Physics Test - 9

As due to mirrors there is reflection of light from one mirror to other and finally fall on the eye of the observer.

When we replace it with the lenses then there must be a refraction of light so that then can go to other lens and finally on observer. The phenomenon of reflection of light by a lens is called as total internal reflection. Total internal reflection is a complete reflection of a ray of light within a medium such as water or glass from the surrounding surfaces back into the medium. 

The cylinder is completely insulated from its surroundings. As a result, no heat is exchanged between the system (cylinder) and its surroundings.Thus, the process is adiabatic.
As we know that, the value of the ratio of specific heat for standard gas\(=1.40\).
\(\therefore \gamma=\frac{\mathrm{C}_{\mathrm{P}}}{\mathrm{C}_{\mathrm{V}}}=\mathrm{1 . 4}\)
For an adiabatic process, we have:\(\mathrm{P}_{1} \mathrm{V}_{1}^{\gamma}=\mathrm{P}_{2} \mathrm{V}_{2}^{\gamma}\)
The final volume is compressed to half of its initial volume.
\(\therefore \mathrm{V}_{2}=\mathrm{V}_{1} / \mathrm{2}\)
\(\mathrm{P}_{1} \mathrm{V}_{1}^{\gamma}=\mathrm{P}_{2}\left(\mathrm{V}_{1} / \mathbf{2}\right)^{\gamma}\)
\(\mathrm{P}_{2} / \mathrm{P}_{1}=\mathrm{V}_{1}^{\gamma} /\left(\mathrm{V}_{1} / \mathrm{2}\right)^{\gamma}\)
\(=\mathrm{2}^{\mathrm{1 . 4}}=\mathrm{2 . 6 3 9}\)

\(\beta\) -emission takes place from a radioactive nucleus as:

\({ }_{15}^{32} p \stackrel{-\beta}{\longrightarrow}{ }_{16}^{32} S+{ }_{-1} e^{0}+\bar{v}\)

where \(\bar{v}\) is the anti-neutrino.

In \(\beta^{+}\) decay a positron is emitted as:

\({ }_{11}^{22} N a \longrightarrow{ }_{10}^{22} N e+{ }_{+1} e^{0}+v\)

where \(v\) is the neutrino.

Unit of magnetic flux is weber.

Magnetic flux is a physical quantity that measures the absolute magnitude of a magnetic field passing through a plane (such as a coil of a conducting wire). It is denoted by abbreviation . Its SI unit is Weber.

Since magnetic flux \((\varphi)=\mathrm{B} \mathrm{A}\)

Where, \(\mathrm{B}\) = megnatic field and \(\mathrm{A}\) = area

The \(\mathrm{SI}\) unit of magnetic flux \(=\mathrm{SI}\) unit of magnetic field × \( \mathrm{SI}\) unit of area \(=\) tesla meter\(^{2}=\mathrm{T} \mathrm{m}^{2}\)

Since, 1 Weber \(=1 \mathrm{~T} \mathrm{m}^{2}\)

Thus the SI unit of magnetic flux is \(\mathrm{T} \mathrm{m}^{2}\) and which is equal to weber \((\mathrm{Wb})\).

The average kinetic energy \((\mathrm{KE})\) of translation per molecules of the gas is related to temperature by the relationship:

\(\mathrm{KE}=\frac{3}{2}\mathrm{k}_{\mathrm{B}}\mathrm{T} \quad\) (degree of freedom of a monoatomic gas \(=3\) )

Where \(\mathrm{KE}=\) kinetic energy, \(\mathrm{k}_{\mathrm{B}}=\) Boltzmann constant and \(\mathrm{T}=\) temperature.

According to kinetic energy theory, if we increase the temperature of a gas, it will increase the average kinetic energy of the molecule, which will increase the motion of the molecules.

This increased motion increases the outward pressure of the gas.

Components connected in series are connected along a single path, so the same current flows through all of the components. The current through each of the components is the same, and the voltage across the circuit is the sum of the voltages across each component. The total resistance of resistors in series is equal to the sum of their individual resistances.That is, \({R}_{\text {total }}={R}_{1}+{R}_{2} \ldots {R}_{{n}}\)

Given,

\(R_{1}=40\) ohms,\(R_{2}=60\) ohms \(V=220 {~V}, T=30\) sec

We know that,

Total resistance, \({R}=40+60=100 {ohms}\)

By Ohm's law,

\({V}={IR}\)

\(\Rightarrow {I}=\frac {V} {R}\)

\(\Rightarrow{I}=\frac{220} { 100}=2.2 {~amp}\)

Putting the values of \({I}, {R}\) and \({T}\) in eq. \({H}={I}^{2} {RT}\)

\(\Rightarrow {H}=2.2^{2} \times 100 \times 30\)

\(\Rightarrow {H}=14520 {~J}\)