Chemistry Test-31

The polyester Dacron and the polyamide Nylon 6, 6 are two examples of synthetic condensation polymers, also known as step-growth polymers.

Prontosil, also called sulfamidochrysoidine, trade name of the first synthetic drug used in the treatment of general bacterial infections in humans. Prontosil was introduced into medicine in the 1930s.

It resulted from research, directed by German chemist and pathologist Gerhard Domagk, on the antibacterial action of azo dyes. A red azo dye of low toxicity, it was shown by Domagk to prevent mortality in mice infected with Streptococcus bacteria.

It has been replaced in clinical use by newer sulfonamide drugs, including sulfanilamide, sulfathiazole, sulfamethoxazole, and others.

Receptors are proteins that are crucial to body’s communication process. Majority of these are embedded in cell membranes. Receptor proteins are embedded in the cell membrane in such a way that their small part possessing active site projects out of the surface of the membrane and opens on the outside region of the cell membrane.

Starch is converted into disaccharide in presence ofDiastase.

In the presence of diastase, starch breaks down to maltose. Maltose is a disaccharide consisting of 2 glucose units.

A diastase is any one of a group of enzymes that catalyses the breakdown of starch into maltose. Alpha amylase degrades starch to a mixture of the disaccharide maltose; the trisaccharide maltotriose, which contains three α (1-4)-linked glucose residues; and oligosaccharides, known as dextrins, that contain the α (1-6)-linked glucose branches.

Combined gas law equation:

The combined gas law is a gas law that combines Charles's law, Boyle's law, and Gay-Lussac's law. The ratio between the pressure-volume product and the temperature of a system remains constant. so question should be like P₁V₁T₂= P₂V₂T₁

\(\Rightarrow \frac{P_{1} V_{1}}{T_{1}}=\frac{P_{2} V_{2}}{T_{2}}\)

Only option A is true, as, for the unielectron system, energy can be determined only from n values, i.e.,3s, 3p, and 3d orbitals have the same energy.

\(4 \mathrm{Na}(\mathrm{s})+\mathrm{O}_{2}(\mathrm{~g}) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{s})\)

The substance that gains oxygen is being oxidised and is called as oxidised substance. The substance that loses oxygen is being reduced and is called as the reduced substance. In the above reaction, sodium \_\mathrm{Na}\ is gaining oxygen to form \(\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{O}\). So, sodium (\(\mathrm{Na}\)) is being oxidized so it is oxidising substance and oxygen is getting reduced, so it is a reduced substance.

Nitrobenzenes can be reduced in the presence of a strongly acidic and as well as neutral medium when reduced in presence of a strongly acidic medium such as \(\mathrm {Sn}\) or \(\mathrm {HCl}\), nitrobenzene forms aniline.

Dalton's law of partial pressures states that in a mixture of non-reacting gases, the total pressure exerted is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases. The ratio of partial pressure of a gas to the total pressure is equal to the mole fraction of the gas.

Non-metals, in general, are bad conductors of electricity. But graphite, an allotrope of carbon, and a non-metal is an exception. It is a good conductor of electricity.