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Ecosystem Test 3

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Ecosystem Test 3
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  • Question 1
    1 / -0

    Another term used for decomposers is:

    Solution

    Decomposers breaks the complex organic matter present in dead plants and animals into simpler form that can be reused. They acts as reducer of dead and decaying matters.

  • Question 2
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    The ten percent law for energy transfer through trophic levels was proposed by :

    Solution

    The ten percent law of energy transfer through trophic levels was proposed by Lindemann.

  • Question 3
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    Ecosystem follows:

    Solution

    The chemical energy of food is the main source of energy required by all living organisms. This energy is transmitted to different trophic levels along the food chain. This energy flow is based on two different laws of thermodynamics:

    • First law of thermodynamics, that states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, it can only change from one form to another.
    • Second law of thermodynamics, that states that as energy is transferred more and more of it is wasted.

  • Question 4
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    Non-essential for an ecosystem is/are:

    Solution

    Ecosystem consists of biotic component producer, consumer and decomposer. Producer fix solar energy into useable forms and decomposer breaks the complex organic matter into simpler forms but consumer do not perform specific function so non-essential.

  • Question 5
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    There are only 4 or 5 trophic levels in food chain of an ecosystem due to :

    Solution

    In most of the food chain of ecosystem only 4 to 5 trophic levels are present because loss of energy at successive levels is very high. Only 10% of energy is transferred to next trophic level.

  • Question 6
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    A detritus food chain will start with which of the following?

    Solution

    A detritus food chain begins with dead organic matter. It is made of decomposers which are heterotrophic organism fungi and bacteria.Rhizophora species is a saprophyticheterotrophs.

  • Question 7
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    Stability will be provided to the ecosystem by:

    Solution

    Food web is formed by interaction between a numbers of food chains having common members. Stability of ecosystem largely depends upon the kinds of food web exists in it for proper flow of energy.

  • Question 8
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    For greater efficiency a food chain must be:

    Solution

    For greater efficiency a food chain must have three to four trophic levels. At each trophic levels loss of energy is very high so very small amount of energy is left after there trophic level.

  • Question 9
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    If 20000J energy is present in transducers then 3°consumers will get:

    Solution

    At each trophic level only ten percent of energy is transferred from one trophic level to next trophic level from producer to consumers. So, only 20J of energy is available to tertiary consumers.

  • Question 10
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    Zone of ocean present below 2000 meters and lacks any tranducers is :

    Solution

    The zone of ocean present below 2000 meters and lacks any photosynthetic organisms is called abyssal zone.

  • Question 11
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    If the number of producers in a pond ecosystem is approx 10 million then the number of top carnivore (in million) which it can support may be:

    Solution

    In a food chain, number of organisms reduce from producer to carnivores at each trophic levels. So, the number of carnivores will be less than the prouder which is less than 10 million.

  • Question 12
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    Ecological pyramids does not give any place to :

    Solution

    In ecological pyramids, saprophytes do not have any place even though they play very vital role in ecosystem. This is because ecological pyramids does not take into account same species belonging to two or more trophic levels.

  • Question 13
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    A more perfect biogeochemical cycle is:

    Solution

    Carbon cycle is the most perfect biogeochemical cycle because carbon cycle operates globally. Carbon cycles include atmosphere, lithosphere and hydrosphere all together.

  • Question 14
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    The characteristic of soils such as soil composition, grain size and aggregation determine the

    Solution

    The characteristic of soils such as soil composition, grain size and aggregation determine the percolation and water holding capacity of the soil. Along with these pH and mineral composition determine the type of vegetation.

  • Question 15
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    CAM plants have special photosynthetic pathway in which

    Solution

    CAM plants have special photosynthetic pathway in which stomata remain closed during the day to prevent loss of water by transpiration.

  • Question 16
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    Exponential growth occurs in the population in which sufficient

    Solution

    Exponential growth occurs in the population in which sufficient food and nutrients are available in sufficient amount. The rate of growth is very fast in this kinds of growth.

  • Question 17
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    Recourse partitioning is the evolving mechanisms that promote

    Solution

    The species facing completion might evolve mechanisms that that promote co-existence rather than exclusion. This mechanism is called resource partitioning.

  • Question 18
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    Which of the following is an example of catabolism?

    Solution

    Breakdown of detritus by microbial enzymes into simple forms is called catabolism in which mass of the organisms decrease without any external reduction is size of the organisms.

  • Question 19
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    Assertion: If a predator is too efficient and overexploits its prey, then prey might become extinct.
    Reason: The predator will also become extinct for lack of food.

    Solution

    If a predator is too efficient and overexploits its prey, then prey might become extinct. The predator will also become extinct for lack of food. Therefore, predators in nature are prudent.

  • Question 20
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    The order of basic processes involved in succession is

    Solution

    The order of basic processes involved in succession is
    Nudation→Invasion→Competitionandcoordination→reaction→stabilizationNudation→Invasion→Competitionandcoordination→reaction→stabilization
    Hence (a) is the correct answer.

  • Question 21
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    The individual transitional communities to inhabit an area are commonly called as:

    Solution

    In ecological succession, the individual transitional communities to inhibit an area are commonly called seral stage or seral communities that leads to climax communities.

  • Question 22
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    Primary consumer category in aquatic &/or terrestrial ecosystem will include :

    Solution

    Primary consumers obtain food from producers or autotrophs. In aquatic ecosystem phytoplankton are main prouder and zooplankton are primary consumers along with frog tadpole , snail and tortoise.

  • Question 23
    1 / -0

    Examples of local and global nutrient cycles will be:

    Solution

    Phosphorus cycle occurs at local level in an ecosystem as it is mainly derived from soil. Carbon cycles occurs through environment and affected by different ecosystem present on earth surface. So, carbon cycle is global in nature.

  • Question 24
    1 / -0

    Universal non-polluting source of energy is

    Solution

    Universal non-polluting source of energy is sun. All the sources of energy are directly and indirectly derived from sun including fossil fuels.

  • Question 25
    1 / -0

    Earth crust is the reservoir of sedimentary type of nutrients like

    Solution

    Earth crust is the reservoir of sedimentary type of nutrients like phosphorus. Atmosphere is the reservoir of gaseous types of cycle like oxygen and nitrogen along with carbon.

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