Microbes in Human Welfare Test - 5

Benzene is used as a separating agent in the downstream processing of ethanol production. It is used in distillation process to obtain pure ethanol.

Yakult contains 6.5 billion unique probiotic called 'Lactobacillus casei' in each bottle. The bacteria in Yakult are resistant to gastric juice and bile juice, and reach the intestine alive to give health benefits.

Intermittent addition of lime helps to neutralise the acid and to promote a good yield of calcium lactate.

Ketogulonicigenium vulgare produces ascorbic acid from L-sorbosone.

Rhizopus arrhizus is used to introduce O₂ at 11^th position of steroid nucleus.

Rhodopseudomonas protamicus is a hybrid strain of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides and Protaminobacter rubber and can produce as high as 135 mg/l of vitamin B₁₂ utilising carbon source. Thus, it is the strain that yields the greatest amount of vitamin B₁₂.

Blakeslea trispora is the most preferred strain for production of beta-carotene due to its high yield. It produces 3 g/l beta-carotene.

Dodecane, i.e. kerosene increases the solubility of hydrophobic substrates and doubles the production of beta carotene in fermentation by + and - mix strains of trispora.

Ashbya gossypii is the most preferred organism for the industrial production of riboflavin as it is more stable with a high producing capacity of riboflavin.

Vitamin B₁₂ is commercially produced only by fermentation, i.e. microbiological method, due to its very complex structure.