Biology Test 125

Saponins also referred to selectively as triterpene glycosides, are bitter-tasting usually toxic plant-derived organic chemicals that have a foamy quality when agitated in water. They are used in soaps, medicinals, fire extinguishers, speciously as dietary supplements, for the synthesis of steroids, and in carbonated beverages (the head on a mug of root beer).

Hence, the correct option is (D).

Lymph fills the spaces between tissues, between the cells of organs and between cells and connective tissues. Tissue fluid serves as the "middleman" for the exchange between blood and body cells.

Hence, the correct option is (D).

Chlamydia is known as the “silent” disease because, in most cases, the infection produces no symptoms until it is quite advanced. Even when chlamydia causes no symptoms, it can damage your reproductive system.

Hence, the correct option is (B).

Modern detergents contain enzyme preparation of alkaliphiles. Detergents represent the largest industrial application of enzymes amounting to 25-30% of total sales of enzymes. The enzymes used in detergents must be cost-effective, safe to use and be able to perform the task in the presence of anionic and non-ionic detergents soaps, oxidants, etc at pH between 8-10.5 %. The chief enzymes used are proteases, α-amylase and sometimes cellulase.

Hence, the correct option is (C).

Elastic cartilage provides support with moderate elasticity. It is found mainly in the larynx, the external part of the ear (pinna), and the tube leading from the middle part of the ear to the throat (eustachian or auditory tube).

Hence, the correct option is (B).

Blue-green algae, also known as Cyanobacteria, are a group of photosynthetic bacteria that many people refer to as "pond scum."  They have many beneficial functions such as nitrogen fixation and cycling of nutrients in the food chain.

Hence, the correct option is (A).

When testosterone is absent, the tissues develop into female sexual tissues. Primitive gonads become testes or ovaries. Tissues that produce a penis in males produce a clitoris in females. The tissue that will become the scrotum in a male becomes the labia in a female, that is, they are homologous structures.

Hence, the correct option is (C).

The efficiency of the transfer of energy along the food chain from one trophic level to another is generally less than 10% as 90% of energy is lost as heat. This is in accordance with the 10% law.

The 10% law of transfer of energy from one trophic level to the next was introduced by Raymond Lindeman (1942). According to this law, during the transfer of organic food energy from one trophic level to the next higher level, only about 10% of the transferred energy is stored as flesh.

Hence, the correct option is (C).

A gain or loss of chromosomes from the normal 46 is called aneuploidy. A common form of aneuploidy is trisomy or the presence of an extra chromosome in cells. Cells with one additional set of chromosomes, for a total of 69 chromosomes, are called triploids.

Hence, the correct option is (B).

Girdling, also called ring-barking, is the complete removal of the bark (consisting of cork cambium or "phellogen", phloem, cambium and sometimes going into the xylem) from around the entire circumference of either a branch or trunk of a woody plant. Girdling results in the death of the area above the girdle over time.

Hence, the correct option is (B).