Morphology of Flowering Plants Test - 13

The anther can be attached to the filament's connective in two ways. One is basifixed, in which an anther is attached from its base to the filament and another one is dorsifixed, in which anther is attached at its center to the filament. Also, an anther whose attachment is middle so that it can swing freely is called as versatile anther.

Adhesion:- 

It is the physical phenomena. In this phenomena molecules of different matter attract each other.

E.g. Forces between the water molecules and glass molecules.

Cruciform corolla is a type of polypetalous corolla in which the four free petals are equal and  arranged in the form of a cross. It is a regular corolla and is characteristics of the family Brassicaceae. Hence cruciform corolla is found in radish.

The axis or the internode that elongates between the corolla and androecium is called androphore. It is also called as gynandrophore. Anthophore is present between calyx and corolla. Gynophore is present between androecium and gynoecium.

The branch bearing flower is called as the mother axis. The side of the flower facing it is called as posterior side. Therefore, option B is correct.

Carcerulus and lomentum are schizocarpic fruits.
Lomentum is a simple, dry, schizocarpic fruit. The fruit is constricted or partitioned between seeds into a number of one-seeded compartments. The fruit breaks into one seeded indehiscent segments, e.g., Mimosa pudica, Acacia.
A carcerulus is a dry fruit that is a type of schizocarp. It consists of a number of one-seeded fragments (mericarps) that adhere to a central axis. 
Thus, the correct answer is option D.

The typical fruit of the mustard family i.e. brassicaceae is called a silique. Flowers of the mustard family typically have four petals, four sepals and six stamens.
A silique is a type of fruit having two fused carpels with the length being more than three times the width. When the length is less than three times the width of the dried fruit it is referred to as a silicle.
 

Raphanus sativus (radish) is an annual or biennial plant in the mustard family. It is grown for its large succulent taproot which is edible.

Pome is a false fruit. A pome is an accessory fruit composed of one or more carpels surrounded by accessory tissue. The accessory tissue is interpreted by some specialists as an extension of the receptacle and is then referred to as fruit cortex and by others as a fused hypanthium or torus, it is the most edible part of this fruit.

A berry fruit is fleshy and multiseeded. Berry is a fleshy fruit produced from a single flower and containing one ovary. Grapes and bananas are two common examples. The berry is the most common type of fleshy fruit in which the entire ovary wall ripens into an edible pericarp. They may have one or more carpels. The seeds are usually embedded in the fleshy interior of the ovary, but there are some non-fleshy exceptions, such as peppers, that have air rather than pulp around their seeds.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Water melon is a Pepo fruit. Berries are another type of fleshy fruit, they are simple fruit created from a single ovary. The ovary may be compound, with several carpels. Pepo are berries where the skin is hardened.

Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Immature fig or gular fruit is a syconus. Syconium is the type of inflorescence borne by figs, formed by an enlarged, fleshy, hollow receptacle with multiple ovaries on the inside surface. In essence, it is really a fleshy stem with a number of flowers, so it is considered both, a multiple and accessory fruit.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

The cypsela is the typical fruit of the sunflower i.e. Helianthus annuus family asteraceae. It is a small, one- seeded fruit containing a single seed. The seed is attached by a funiculus but the seed coat is free from the inner wall of the pericarp.

Phyllode is a modification of leaf or petiole. It is green in colour and is able to carry out photosynthesis. It is a xerophytic adapation. It reduces the rate of transpiration in xerophytic plants like Opuntia. Thus, the correct answer is 'Petiole.'

When the stamens get binded in a bunch or a single bundle, it is called Monoadelphous.
The stamens are binded through the filaments of the anthers.
Stamen is composed of several anthers. And filament is a thread like structure which works as a connecting medium for stamen and thalamus.

Dispersal of seeds is very important for the survival of plant species. If plants grow too closely together, they have to compete for light, water and nutrients from the soil. Seed dispersal allows plants to spread out from a wide area and avoid competing with one another for the same resources.

The floral diagram is basically the graphic representation of a flower structure. It gives information about the number of whorls, sizes, and fusions and also contains extra information like cohesion of carpels and stamens, symmetry, aestivation, placentation etc.
So the correct option is 'Position of ovary on thalamus'

When released from their seed capsules they flutter or spin through the air. Whether they spin or merely flutter depends on the size, shape, and pitch of the wings, and the wind velocity. This method sometimes called a rolling mechanism.

Cloves are the aromatic flower buds of a tree in the family Myrtaceae, Syzygium aromaticum. They are native to the Maluku islands in Indonesia, and are commonly used as a spice. Oil is obtained from flower bud and used for perfumes and medicines. Thus, option A is correct.

Some perennials flower only once in their lifetime, set seeds and die. The next generation of the plants are established from these seeds and the cycle is repeated. Such plants are known as monocarpic, opposed to polycarpic plants that flower and set seeds many times during its lifetime.

The pinnately compound leaves in which there is only one terminal leaflet rather than a terminal pair of leaflets is known as imparipinnate leaf. They are also called as odd-pinnate leaf.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Pepo: These fruit develops from tricarpellary, syncarpous and inferior ovary- This fruit is unilocular and have parietal placentation. These fruits 'are fleshy and spongy.

Fruit of brinjal is a berry. The egg-shaped glossy purple fruit has white flesh with a meaty texture. The cut surface of the flesh rapidly turns brown when the fruit is cut open. The fruit is a berry, the fruit contains numerous small, soft seeds which, though edible, taste bitter.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Leguminosae is a large and economically important family of flowering plants. In leguminosae the ovary is monocarpellary, superior, unilocular with marginal placentation.
Marginal placentation is found in monocarpellary unilocular ovary, placenta forms a rigid along ventral side and ovules are arranged in two vertical rows. In leguminosae, the stamens are 10, diadelphous [stamens are united by their filaments so as to form two groups i.e (9+1)]

So, the correct answer is "Leguminosae"