, it is not the reference point for MTOE.
- D: Meter tonnes of oil equivalent: This is not the correct definition of MTOE. The correct unit for MTOE is million tonnes, not meter tonnes.
Therefore, the correct answer is B: Million tonnes of oil equivalent .

GSLV to Launch EDUSAT on September 20, 2004. Preparations for the launch of EDUSAT by India 's Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV-F01) are proceeding satisfactorily at Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC) SHAR, Sriharikota.

GBD stands for Global Burden Disease
- GBD is an abbreviation for Global Burden Disease, a comprehensive assessment of mortality and disability from major diseases, injuries, and risk factors.
- It is a systematic analysis conducted by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) and provides a comprehensive view of global health trends and the impact of diseases and injuries on populations.
- GBD measures the burden of diseases in terms of years of life lost (YLL), years lived with disability (YLD), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).
- It takes into account various factors such as age, sex, and geography to estimate the burden of diseases and injuries worldwide.
- GBD provides valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and public health professionals to prioritize health interventions and allocate resources effectively.
- The findings from GBD help in understanding the leading causes of death and disability globally and guide efforts to improve health outcomes.
- GBD is an ongoing project that updates its estimates periodically to reflect the changing patterns of diseases and risk factors.
- The data generated by GBD is freely available and accessible to researchers and policymakers for further analysis and decision-making.

The Ministry of Ayurveda, Yoga &Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homoeopathy is purposed with developing education, research and propagation of indigenous alternative medicine systems in India. 
The full form AYUSH suggests its purpose and it does not include Samveda.