Chemistry Test-17

Trimethyl stearyl ammonium bromide is known as invert soap.

• Invert soap is a class of synthetic detergents in which the surface active part of the molecule is the cation.
• It is a cationic detergent. 
• Trimethyl stearyl ammonium bromide contains quaternary ammonium salt with an active cation part on the surface of the molecule. So, Trimethyl stearyl ammonium bromide is an invert soap.

The structure of Trimethyl stearyl ammonium bromide is as follows:

A solution that obeys Raoult's law is known as the ideal solution.

The ideal solutions have two important properties. The enthalpy of mixing of the pure components to form the solution is zero and the volume of mixing is also zero, i.e. \(\Delta \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{mix}}=0\) and \(\Delta \mathrm{V}_{\mathrm{mix}}=0\). It means that no heat is absorbed or evolved when the components are mixed.

Structure of \(P_{4} O_{10}\):

Now, we can see all the P atoms are in the same electronic environment and thus, have the same oxidation number.

Let the oxidation number of P be \(x\).

As we know, oxidation of O atoms is -2.

Now we can calculate the oxidation number of \(\mathrm{P}\) in \(P_{4} \mathrm{O}_{10}\) as:

\(4(x)+10(-2)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow 4 x=20\)

\(\Rightarrow x=+5\)

An element with the atomic number \(19\) will most likely combine chemically with the element whose atomic number is\(17\).

The element with atomic number \(19\) will have the electronic configuration \(1 s ^2 2 s ^2 2 p ^6 3 s ^2 3 p ^6 4 s ^1\). So, it has \(1\) valence electron. The element with atomic number \(17\) will have the electronic configuration \(1 s ^2 2 s ^2 2 p ^6 3 s ^2 3 p ^5\). This element with atomic number \(17\) needs \(1\) electron to complete its octet whereas element with atomic number \(19\) has an extra electron.So, an element with atomic number \(19\) is most likely to combine with the element with atomic number \(17\).

The members of the homologous series are called homolouges, not isomers.

Isomers have the same molecular formula and hence, the same molecular weight, whereas the homologuesdiffer by one -CH₂group and 14 unit mass.

Sucralose is the artificial sweetener which contains chlorine.

It is trichloro derivative of sucrose. It is 600 times sweeter than the cane sugar.

\(CH _{3} COOH + C _{2} H _{5} OH \rightleftharpoons CH _{3} COOC _{2} H _{5}+ H _{2} O\)

At \(t =0 \Rightarrow\) \(1\)mole \(1\) mole \(\quad \quad \quad\quad\quad\quad 0 \quad \quad\quad0\)

At equilibrium \(\Rightarrow\left(1-\frac{1}{4}\right)\) moles \(\left(1-\frac{1}{4}\right)\) moles \(\frac{1}{4}\) moles \(\frac{1}{4}\) moles

\(\therefore \quad Kc =\frac{\left[ CH _{3} COOC _{2} H _{5}\right]\left[ H _{2} O \right]}{\left[ CH _{3} COOH \right]\left[ C _{2} H _{5} OH \right]}=\frac{\left(\frac{1}{4} \times \frac{1}{4}\right)}{\frac{3}{4} \times \frac{3}{4}}=\frac{1}{9}\)

When hit by light, diffracted colloidal mixture.

When light is shined through a true solution, the light passes cleanly through the solution, however when light is passed through a colloidal solution, the substance in the dispersed phases scatters the light in all directions, making it readily seen.

Avagadro stated that when two identical containers are filled with different gases at same pressure and temperature, they contain same number of particles.

So, the statement is linked with Avagadro.

According to Faraday first law \(W \propto Q\)

and \(W=\frac{\text { Ewt }}{F}\)

Ewt. \(=\) Equivalent weight

\(F =\) Faraday constant

\(W =\) weight

\(Q=\operatorname{current}( i ) \times \operatorname{tim}(t)\)

\(\frac{ W }{ Ewt }=\frac{\text { it }}{ F }\)

\(\frac{18 \times 2}{18}=\frac{3 \times t }{96500}\left(\text { Ewt }=\frac{\text { M.w. }}{\text { V.F. }}\right)\)

\(\frac{2 \times 96500}{3 \times 3600}= t\)

\(t =64333 s \approx 18 hr\)